Vocab Words Test Questions – Flashcards
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| Atom |
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| Smallest particle of an element |
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| Element |
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| A pure substance that contains only one kind of atom |
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| Proton |
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| The positive particle found in the nucleus of an atom |
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| Neutron |
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| A particle found in the nucleus of an atom that has no charge |
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| Electron |
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| The negatively charged particle only found in an atom |
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| Nucleus |
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| The small, dense, central core of an atom |
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| Energy Levels |
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| Orbits found outside the nucleus of an atom in which electrons travel |
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| Atomic mass unit |
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| The mass of a single proton or neutron; amu |
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| Atomic number |
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| The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
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| Mass number |
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| The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom; it is found by rounding off the atomic mass to the nearest whole number |
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| Atomic mass |
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| The sum of the relative masses of the protons and neutrons in an atom |
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| Isotopes |
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| Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons |
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| Ion |
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| An atom or group of atoms that have an eletric charge as the result of losing or gaining electrons |
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| Periodic Table |
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| The organization of elements by atomic number into a table: similar elements are grouped in horizontal rows (periods) and vertical columns (groups) |
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| Period |
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| A horizontal, row of elements in the periodic table; 7 rows = 7 periods |
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| Groups |
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| Sets of elements arranged in vertical columns in the periodic table; 18 groups ; groups are often called families |
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| Metal |
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| Elements that tend to LOSE electrons easily; thay are located on the left of the staircase on the periodic table |
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| Nonmetals |
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| Elements that tend to GAIN electrons easily; they are located on the right of the staircase of the periodic table |
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| Metalloids |
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| Substances that exhibit some, but not all, of the properties of metals |
