Unit 1 World History – Flashcards
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the Medicis became church leaders and pushed the church to support art.
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which best explains how the Medicis were able to convince the Catholic Church to become a patron of the arts during the Renaissance? -the Medicis became church leaders and pushed the church to support art. -the Medicis gave the church luxury goods in exchange for supporting art. -the Medicis gave the church textile goods in exchange for supporting art. -the Medicis became government leaders and pushed the church to support art.
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photography
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during the Renaissance, Italian cities became centers of - photography - warfare - banking - transportation
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naturalism
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the artistic technique used in The Adoration of the Magi by Sandro Botticelli is best described as -naturalism -secularism -patronage -perspective
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an airplane
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a famous sketch by Leonardo da Vinci showed an early version of -a locomotive -an airplane -an 18-wheeler truck -an aircraft carrier
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show the wealth of patrons
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compared with Medieval art, the purpose of Renaissance art was to -support the role of patrons -support the role of the church - show the wealth of patrons -show the wealth of the church
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the role of humanism
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a major theme present in Renaissance art, but not in Medieval art, is -the role of humanism -the role of the church -the role of agriculture -the role of patrons
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da Vinci
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During the Renaissance, an artist who was considered a "Renaissance man" because of his expertise in several areas was -Michelangelo -Dontaello -Da Vinci Botticelli
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created for wealthy patrons
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a reason that Renaissance art looked different from Medieval art is that it was generally -created for the Catholic Church -created for major political figures -created for aspiring artists -created for wealthy patrons
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religion
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a common theme found in both Medieval art and Renaissance art is -religion -music -nature -science
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Donatelo
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an artist who was famous for his lifelike depictions of the human body during the Renaissance was -Botticelli -Donatelo -Saint Mark -Michelangelo
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lifelike
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compared with Medieval art, Renaissance art often appeared to be -unrealistic --lifelike -ordinary -religious
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patrons
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supports of art during the Renaissance were called -clergy -patrons -humanists -popes
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he applied them to society
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how did Thomas More's work help spread humanistic ideas? -he applied them to the church -he applied them to society -he applied them to theater. he applied them to the arts.
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France
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the Italian wars that began in 1494 helped spread Renaissance ideas to -Portugal -Spain -England -France
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Holbein blended techniques from the Italian Renaissance with his own artistic style
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based on the painting, The Ambassadors, by Han Hoblein the Younger, which best states how Hoblien contributed to the Northern Renaissance? -Hoblein blended Techniques from the Italian Renaissance with his own artistic style -Hoblein blended ideas form Christian humanism with his own artistic style -Hoblein blended techniques from classical sculptures with his own artistic style -Hoblein blended ideas from the church doctrine with his own artistic style.
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both questioned Church teachings while still being religious
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which best states how Erasmus and More helped spread Renaissance ideas in Europe? -both questioned humanist beliefs while still being creative -both questioned church teachings while still being religious -both challenged humanist beliefs while still being religious -both defended church teachings while still being creative
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read
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the popularity of the Gutenberg press in Europe made books more accessible and motivated people to want to learn how to... -write -paint -read -travel
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books
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by 1500, Renaissance ideas were mainly being spread across Europe through -speeches -books -recordings -politicians
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the Reformation
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differing interpretations of the Bible by Christians in Europe eventually led to -the Reformation -the Hundred Years War -the Black Plague -the Italian wars
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urbanization
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the Italian Renaissance spread across Europe in the late 1400's through - religion -urbanization -newspapers -farming
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northern Europe
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where did Italian artists and writers flee for safety during the Italian wars? - northern Europe -southern Europe -North America -South America
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creating complex characters
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William Shakespeare's plays contributed to Renaissance culture by - satirizing the Catholic Church -describing an ideal society - creating complex characters -creating both books and art
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a critic of the Catholic Church
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in the mid 1300's, John Wycliffe was -a critic of the Protestant Church -a reverend in the Protestant Church - a critic of the Catholic Church - a priest in the Catholic Church
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the Catholic Church mostly remained separate from European politics and government
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what statement best describes the Catholic Church during the Renaissance? - the monarchs of Europe governed the Catholic Church and dictated its policies and practices -the Catholic Church was increasingly seen as a corrupt institution with too much power. -the Catholic Church mostly remained separate from European politics and government -the people of Europe had little contact with the Catholic Church, which had no influence over their lives.
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he married Anne Boleyn in defiance of the Pope
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why did King Henry VIII leave the Catholic Church in the 1500's? - he wanted to prevent the sale of indulgence - he married Anne Boleyn in defiance of the Pope - he drafted a list that criticized church practices. - he translated the Bible in German and English.
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Martin Luther's criticisms of the Catholic Church sparked the Reformation, John Calvin created a new denomination that promoted good works.
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which pair of statements best compares the roles of Martin Luther and John Calvin in the Reformation? - Martin Luther's criticisms of the Catholic Church sparked the Reformation, John Calvin created a new denomination that promoted good works. - John Calvin's criticisms of the Catholic Church sparked the Reformation, Martin Luther created a new denomination that promoted good works. - Martin Luther broke from the Catholic Church over an annulment, John Calvin translated the Bible into English and started the Church of England. - John Calvin broke from the Catholic Church over an annulment, Martin Luther translated the Bible into English and started the Church of England.
