The Japanese Invasion of Manchuria and the response of the League of Nations. – Flashcards
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Why did Japan need to invade China?
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1. The Wall St Crash sent the US economy into depression. 2. To protect the US economy, the government imposed import tariffs 3. Between 1929 and 1931 the Japanese economic production fell by 30%. 4. Japan could not import enough food because they had no money
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How was Japan ruled in 1931?
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1. It was ruled by an emperor, who was believed to be a god. 2. The army had a huge influence over the government. 3. The army believed that Japan had deserved more from the Paris Peace Conference.
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How did the army believe that Japan had been pushed around by the West?
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1. The Washington Naval Agreements of 1922. 2. Japan agreed to have only 3 ships for 5 of Britain and the USA. 3. The army believed one way to get the respect they deserved was territorial conquest.
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Why did Japan turn its attentions to Manchuria in China in 1931?
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1. Manchuria had lots of raw materials Japan lacked, for example coal and iron ore. 2. China was weak and divided into numerous mini kingdoms. 3. It already had an army in southern Manchuria and owned the South Manchurian Railway. 4. China agreed to be in Japan's sphere of influence
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What was the spark of the Manchurian Crisis?
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1. Sept 1931 - an explosion on the South Manchurian Railway, near Mukden. 2. The Japanese army said it was an act of sabotage, China denied this. 3. Japan took the opportunity to take full control of Manchuria and forced the Chinese to withdraw from the area.
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What did the Japanese do once they had Manchuria in their grasp?
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1. Feb 1932 - Japan set up a puppet government. 2. Manchuria was renamed Manchukuo. 3. They put the last Chinese emperor, Pu Yi, in control.
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How did the League respond to the Japanese taking of Manchuria?
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1. Japan said it needed to maintain order in China. 2. The League listened to the Chinese claims.
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Why didn't the League condemn Japan for invading another country?
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1. It needed to tread carefully: a) China was in chaos and Japan was a permanent member of the League's Council. b) Japan had, however, used military aggression to achieve its goals.
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What did the League decide to do?
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1. It instructed Japan to withdraw its troops.
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How did Japan react to the League's instruction to leave Manchuria?
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1. It took further control of the area.
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How did the League react to Japan's refusal to leave Manchuria?
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1. They set up a commission of inquiry under Lytton. 2. It was to travel to Manchuria, gather information and produce a report. 3. It was published in October 1932, a year after the initial incident.
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What did Lytton's report suggest the League should do with Japan?
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1. It was firmly in favour of China. 2. All the League's members, except Japan, accepted the report. 3. Japan disagreed and left the League.
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What did Japan do once it had left the League in 1932?
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1. It continued to invade China.
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How did the League respond to Japan's further invasion of China?
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1. Nothing 2. It couldn't impose sanctions as Japan's chief trading partner was the USA. 3. Britain was worried that sanctions would harm British trade in the East.
