Vocabulary Test Questions – Flashcards
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| Endothermic |
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| a reaction in which energy is absorbed |
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| Exothermic |
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| a reaction in which energy is released |
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| Evaporation |
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| change of a substance from liquid to gas |
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| Halogens |
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| highly active metals in group 17 |
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| Alkali |
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| highly active metals in group 1 |
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| Alkaline Earth |
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| highly active metals in group 2 |
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| Hydronium Ions |
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| the ion that makes a solution acidic |
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| Hydroxyl Ions |
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| the ion that makes the solution basic |
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| Indicator |
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| An organic compound that changes color in an acidic or basic solution |
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| Isotope |
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| Atom of the same element that have different number of neutrons |
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| Kenectic Energy |
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| energy of motion |
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| Law of Conservation of Energy |
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| Energy can change form, but cannot be created or destroyed under ordinary conditions |
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| Law of Conservation of Mass |
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| Matter is neither created or destroyed during a chemical change |
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| Mechanical Energy |
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| the total amount of Kenectic and Mechanical Energy in a system |
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| Malleable |
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| ability of metals to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets |
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| Metalloids |
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| elements that have properties of metals and nonmetals |
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| Mixture |
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| A material made of elements or compounds stirred together but not chemically combined |
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| Neutron |
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| atomic particle with no charge found in nucleus |
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| Nonmetals |
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| Elements that are usually gases or brittle solids at room temperature, most do not conduct heat or electricity. They appear on the right of the periodic table |
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| Metals |
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| Elements that are usually solids at room temperature; most conduct heat and electricity. Most of the elements on the left of the stair step line of the periodic table are metals. |
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| Nucleus |
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| positively charged center of an atom that contains protons and neutrons |
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| Period |
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| horizontal row on the periodic table |
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| Group/Family |
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| Vertical sections on the periodic table, usually classified by the number of electrons in the outer shell |
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| Phenothalein |
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| Vertical sections on the periodic table, usually classified by the number of electrons in the outer shell |
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| Dilute Solution |
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| The amount of solute is much less than the maximum solvent can hold at that temperature |
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| Ductile |
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| abilitlty of metals to be pulled into wire tubing |
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| Condensation |
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| the change of a substance from gas to liquid |
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| Density |
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| mass per unit volume of material |
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| Diatomic |
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| a molecule composed of 2 atoms of the same element |
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| Electron |
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| the negatively charged part of an atom found outside of a nucleus |
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| Gas |
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| no definite shape or volume |
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| Solid |
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| definite shape or volume |
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| LIquid no definite shape, definite volume |
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| Plasma |
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| A gas like mixture of charged particles that exists at extremely high temperatures – examples are fluorescent lightning, stars |
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| Chemical property |
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| characteristic used to descibe a substance such as flammable |
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| Chemical change |
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| when a new substance is created by reactants |
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| Physical Change |
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| when you change the size or shape still the orignal substance |
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| Physical Property |
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| Any characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the substance/s that make up the material |
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| Subscript |
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| like h2o the # of atoms in the element |
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| Coefficent |
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| # of units of each system like 2Ag |
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| Ionic Bond |
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| metals lose their electrons nonmetals gain electrons |
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| Covalent Bond |
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| 2 nonmetals share their electrons |
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| Formula |
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| # and symbol of element |
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| Element |
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| substance in which the elements and their ratio are given |
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| Compound |
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| a substance chemically combioning 2 or more elements |
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| Acids |
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| produce hydrogen ions has pH less than 7 |
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| Bases |
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| produces hydroxide ions pH greater than 7 |
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| Ion |
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| positively or negatively charged particle |
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| Atomic # |
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| # of prtons in the atom's nucleus |
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| Chemical Bond |
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| the force that holds together an atom and a compound |
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| Symbol |
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| the shorthand way 2 write an element |
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| Chemically Stable |
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| Describes an atom whose outer energy level is completely filled with electrons |
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| Pickling |
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| A process that removes impurities from the surface of steel and other metals by dipping them in HCl |
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| Products |
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| in a chemical reaction the substance produced |
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| Reactants |
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| the beganing substance of a chemical reaction |
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| Protons |
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| the positively charged particle found in the nucleus |
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| Potential Energy |
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| Stored Energy |
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| Sublimation |
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| change of substance dirrectly solid to gas |
