Virus – Flashcards
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How is penetration different in animal viruses as compared to bacterial viruses?
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The entire viral particle penetrates an animal cell, while only the viral genome penetrates a bacterial cell.
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Differentiate between persistent and latent animal virus infections.
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In a persistent infection, the host cell is continually releasing new viral particles slowly. In a latent infection, there are periods of time where the virus is not replicating and creating new viral particles.
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A retrovirus has a genome that consists of __________.
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ssRNA
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Lysogenic viral DNA integrating into the host genome is referred to as
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A prophage
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Which of the following events might trigger induction of a temperate bacteriophage?
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Exposure to UV light
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How is the lytic cycle different from the lysogenic cycle with respect to the infected host cell?
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The host cell dies during the lytic stage.
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What is the fate of the prophage during the lysogenic stage?
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It is copied every time the host DNA replicates.
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Viruses can confer additional properties on their host cells, which can in turn be inherited.
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True
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A prophage replicates
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Along with its host while the lytic genes are not expressed.
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Bacteriophage have a ________ complex structure than animal viruses, because ________.
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More / the bacteriophage must penetrate the peptidoglycan cell wall
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Cellular receptors may be composed of
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Combinations of proteins, carbohydrates, and/or lipids.
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The concentration of infectious plaque forming units (pfu) per volume of fluid is known as the
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Titer
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Identify the phases and characteristic viral molecules produced within those phases in this one-step viral growth curve diagram.
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Line 1: eclipse, maturation
Line 2: early viral enzymes, nucleic acid, viral protein coats, assembly and release
Line 3: virus added, latent period
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A cell that allows the complete replication cycle of a virus to take place is said to be a
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Permissive host
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An RNA genome itself serves as mRNA in negative-stranded RNA viruses.
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False
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Which of the following are the hosts for most enveloped viruses?
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Animals
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When packaged in the virion, the complete complex of nucleic acid and protein is known as the virus
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Nucleocapsid
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What are the minimal components needed for a virion?
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Capsid and genome
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When describing the viral genome, which terms could be used?
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All of the listed responses are correct
AKA: ds or ss RNA and DNA
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ALL viral particles
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Are metabolically inert
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The term "phage" is generally reserved for the viruses that infect
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Bacteria
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Viral replication is
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INDEPENDENT of the host cell's DNA but DEPENDENT on the host cell's enzymes and metabolism.
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What are the consequences of a viral infection of an animal cell?
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Outcomes vary from rapid lysis to persistent infections, latent infections, or cancer
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Which of the following enzymes would you expect to find in the VIRION of a retrovirus, but NOT in a bacteriophage?
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Reverse transcriptase
