question

Columbian Exchange

answer

The global transfer of living things; began with Columbus' first voyage

question

Jamestown

answer

Virginia Company's settlement; named for their king

question

Puritans

answer

Religious group that felt the church had kept too much catholic ritual; wanted to "purify" the church my eliminating all traces of Catholicism

question

Cash Crop

answer

Crop grown primarily for sale rather than livestock feed

question

Stono Rebellion

answer

Slave uprising. 20 slaves gathered at the Stono River and killed planter families. This scared Southern Colonists, leading to tightening of existing harsh slave laws

question

Enlightenment

answer

Movement in which philosophers valued reason and the scientific method

question

Proclamation of 1763

answer

Proclamation line along the Appalachians which colonists were not allowed to cross in order to avoid conflict with that Native Americans

question

Mercantilism

answer

Economic system in which a nation could increase its wealth and power in 2 ways: 1. By obtaining as much gold and silver as possible 2. Establishing a favorable balance of trade (sold more goods than bought)

question

French and Indian War

answer

Conflict in North America that was part of a worldwide struggle between Britain and France. Ended with the defeat of France and the transfer of French Canada to Britain

question

American Revolution

answer

Colonies' fight for independence from Britain

question

Stamp Act

answer

Act imposing a tax on documents and printed items such as wills, newspapers, and playing cards. The stamp was placed on the item to prove that the tax had been paid. It was the first tax that affected the colonists directly

question

Boston Tea Party

answer

Indians dumped 18000 pounds of East India Company's tea into the Boston Harbor

question

Boston Massacre

answer

Mob gathered in front of the Boston Customs House and taunted British soldiers standing guard. Shots were fired and 5 colonists were killed are morally wounded

question

Sam Adams

answer

One of the founders of the Sons of Liberty. Led the colonists to boycott British goods. I think we need more information on him so again, if anyone finds anything else important post it on the wall.

question

Lexington and Concord

answer

Paul Revere and a few others rode out to spread the word that 700 British troops were headed for Concord. When the British reached Lexington (5 miles before Concord) one of the colonists (minutemen) fired and the British soldiers began shooting. When the British reached Concord they found an empty arsenal and began their retreat back to Boston. The retreat became a slaughter between the colonists and the British.

question

European assistance during the revolution

answer

Prussia and France

question

Declaration of Independence

answer

Declared independence from Britain

question

Great Compromise

answer

Offered a two-house congress to satisfy both small and big states

question

Ratification

answer

The official approval of the constitution, or an amendment, by the states

question

Powers of Congress

answer

Age 88 has all of them. I'm not sure which ones we need to know so just read over all of them.

question

The Elastic Clause

answer

Clause that stretches the power of the government. The power to "make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the powers that the Constitution enumerates"

question

Republicanism

answer

Government in which citizens rule through their elected representatives

question

Bill of rights

answer

The first ten amendments to the Constitution. Consist of a formal list of citizens' rights and freedoms

question

Checks and Balances

answer

The provisions in the Constitution that prevent any branch of the government from dominating the other two branches

question

Washington's cabinet

answer

Secretary of state-Thomas Jefferson, treasury- Alexander Hamilton War-Henry Knox

question

Alien and Sedition

answer

Four measures, three of which raised residents' requirement for US citizenship from 5 yrs to 14 yrs, and allowed the president to deport or jail any alien he considered undesirable. The fourth set fines and jail terms for anyone trying to hinder the operation or who spoke out against the government.

question

Nullification

answer

States had the right to consider void any act of congress that they deemed unconstitutional.

question

Electoral college

answer

Instead of choosing president directly, each state choose a group of electors who would cast ballots for presidential candidates.

question

Thomas Jefferson

answer

Virginia lawyer who was chosen to prepare the final draft of the Declaration of Independence. Add more to this.

question

Marbury v. Madison

answer

Court case that results in judicial review- the right for the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional.

question

Monroe Doctrine

answer

A policy of US opposition to any European interference in the affairs of the western hemisphere announced by president Monroe.

question

War of 1812

answer

Against Great Britain because they threatened American Shipping.

question

John Quincy Adams

answer

Beat Andrew Jackson, appointed Henry Clay as Secretary of State. Conflict between Jackson and Clay tore apart the Democratic-Republican party.

question

Missouri comp

answer

Maine was admitted as a free state and Missouri as slave, the rest of the Louisiana Territory was split into two parts.

question

Judicial Review

answer

The right for the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional.

question

Trail of Tears

answer

The forced march the Cherokee followed from Georgia to the Indian Territory

question

Seneca Falls Convention

answer

Women's rights convention wanted women's suffrage

question

Nat Turner

answer

Led a rebellion of him and 50 other slaves, they attacked 4 plantations and killed 60 whites; he was eventually captured and executed.

question

Transcendentalism

answer

Emphasized that truth could be discovered intuitively by observing nature and relating it to emotions and spiritual experiences.

question

Frederick Douglass

answer

Escaped from bondage to become an outspoken critic of slavery. He began his own antislavery newspaper called the North Star.

question

Compromise of 1850 (to please the North)

answer

California is admitted as a free state.

