Topic 5- Periodic Table (Chemistry)
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Classifying Elements
answer
-Mendeleev aranged elements in usable manner (arranged by atomic mass) -Periodic Law: Properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic #'s
question
Arrangement of the Periodic Table
answer
Periods- are the horizontal rows
question
GROUPS
answer
each elemeent in these vertical columns has the SAME number of VALENCE ELECTRONS and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
question
Metals
answer
-Group 1 and 2= most active -metallic properties increase from top to bottom -Fr is the most active -To the LEFT of the zigzag
question
General Properties of Metals
answer
-Solids at room temp. (Hg is a liquid) -Densities greater than water (only group 1 floats) -malleable -ductile (can be pulled into wire) -luster (shiny) -good conductors of hear and electricity -low ionization and electronegativity -LOSE ELECTRONS TO FORM POSITIVE IONS WITH SMALLER RADII
question
Transition Elements
answer
-Metals in the Valley -hard solids with high melting points -multiple oxidation states -form ions that have COLOR
question
METALLOIDS
answer
-AKA semimetals -both metallic and nonmetallic properties -staircase -TOUCH the zigzag
question
NONMETALS PROPERTIES
answer
-To the RIGHT of the zigzag (except noble gases) -most gases or molecular solids -not malleable -not ductile -lack luster -poor conductors of heat and electricity -High ionzation energy and electronegativity -gain electrons to form negative ions with larger radii -brittle
question
NOBLE GASES- Inert Gases
answer
-Group 18 -do not have all properties of nonmetals -unreactive -COMPLETE OCTET (8 valence electrons) -Stable -All the other elements want to be like the noble gases
question
Allotropes
answer
...
question
Ionization Energy
answer
-amount if energy needed to remove the most loosely bound electrons -more electrons to remove require more energy TRENDS: -left to Right= INCREASES -top to bottom= DECREASES
question
Atomic Radii
answer
-good measure of the size of an atom TRENDS: -left to right: DECREASES -Top to Bottom- INCREASES
question
Ionic Radii
answer
Metals LOSE electrons to be ions. Radius is SMALLER Nonmetals GAIN electrons to be ions. Radius is BIGGER
question
Electronegativity
answer
LEFT TO RIGHT- INCREASE TOP TO BOTTOM- DECREASE
question
Group 1 & 2
answer
Group 1- Alkali Metals Group 2- Alkali-Earth Metals Easily lose electrons Low ionization energy and electronegativity energy Top to Bottom- more reactive Group 1 more reactive than group 2
question
Group 15
answer
Am means nitrogen is present
question
Group 16
answer
CHALCOGENS -diatomic molecule (2 atoms) -oxidation state= -2
question
Group 17
answer
HALOGENS contains all 3 types of matter reactive
question
Group 18
answer
NOBLE GASES monatomic- 1 atom -stable -unreactive
question
REACTION BETWEEN GROUPS
answer
Group 1 + 17 formula is XM Group 2 + 17 formula is XM₂
