question

is any criminal action perpetrated primarily through the use of a computer

answer

cybercrime

question

individuals who use computers, networks, and the internet to perpetrate crime

answer

cybercriminals

question

a partnership between the FBI and the National WHite Collar Crime Center

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Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3)

question

occurs when a thief steals your name, address, SSN, birth date, bank account, and credit card information and runs up debts in your name

answer

identity theft

question

Who identified these other methods that theives could use to obtain information? -stealing purses and wallets -stealing mail posing as bank or credit card company reps

answer

The Federal Trade Commission

question

a computer program that attatches itself to another computer program and attempts to spread to other computers when files are excahnged

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virus

question

What is the program that the virus attatches itself to?

answer

host

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why are computer viruses threatening?

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they are engineered to evade detection

question

what is a computer virus's main purpose?

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to replicate itself and copy its code into as many other host files as possible

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replicates itself into a hard drive's master boot record

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boot-sector virus

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a program that executes whenever a computer boots up, ensuring the virus will be loaded into memory immediately

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master boot record

question

How are most boot-sector viruses transmitted?

answer

by a flash drive left in a USB port

question

is a vrius that is triggered when certain logical conditions are met-such as opening a file or starting a program

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logic bomb

question

a virus that is triggered by the passage of time or on a certain date

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time bomb

question

a famous time bomb that was set to trigger every year on March 6

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Michelangelo virus

question

a time bomb that spreads through email attachments

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BlackWorm virus

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take advantage of file transport methods like emails or network connects to spread

answer

worm

question

What requires human interaction to spread?

answer

viruus

question

Does a virus or a worm work more independently?

answer

worm

question

a seriees of commands that is executed without your knowledge -used to perfor useful, legitimate functions on web sites, like collecting name and address information

answer

script

question

a virus that attaches itself to a documet that uses macros

answer

macro virus

question

a short series of commands that usually automates repetitive tasks

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macro

question

use the address book in the victim's email system to distribute the virus -once the infected document is opened it triggers the virus

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e-mail viruses

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What was the first practical example of an e-mail virus?

answer

Melissa virus

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when they infect your computer they run a program that searches for common types of data files and compresses them using a complex encryption key that renders your files unusable. -then you get a message that asks you to send money to an account

answer

encrytion viruses

question

changes its own code or periodically rewrites itself to avoid detection

answer

polymorphic virus

question

designed to infect multiple file types in an effort to fool the antivirus software that is looking for it

answer

multipartite virus

question

temporarily erase their code from the files where they reside and then hide in the active memory of the computer

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stealth virus

question

What are some of the ways you know your computer can be infected with a virus?

answer

-existing programs icons suddenly disappear -if you start a browser and it take you to an unusual home page -odd messages pop up -data files become corrupt -programs stop working -your system slows down

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is specifically designed to detect viruses and protect your computer and files from harm

answer

antivirus software

question

a portion of the virus code that is unique to a particular computer virus

answer

virus signature

question

-antivirus software scans files when theyre opened or executed -if it detects a virus signature it stops the execution of the file -it also places the virus in a secure area on your hard drive.

answer

quarantining

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the antivirus software records key attributes about files on your computer and keeps these statistics in a safe place on your hard drive

answer

inoculation

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-viruses on websites -is common and affects almost 1 in 1000 web pages

answer

drive-by downloads

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most commonly defined as anyone who unlawfully breaks into a computer system

answer

hacker

question

hackers who break into systems for non-malicious reasons

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white-hat hackers

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the more villainous hackers

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black-hat hackers

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-cross between white and black -they will often illegally break into systems merely to flaunt their expertise

answer

gray-hat hackers

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data travels through the internet in small pieces called this

answer

packet

question

how are the packets identified?

answer

IP address

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a computer program deployed by hackers that looks at each packet as it travels on the internet

answer

packet analyzer (sniffer)

question

a program that appears to be something useful or desirable but while it runs does something malicious in the background without your knowledge

answer

Trojan horse

question

are programs that allow hackers to gain access to your computer and take almost complete control of it without your knowledge

