The Musculoskeletal System – Medical Terms and Definitions – Flashcards
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osteocyte
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mature osteoblast
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collagen
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fibrous insoluble protein in white fibers of connective tissue
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periosteum
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specialized connective tissue covering all bones
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endosteum
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connective tissue membrane lining the medullary cavity of bone
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medullary
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pertaining to bone marrow
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diaphysis
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shaft of a bone
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epiphysis
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end of a long bone
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ossification
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formation of bone
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calcification
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deposit of calcium salts within bony tissue
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axis
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straight line passing through center of body
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axial
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forming an axis
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appendicular
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pertaining to appendage
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skeleton
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bony framework of body consisting 206 bones
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skeletal
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pertaining to the skeleton
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cranium
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the skull
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frontal
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pertaining to the forehead
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parietal
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pertaining to two bones that form roof and upper sides of cranium
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temporal
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pertaining to the temple
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occipital
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pertaining to the back & most lower base of skull
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sphenoid
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pertaining to bones that extend behind eyes
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ethmoid
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pertaining to delicate bone that forms the internal nasal structure
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suture
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one of the jagged seams that unite the adjoining bones of the skull
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fontanel
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space located at the junction of the sutures in the skull of an infant
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sinus
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one of the eight air-filled cavities in the skull that communicate with the nasal cavity
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orbital
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pertaining to eye socket
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zygoma
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the cheekbone
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maxilla
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one pair of bones forming the upper jaw
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maxillary
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pertaining to upper jaw bone
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mandible
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lower jaw bone
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mandibular
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pertaining to lower jaw bone
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nasal
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pertaining to the nose
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vertebra
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a backbone
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intervertebral
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situated between two adjacent vertebrae
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cervical
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pertaining to the neck
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thoracic
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pertaining to the chest
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lumbar
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pertaining to the loin
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sacrum
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large triangular bone near the lower end of spinal column
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coccyx
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tail bone at end of spinal column
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coccygeal
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pertaining to tail bone
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costa
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a rib
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intercostal
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between the ribs
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sternum
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the breastbone
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manubrium
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upper portion of the sternum
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xiphoid process
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lower end of sternum
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pelvis
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ring of bone at the base of spinal column
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pelvic
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pertaining to pelvic bone
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ilium
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uppermost bone of each pelvic bone
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ischium
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inferoposterior bone of each pelvic
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pubis
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inferoanterior bone of each hip bone
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symphysis pubis
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cartilaginous joint formed by union of 2 pubic bones at midline
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clavicle
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collarbone
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clavicular
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pertaining to collar bone
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scapula
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shoulder blade
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glenoid
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socket-like
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acromion
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lateral extension of projecting spine of the scapula
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humerus
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upper arm bone
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radius
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shorter and thicker of the two forearm bones located on the side of the thumb
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uina
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forearm bone on the side of the little finger
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carpus
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eight bones of the wrist
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metacarpus
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five bones of the hand between the wrist and fingers
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phalanx
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any bone of a finger or toe
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acetabulum
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hip socket
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os innominatum
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nameless bone
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os coxae
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hip bone
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femur
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thigh bone
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patella
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knee-cap
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tibia
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shin bone
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fibula
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smaller lateral bone of lower leg
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tarsus
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the ankle
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calcaneus
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the heel bone
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metatarsus
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part of the foot between the tarsus and toes
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phalangeal
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pertaining to phalanx
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condyle
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knobby projection at the end of a bone that fits into a joint
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malleolus
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bony projection on either side of the ankle joint
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fossa
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depression in a bone or other structure
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olecranon
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process of the ulna forming the bony prominence of the elbow
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foramen
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natural opening that may pass through the bone
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meatus
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tube-shaped passage
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mastoid
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formed like a breast or nipple
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process
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noticeable projection of bone
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articulation
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a joint
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ligament
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a string, tie or band
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tendon
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strong cord of fibrous connective tissue that attach muscles to bones
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bursa
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a leather sac
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meniscus
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crescent-shpaed fibrocartilage in the knee joint
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retinaculum
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a halter
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