Unit 3 Civics Study Guide – Flashcards
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Why did the article of confederation need to be changed?
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The states weren't united enough, and the national government wasn't strong enough. The states didn't follow national laws.
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What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?
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Discuss interstate trade and other problems, but they decided to form a new government.
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Federalists
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People who wanted the constitution to be ratified. led by alexander hamilton and james madison
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Anti-Federalists
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People who didn't support the constitution because they believed the prez would become a monarchy, national gov would be too strong, and it took too much power from the people. led by Thomas Jefferson and Patrick Henry.
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Federalist papers
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Essays written by Alexander hamilton, john jay, and james madison to convince people to support the constitution
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What was the anti-federalist's biggest complaint about the constitution?
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the constitution didn't include enough individual rights
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What do the 7 articles discuss?
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1. legislative branch 2. executive branch 3.judicial branch 4. interstate relations 5. how to amend constitution 6. national debts and supremacy 7. how to ratify constitution
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popular sovereignty
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people hold the final authority in all matters of government
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limited government
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a principle of constitutional government; a government whose powers are defined and limited by a constitution
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checks and balances
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each branch has restraints by the others
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judicial review
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the courts deem if what the government is doing is unconstitutional
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federalism
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The division of power between a central and regional governments
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what are the four ways to amend the constitution?
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1. Amendment is proposed by congress (by a 2/3 vote in both houses) and ratified by conventions held in 3/4 vote 2. Amendment is proposed by congress (2/3 vote in both houses) and ratified by the state legislature of 3/4 vote 3. Proposed at a national convention called by congress when requested by 2/3 of the state legislatures and ratified by conventions held in 3/4 4.Proposed at a national convention called by congress when requested by 2/3 of the state legislatures and ratified by the state legislature of 3/4
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which amendment process is used the most?
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proposed by congress
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what basic principles of the constitution does the amendment process have?
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Popular sovereignty, limited government, seperation of powers, checks and balances, and judicial review
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what input does the president have on the amendment process?
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None,except actions that automatically amend the constitution
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why did they pass the bill of rights?
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to appease the ani-federalists
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what are the qualifications to be a senator?
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35 yrs old, us citizen for 9 yrs, and live in the state you rep
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What are the qualifications to be a representative?
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25 yrs old, 7 yrs us citizen, live in district you rep
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what are the qualifications to be the president?
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you have to be a natural born US citizen, 35 years old, and a citizen of us for 14 yrs
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Search and seizure
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Police can't look through and take your stuff without a warrant
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new jersey plan
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a unicameral congress with equal representation
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virginia plan
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bicameral congress with both houses based on population
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james madison
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wrote the virginia plan, and the federalist papers
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Due process of law
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government must act fairly when conducting a trial
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eminent domain
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the government can't take your property without fairly compensating you.
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alexander hamilton
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one of the framer's of the constitution, and avid federalist who helped write the federalist papers
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implied powers
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any power congress thinks relates to their job
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suffrage
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the movement for women being able to vote
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expressed powers
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powers explicitly written in the constitution
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self incrimination
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the right to withdraw from saying something self incriminating
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ex post facto
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you can't try someone for a crime committed before it was deemed a crime
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double jeopardy
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no one can be charged for the same crime