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Lutheranism
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the concept of predestination was a major part of -Anglicanism -Calvinism -Lutheranism -Presbyterianism
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Martin Luther
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who launched the Protestant Reformation it the 1500's? -John Calvin -Henry VIII -Martin Luther -John Wycliffe
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establishing new denominations
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the Ninety-Five Theses called for many reforms, including -establishing new denominations -banning the sale of indulgences -allowing only priests to forgive sins -building palaces with church funds
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escape religious persecution
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in the 1500's, John Calvin left France to -escape religious persecution -become a Catholic priest -translate the Bible into German -stand trial at the Diet of Worms
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some people are picked before birth for salvation
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a key belief of Calvinism in the 1500's, was that -human beings are born free form all sins -children should not attend religious services - only priests and popes should interpret the Bible -some people are picked before birth for salvation
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were excommunicated from the Catholic Church for their actions
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a similarity between Henry VIII and Martin Luther was that both -formed new denominations that spread throughout Europe - were European monarchs who opposed the Catholic Church -were religious leaders who tried to change the Catholic Church -were excommunicated from the Catholic Church for their actions
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Dante Alighieri
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a Renaissance writer considered one of the greatest poets of all time is -Thomas More -Niccolo Machiavelli -Dante Alighieri -Baldassare Castiglione
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the Divine Comedy
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a major Renaissance poem that included real people as its characters was -the Prince -The Divine Comedy -Don Quixote -The Book of the Courtier
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helping merchants become patrons
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trade spread the Italian Renaissance across Europe by -helping merchants become patrons -helping monarchs become artists -helping merchants become politicians -helping artists become patrons
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major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized beauty and led to a revival of classical influence.
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which best states how major works produced during the High Renaissance, such as Mona Lisa, affected European culture? -major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized beauty and led to a revival of classical influence. - major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized spirituality and led to a revival of church influence. -major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized naturalism and led to a revival of secular influence. -major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized science and led to a revival of scientific influence
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women has little political or economic power
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which statement about women's power during the Renaissance is true? -women had great political power but little economic power -women had great political and economic power -women had little political or economic power. -women had great economic power but little political power.
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naturalism
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the focus on the visible world in Renaissance art was called -naturalism -materialism -secularism -classicalism
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a refusal to accept the spread of Protestantism
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the quotation from the Council of Trent is most likely about -a refusal to accept the spread of Protestantism -a vote of support for the Church of England - a call to arms against the Catholic Church - a desire to end the sale of indulgences
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Henry VIII
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Who started the Reformation in England? - John Calvin -Henry VIII -Martin Luther -John Wycliffe
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political and economic reasons
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in addition to an interest in religious reform, the princes of Germany supported Martin Luther's ideas for -cultural and social reasons - political and economic reasons -ethical and philosophical reasons -educational and intellectual reasons
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developing new, realistic techiques
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Jan Van Eyck contributed to Renaissance art by -developing new, realistic techniques -painting realistic watercolors of animals. - developing precise, stylistic techniques. - painting realistic watercolors of landscapes.
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decorate religious spaces
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unlike during the Medieval period, church leaders commissioned works of art during the Renaissance to -teach religious lessons -reward church supporters -demonstrate church wealth -decorate religious spaces
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fear and cruelty
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in The Prince, Machiavelli argues that leaders maintain power through -kindness and strength -love and kindness -selfishness and discipline -fear and cruelty
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humanism helped Europeans believe in their own potential
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which best explains how humanism affected the way Europeans thought about themselves? -humanism helped Europeans believe in their own potential -humanism helped Europeans strengthen their religious beliefs -humanism helped Europeans create classical works of art -humanism helped Europeans reject classical beliefs
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Calvin taught his followers that human beings needed to follow strict rules to overcome their nature and do good
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which statement best defines the teachings of John Calvin? -Calvin taught his followers that salvation could be achieved through faith, but not through good works. -Calvin taught his followers that human beings needed to follow strict rules to overcome their nature and do good. -Calvin taught his followers that they could reduce punishment for their sins by giving generously to the church. -Calvin taught his followers that priests and popes were closer to God than their churchgoers.
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missionaries
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during the 1500's, many Jesuits became -rebels -princes -heretics -missionaries.
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Roman Inquistion
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created a list of books churchgoers were forbidden to read
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Peace of Augsburg
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ended conflict between German princes and Holy Roman Emperor
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Lutherans
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these people had to change their religion or leave the state if a German prince decided a state was Catholic in issues.
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Agreement reached by Council of Trent
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seminars should be established to train priests.
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Great Peasants Revolt
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Goal of ____ ____ ____ was to take wealth away from the Roman Catholic Church.
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Counter Reformation
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beginning of Catholic Reformation Council of Trent foudning Jesuit order Protestant Reformation
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an English monarch and the Catholic pope.
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the Reformation in England stemmed from a difference of opinion between -an English priest and other church leaders -an English priest and one of his churchgoers. -an English monarch and the Catholic pope. -an English monarch and a German monarch.
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Luther taught that salvation came from faith alone, while the Church taught that both faith and good works could bring about salvation
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Which statement best compares the ideas of Martin Luther to the ideas of the Catholic Church in the 1500''s? -Luther taught that salvation came from faith alone, while the Church taught that both faith and good works could bring about salvation. -Luther taught that priests and popes were closer to God, while the Church taught that all Christians were equal in God's view. -Luther believed the Bible should remain in Latin, while the Church believed the Bible should be translated into different languages. -Luther believed people should pay for their sin to be forgiven, while the Church believed people should not pay for forgiveness