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backdoor program or rootkits

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a computer that a hacker controls in this manner -used to launch denial-of-service attacks on other computer

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zombie

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legitimate users are denied access to a computer system because a hacker is repeatedly making requests of that computer system through a computer he or she has taken over as a zombie

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denial-of-service (DoS) attack

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which launches DoS attacks from more than one zombie at the same time

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distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack

question

is a large group of software programs that runs autonomously on zombie computers

answer

botnet

question

are virtual communications gateways or paths that allow a computer to organize requests for information

answer

logical ports

question

the protocol used for sending email on the internet

answer

SMTP

question

a software program or hardware device designed to protect computers from hackers

answer

firewall

question

a firewall specifically designed for home networks

answer

personal firewall

question

How do firewalls protect you?

answer

-blocking access to logical ports -keeping your computer's network address secure

question

firewalls filter out packets sent to specific logical ports

answer

packet filtering

question

firewals can be configured to ignore requests that originate from the internet asking for access to these ports

answer

logical port blocking

question

unique address code

answer

internet protocol address (IP address)

question

assign internal IP addresses on a network

answer

network address translation (NAT)

question

Virus and hacking attacks against Linux are far less likely than attacks against Windows

answer

true

question

a device that reads a unique personal characteristic such as a fingerprint or the iris pattern in your eye and converts its pattern to a digital code

answer

biometric authentication device

question

is software that has a malicious intent

answer

malware

question

What the three primary forms of malware?

answer

adware spywarre viruses

question

is software that displays sponsored advertisements in a section of your browser window or as a pop-up ad box

answer

adware

question

is an unwanted piggyback program that usually downloads with other software you want to install from the Internet -it runs in the background of your system

answer

spyware

question

monitors keystrokes with the intent of stealing passwords, login IDs, or credit card information

answer

keystroke logger (keylogger)

question

unwanted or junk email

answer

spam

question

unsolicited instant messages and are a form of spam

answer

spim

question

can catch as much as 95% of spam by checking incoming e-mail subject headers and senders' addresses against databases of known spam

answer

spam filters

question

small text files that some web sites automatically store on your computer's hard drive when you visit them

answer

cookies

question

What are the three major threats your data on your computer faces?

answer

unauthorized access tampering destruction

question

are copies of files that you can use to replace the originals if they are lost or damanged

answer

backups

question

is used to install software and usually comes on DVDs or is downloaded from the Internet

answer

program file

question

a file you have created or purched -include files such as research papers, spreadsheets, music files, movies, etc

answer

data file

question

What would you perform in order to back up all files on your computer?

answer

image backup

question

involveds backing up only files that have changed or been created since the last backup was performed

answer

incremental backup

question

means that all system, application, and data files are backed up

answer

image backup

question

What is the more efficient backup?

answer

incremental backups

question

any technique that uses social skills to generate human interaction that entices individuals to reveal sensitive information

answer

social engineering

question

involves creating a scenario that sounds legitimate enough that someone will trust you

answer

pretexting

question

lures Internet users to reveal personal information such as credit card numbers, SSN, or other sensitive information that can lead to identity theft

answer

phishing

question

when malicious code is planted on your computer that alters your browser's ability to find web addresses.

answer

pharming

question

a type of malware that is downloaded onto your computer and tries to convince you that your computer is infect with a virus or other type of malware.

answer

scareware

question

an attempt to make someone believe something that is untrue.

answer

hoax

question

when hoaxes become so well known and they are accepted by society as true events even though they are false

answer

urban legend

question

is a device that protects your computer against power surges

answer

surge protector

question

bleed off excess current during minor surges and feed it to the ground wire

answer

Metal-oxide varistors

question

function like other surge protectors but they protect all electrical devices in the house

answer

whole house surge protector

question

a device that contains surge protection equipment and a large battery -when power is interrupted, the UPS continues to send power to the attached computer from its battery

answer

uninterruptible power supply (UPS)

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