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8000 BCE-600 BCE

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Neolithic revolution domestication of plants and animals leads to surplus of food and denser populations which in turn leads to specializations

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8000 BCE 7200 BCE

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Jericho and Catal Huyuk settlements but not civilizations

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3500 BCE

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Sumerians invent the wheel

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3000 BCE

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bronze age (copper + tin)

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1300 BCE

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Iron age

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most isolated part of the world during the neolithc revolution

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the americas

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Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt would be similar in that they each

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introduced monotheism in cultures that were predominantly polytheistic Ibrahim and Ikhnaten introduced monotheism into Mesopotamia and Egypt, though ancient Egyptians rejected Ikhnaten's ideas.

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An example of diffusion in AP World History would be

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the Hittites bringing iron into Mesopotamia The importing of iron into Mesopotamia by the foreign Hittite is an excellent example of what diffusion is.

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Chinese emperors were expected to be responsible to their citizenry because of

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the Mandate of Heaven The Mandate of Heaven gave permission to the emperor to rule, a permission ultimately granted by the people.

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What do the Bantu and Indo-Europeans have in common?

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They were a migratory group that spread their culture as they traveled For different reasons they fanned out from their homeland and spread their culture as they went, the Indo-Europeans into Europe and South Asia and the Bantu into Sub-Saharan Africa.

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600 CE

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birth of islam

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Zhou dynasty

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longest lasting chinese dynasty mandate of heaven ends around 256 BCE

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Qin dynasty (221 BCE-209 BCE)

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Shi Huangdi- known as the first emperor of China Unifies China after the warring states period Legalism is the philosophy Builds tomb guarded by Terra Cotta warriors and starts the Great Wall Standardizes weights, measurements, currencies, laws and written language

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Han dynasty (206 BCE to 200 CE)

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Golden Age of China Establish the Silk Road Han (silk) and Romans (precious metals) trade Buddhism spreads to China via silk road

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Civil Service Exam begins

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Based on teachings of Confucius (Analects) Government should be highly educated Created a government bureaucracy skilled and stable

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Technology han dynasty

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Paper manufactured, sun dials, calendars, compass, rudder, seismograph, water powered mills

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shi huangdi

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installed legalism: begining of the great wall his tomb was filled with the terra cotta warriors

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wall we see today

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product of the ming dynasty

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206 BCE- 220 CE

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Han dynasty established the silk road (connected the han dynasty across the mediteranean with rome) established the civil service exam (bureacracy based on merit) *advancements in technology

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Mauryan Empire (322- 185 BCE)

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First to unify the Indian subcontinent Ashoka Spread Buddhism and kept it from dying out

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Gupta Empire (320- 550 CE)

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Golden Age of India: Number system developed (Arabic numerals), concept of zero, concept of pi, Sanskrit flourishes, predicted eclipses, inoculation, surgeries and bone setting Not as centralized, smaller than the Mauryan Hinduism reasserted Major continuity throughout India

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Sati

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a strong example of patriarchal society in India

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The region of the world that saw the most dramatic change in political structure during this timeframe was (600 BCE-600CE)

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South Asia South Asia saw dramatic changes in the centralized and decentralized nature of political organization.

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Which of the following belief systems most encouraged literacy?

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Confucianism Confucianism recognized the value of the scholar.

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lydians

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first to coin money

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Persian Empire (600 BCE-600 CE)

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Cyrus the Great starts the Achaemenid Empire (Iran) Great Royal Road (1600 miles of roads comparable to eventual Roman roads) Capital Persepolis (comparable to Chang'an, Athens, Rome, Teotihuacan) Defeated by Greeks in Persian War (this developed the concept of East and West) and finally defeated by Alexander the Great of Macedonia

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Greece

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Adopted Phoenician alphabet City-states Athens- democracy, science, arts, philosophy, architecture (Parthenon) Sparta- military Culture- Olympics, mythology, epic poems of the Odyssey and Iliad, drama and comedy, development of philosophy (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle) Aristotle model of Greek thought by use of logic

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Alexander the Great

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Conquered Greece and spread Greek culture known as Hellenism Empire facilitated interaction and spread of culture (Greece, India, Persia, and Egypt) Library of Alexandria in Egypt center of learning (good comparison to later Timbuktu, Mali) Geometry, medicine, anatomy, circumference of the earth, Pythagorean theorem, geocentric thought of Ptolemy

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empress wu

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founded her own dynasty led first as regent in 683 CE became empress 690 CE deposed in 705 CE

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dynasties in order

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shang 1600-1029 BCE zhou 1029-771 BCE warring states period 475-271 BCE qin 221-206 BCE Han 206 BCE-220 CE the three kingdoms period 220-280 CE sui 581-618 CE tang 618-907 CE song 960-1271 CE yuan 1271-1368 red turban rebellion 1351-1368 ming 1368-1644 Qing 1644-1911