question

Compromise of 1850 (to please the South)

answer

More effective fugitive slave law is put into effect

question

Compromise of 1850 (to please both sides)

answer

Popular sovereignty in Utah territories or New Mexico.

question

Popular Sovereignty

answer

The right to vote for or against slavery

question

Dred Scott Decision

answer

Not only permitted extension of slavery, but guaranteed it. Just because you are in a free state, you are not a free man. Taney argues that Scott had no grounds to go to court because he was not a citizen he was property, 5th amendment supports him.

question

John Brown's raid

answer

Abolitionist who led a group of abolitionists into Harper's Ferry.

question

Brown's Goal

answer

Seize federal arsenal and start a slave uprising. Revolutionary because it was the first time white and black men were willing to die for slavery.

question

Harriet Beecher Stowe

answer

White female author of Uncle Tom's Cabin. The book criticized slavery and the South took it as a criticism of their way of life.

question

Free Soil Movement

answer

Opposed extension of blacks into the Northern territory, because they feared competition for jobs would drive down wages.

question

Lincoln's Reconstruction

answer

Government would pardon all confederated who would swear allegiance to the Union. As soon as 10% of those who had voted took this oath, a confederate state could form a new state government and send representatives and senators to congress.

question

Andrew Johnson

answer

Plan tried to break the planter's power by excluding high ranking Confederates and wealthy Southern landowners from taking the oath. He believed that white men alone must manage the South.

question

Enforcement Act

answer

One act provided for the federal supervision of elections in Southern states. The other act gave the president the power to use federal troops in areas where the clan was active. These acts were made to curtail.

question

Carpetbaggers

answer

Northerners who moved to the South after the war. They got the name from the misconception that they arrived with so few belongings that they carried everything in small traveling bags made of carpet.

question

14th amendment

answer

Defined citizenship, prevented states from denying rights and privileges to any natural born citizen. (1868)

question

19th amendment

answer

Women's suffrage (1921)

question

26th amendment

answer

Set a minimum voting age of 18 for all federal, state and local elections. (1971)

question

Sharecroppers

answer

Landowners divided their land and assigned each head of household a few acres along with season tools.

question

15th amendment

answer

No one can be kept from voting because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

question

Reconstruction act of 1876

answer

Divided the former Confederate states into 5 military districts. The states were required to grant African American the vote and to ratify the 14 Amendment to reenter the Union.

question

End of Reconstruction

answer

Ended without much real progress

question

Texas Revolution

answer

The rebellion in which Texas gained its Independence from Mexico.

question

Mexican War

answer

War with the U.S. Need more information on this.

question

James K. Polk

answer

1844 presidential race, he was a slaveholder who firmly favored the annexation of Texas.

question

Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

answer

Treaty ending the U.S. war with Mexico in which Mexico ceded California and New Mexico to the United States.

question

Treaty of Velasco

answer

Granted independence to Texas.

question

Sam Houston

answer

Texan rebels commander and chief. Elected president of the new republic of Texas.

question

Spanish-American War

answer

The US went to war to help Cuba win its independence from Spain.

question

Populist party platform

answer

Economic reforms included increase in money supply, graduated tax income, and a federal loan program. Their changes attracted struggling farmers and laborers. Their programs became the platform of the Democratic Party.

question

Manifest Destiny

answer

Belief that the US would inevitably expand Westward to the Pacific ocean and into Mexican territory.

question

Imperialism

answer

The policy of extending a nation's authority over other countries by economic, political, or military means.

question

Roosevelt Corollary

answer

Extension of the Monroe Doctrine, US claimed the right to protect its economic interests by means of military intervention in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere.

question

Panama Canal

answer

Provided a shortcut between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and was built because the US supported Panama's independence from Columbia.

question

The Jungle

answer

Opening people's eyes to harsh working conditions

question

Progressivism

answer

Movement seeking to control the government to the people to restore economic opportunities and to correct injustices in American life.

question

Mexican Independence

answer

Occurred in 1821

question

Prohibition

answer

Period in which alcohol was banned.

question

NWP

answer

Alice Paul, different tactics: 1. Painstaking organization 2. Close ties between local state and national workers. 3. Wide base of support 4.Cautious lobbing 5. Lady-like behavior.

question

Push

answer

Religious persecution, war activity, and oppressive government encouraged immigrants to move to America.

question

Pull

answer

New jobs opportunities encouraged immigrants to move to America

question

Central powers

answer

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire

question

Allies

answer

France, Britain, and Russia

question

Long-Term Causes of World War I

answer

Militarism, Alliance system, Imperialism, Nationalism. (M.A.I.N)

question

Immediate Cause of World War I

answer

Assassination of archduke Franz Ferdinand.

question

Espionage and Sedition

answer

Two laws that imposed harsh penalties on anyone interfering with or speaking against US participation in WW1.

question

Wilson's 14 Point Plan

answer

Plan for world peace. First 5 were issues he believed had to be addressed to prevent another war. The next 8 dealt with boundary changes. 14th called for the creation of an international organization to address diplomatic crisis.

question

Treaty of Versailles

answer

Peace treaty at the end of WWI which established the new nations, borders, and war reparations.

U.S. History Terms (Finals) – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards