US-History Chapter 30 – Flashcards

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Ho Chi Minh
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Vietnams Ruler who was a communist
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Vietminh
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an organization of Vietnamese Communists and other nationalist groups that between 1946 and 1954 fought for Vietnamese independence from French
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domino theory
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the idea that if a nation falls under communist control, nearby nations will also fall under communist control
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Dien Bien Phu
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French Outpost which got overran by Vietminh in 1954
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Ganeva Accords
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a 1954 peace agreement that divided Vietnam into Communist-controlled North Vietnam and non-Communist South Vietnam until unification elections could be held in 1956
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Ngo Dinh Diem
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South Vietnams president, strong anti-Communist
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Vietcong
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the South Vietnamese Communists who, with North Vietnamese support, fought against the government of South Vietnam in the Vietnam war
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Ho Chi Minh Trail
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a network of paths used by North Vietnam to transport supplies to the Vietcong in South Vietnam
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Tonkin Gulf Resolution
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a resolution adopted by Congress in 1964, giving the president broad powers to wage war in Vietnam
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Robert McNamara
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secretary of defense
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Dean Rusk
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Secretary of state
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William Westmoreland
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a General in South Vietnam
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Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN)
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the southern Vietnamese soldiers with whom US troops fought against communism and forces in the North during the Vietnam War
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napalm
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a gasoline-based substance used in bombs that US planes dropped in Vietnam in order to burn away jungle and expose Vietcong hideouts
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Agent Orange
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a toxic leaf-killing chemical sprayed by the US planes in Vietnam to expose Vietcong hideouts
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search-and-destroy mission
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a US military raid on the South Vietnamese village, intended to root out villagers with ties to the Vietcong but often resulting in the destruction of the village and the displacement of its inhabitants
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credibility gap
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a public distrust of statements made by the government
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draft
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required enrollment in the armed services
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New Left
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youth dominated political movement of the 1960s embodied in such organizations as Students Democratic Society and the Free Speech Movement
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Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)
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an antiestablishment New Left group, founded in 1960, that called for greater individual freedom and responsibility
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hawk
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a person who supported US involvement in the Vietnam War and believed that the US should use increased military force to win
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dove
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a person who opposed the Vietnam War and believed that the US should withdraw from it
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Tet offensive
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a massive surprise attack by the Vietcong on South Vietnamese towns and cities early in 1968
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Clark Clifford
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a friend and supporter of the president´s Vietnam policy
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Robert Kennedy
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John F. Kennedy´s brother and a senator from New York
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Eugene McCarthy
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Senator in Minnesota
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Hupert Humphrey
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Johnson´s vice-president
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George Wallace
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Former Alabama governor as third party candidate in the election against nixon
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Richard Nixon
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Got elected as president in 1969
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Henry Kissinger
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national Security Adviser
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Vietnamization
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president Nixon´s strategy for ending US involvement in the Vietnam War, involving the gradual withdrawal of US troop and their replacement with South Vietnamese forces
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silent majority
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a name given by president Richard Nixon to moderate, mainstream Americans who quietly supported his Vietnam war policies
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My Lai
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a village in northern South Vietnam where more than 200 unarmed civilians, including women and children, were massacred by US troops in May 1968
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Kent State university
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an Ohio university where national Guardsmen opened fire on students protesting the Vietnam War on May 4, 1970, wounding nine and killing four
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Pentagon Papers
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a 7000-page document - leaked to the press in 1971 by the former Defense Department worker Daniel Ellsberg - revealing that the US government had not been honest about its intentions in the Vietnam war
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War powers act (WPA)
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a law enacted in 1973, limiting a presidents right to send troops into battle without consulting Congress
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