The Science of Psychology – Flashcards
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Watson and Skinner are associated with which school of Psychology?
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Behaviorism
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What makes Psychology a science is:
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The method that is uses
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At the end of an experiment, subjects must undergo ______, which means the subjects must be told the purposes of the research after it is concluded and any deceptive procedures should be explained.
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Debriefing
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True or false: It is never acceptable to use deception in ethical research.
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False
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The variable in an experiment that is measured, or considered the output is:
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Dependent variable
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Participants in research early in psychology's history might have been asked to view a chair and describe its color, shape, and texture and other aspects of their conscious experience. These individuals would have been using a method called _________.
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Introspection
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After reading about the possible causes of schizophrenia, a scientist thinks that a virus is the most likely cause. What term most accurately describes the scientist's idea?
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Hypothesis
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Freud stressed the importance of _________________.
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Early childhood experiences
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On a television talk show an actor describes the symptoms of anxiety he has been experiencing. He reports that the severity of the symptoms has decreased since he has been taking a drug prescribed by his therapist back in Hollywood. You conclude that the actor's therapist is probably a _________________
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Psychiatrist
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A researcher is investigating the effects of exercise on weight. What are the independent and dependent variables in this experiment?
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The dependent variable is weight; the independent variable is exercise.
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A variable that the experimenter manipulates is called a(n) _____________.
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Independent variable
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Ken is planning on studying the influence of intelligence on the ability to recall events from the 1960s. If Ken does not account for variables such as age that could also influence one's ability to recall these events, age could be considered a(n) __________________.
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Confounding variable
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A(n) __________ is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.
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Correlation
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The question "What is happening?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology?
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Description
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Experimenters can justify the use of deception because ___________.
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It may be necessary for the experiment to work
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What is the most accurate definition of the discipline of psychology?
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The science of behavior and mental processes
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You attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as free will, human nature, and self-actualization. Which psychological perspective is most consistent with the points the psychologist presented?
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Humanism
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The belief that the unconscious mind has an influence on one's behavior is part of what early field of psychology?
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Psycholoanalysis
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In 1879, in Leipzig, Germany, the first psychological laboratory was developed by ______________.
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Wilhelm Wundt
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A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called ______________________.
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A case study
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The question "When will it happen again?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology?
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Prediction
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______________________ is an experiment in which neither the participants nor the individuals running the experiment know if participants are in the experimental or the control group until after the results are tallied.
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The double-blind study
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The psychodynamic perspective was based on the work of ________________.
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Freud
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If you are interested in how patterns, beliefs, and customs influence behavior, you are interested in the __________ perspective.
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Sociocultural
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A researcher stops people at the mall and asks them questions about their attitudes toward gun control. Which research technique is being used?
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Survey
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An operational definition is ___________________.
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The precise meaning of a term used to describe a variable, such as a type of behavior, that researchers want to measure
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The goals of psychology are to _____.
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Describe, understand, predict, and control behavior
