The Early Middle Ages Crossword Puzzle – Flashcards
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name given to the Early Middle Ages because learning and civilization declined
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The Dark Ages
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a tax charged by the church
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tithe
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armored warriors who fought on horseback
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knights
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King of the Franks; "the Great"
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Charlemagne
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the feudal ceremony in which a vassal received land from a lord
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investiture
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the leader of a monastery
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abbot
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the code of conduct developed by feudal nobles
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chivalry
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a piece of land given to a vassal by a lord
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fief
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removed last of do-nothing kings
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Pepin
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women who lived in convents and devoted their lives to prayer
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nuns
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treaty that divided Charlemagne's empire into three kingdoms
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Verdun
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the head of the Catholic Church
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pope
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communities in which groups of Christian men gave up all their private possessions and lived very simply , devoting their lives to worship and prayer
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monasteries
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a lord's estate, from which his family gained its livelihood
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manor
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invaders of Europe from Scandinavia
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Vikings (Norsemen)
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Frankish leader who defeated the Muslims in Spain at the Battle of Tours in 732
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Charles Martel
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A political and military system based on the holding of land
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feudalism
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Pope who crowned Charlemagne "Emperor of the Romans" in 800
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Pope Leo III
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Monk who established a strict set of rules for monastic life
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St. Benedict
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peasants bound to a manor
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serfs
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men who lived in monasteries
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monks
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a person who received land from a lord
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vassal
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cause of hundred years' war
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Edward III of England claimed the French throne
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who saved France during the hundred years' war
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Joan of Arc
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what gave England an advantage in the hundred years' war
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longbow
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war of the roses was between
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House of York and House of Lancaster
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what was the result of the war of the roses
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Henry Tudor marrying Elizabeth of York and being crowned King Henry VII
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what was the effect of the War of the Roses
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a powerful monarchy in England was established
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which country won the hundred years' war
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France
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an association of people who work at the same occupation
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guild
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wandering poets who etertained at feudal castles
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troubadours
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skilled workers who made goods by hand
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artisans
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in medieval Europe, people who lived in towns rather than in rural areas
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burgesses
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a person whose ideas were incorrect in the opinion of the church
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heretic
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an order of friars who took their name from a Spanish priest who walked barefoot through southern France preaching against herecy
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Dominicans