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mandate of heaven

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THE ZHOU DYNASTY

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terra cotta warriors

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THE BLOODY QIN DYNASTY not the zhou THE QIN this has been a passive aggressive message from annie to get a five dot com thank you

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alexander the great

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356-323 BCE destroyed the persians, also introduced the idea of absolute monarchy to the greco roman world spread greek culture all the way to india (egypt persia india)

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hellenistic empires

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antigonids, ptolemies, seleucids

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Rome (Greatest achievements are law and engineering)

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Roman Republic Senate, Twelve Tables (comparable to Hammurabi's law code) Military domination and expansion with the Punic wars

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Empire (greco roman)

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Julius Caesar killed (44 BCE), Octavian Augustus becomes emperor Empire stretches from England to Middle East Pax Romana (Roman peace) Comparable to Golden age of Athens, later Pax Mongolica and Pax Tokugawa of Japan Law- innocent unless proven guilty by court Engineering (Coliseum), aqueducts Roads (comparable to Persian royal road and later Incan roads) Roman culture influenced by Greek cultural diffusion

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Slavery (greco roman)

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Both Greek and Roman society heavily dependent on slavery (comparison to Chinese dependency on the peasants)

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Silk Road

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Rome traded precious metals with the Han for silk

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5th century BCE

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the golden age of athens caused by the victory in the persian war

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pelopennesian war (431-404 BCE)

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athens v.s. sparta leads to weakening of greece and allows for phillip of macedonia to take over (macedonnia is a little north of greece)

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two greatest axhievments of rome

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law and engineering

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Punic Wars

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Rome v.s. hannibal? (silence of the lambs anyone) allow for roman expansion

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pax romana

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roman peace is the golden age of rome concept of innocent until prove guilty innovations in engineering ex. the coliseum dev. of roads

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Assimilation of multiple cultures was achieved most by

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Alexander the Great As Alexander swept across the Middle East and South Asia, he melded several cultures.

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The existence of slavery in the Roman Empire discouraged

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industrial development Slavery made human labor inexpensive and discouraged the development of mechanical methods of output.

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mahayana

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the buddha is divine

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romulus and remus

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founders of rome :)

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SPQR

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senatus populusque romanus = the senate and the people of rome

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patricians and plebeians

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small group of aristocratic families and the rest

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two areas where christianity remained in africa were (600-1450)

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egypt and ethiopia

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2000 BCE-1000 CE

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Bantu migrations

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synhratic

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blending (in this context its a blending of cultures)

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swahili city states

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built on trade examples include Kilwa Mombasa Sofala and Mozambique their goods were based on gold ivory salt and slaves

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swahili

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a mix between bantu and arabic languages

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introduction of bananas into subsaharan africa

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shows diffusion of malaysiz into sub saharan africa. bananas are a high aloric food so it allowed for population growth

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800-1000

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Ghana was known for its gold and becoming islamic (this was due to the subsaharan trade; they were introduced to merchants)

question

Sundiata

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founder of the Mali empire (comparable to Ghengis khan?)

question

Mansa Musa

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most famous of Mali rulers; he took gold and slaves and since he was islamic went on his pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324 he threw out so much gold in Cairo that he inflated the economy think the mosque at Jenne GOLD AND SALT!

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Sonni Ali associated with the Songhai?

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Islamic empire, knocked out by some dudes

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Bantu

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spread iron farming and language

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1100 CE

answer

mayas? remember the maya were warring city states much like the greeks, they also sacrificed slaves

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mayan achievments

answer

language and writing (comparable to egyptian glyphs) mayan calendar also came up with the placeholder of 0 (remember the gupta empire) also has architecture including Tikal and Chichen Itza

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teotihuacan

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It was a model city. significance with aztecs?

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silk road

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began during the roman han times was the first golden age. second was during the tang/song dynasty, the third is the mongols. buddhism spreads along the silk road

question

indian ocean trade route

answer

flourishing trade centered around india linked india east africa and

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trans saharan trade route

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made possible by the camel around first century CE

question

300 CE

answer

camel saddle allows camel carry more, so trade explodes

question

What group of people connected the trans-Saharan traders with the Indian Ocean?

answer

the bantu!

question

the big three trade routes

answer

silk road, indian ocean trade, trans saharan trade route

question

Which product would a fifth-century CE merchant in South Asia most likely purchase from a merchant just arrived from Sub-Saharan Africa via the Indian Ocean?

answer

ivory Ivory was the item transported across the Indian Ocean during this timeframe.

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aztecs located

answer

central mexico

question

chinampas

answer

extended agriculture into water. aztec tecnique

question

incas located

answer

modern day peru

question

incas also mummified their leaders

answer

similar to the egyptians

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quipu

answer

a record keeping system invented by the inca

question

mongols

answer

largest continuous land empire to exist reestablished the silk road to allow for the pax mongolica they were also religiously tolerant they never took japan and they never took egypt

question

time period of the mongols

answer

think 1200s

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