Arterial Blood Pressure Flashcards, test questions and answers

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What is Arterial Blood Pressure?

Arterial Blood Pressure (ABP) is a measure of the pressure in the arteries that occurs when the heart pumps blood into them. The pressure of this blood is created by the contraction and relaxation of the heart, which propels it through the arteries. ABP can be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). It is an important indicator of cardiovascular health and can be used to help diagnose and monitor many medical conditions.When measuring ABP, two numbers are given: systolic (the higher number) and diastolic (the lower number). Systolic pressure indicates how much force is being exerted on vessel walls during a contraction of the heart; diastolic pressure indicates how much force is being exerted on vessel walls during a relaxation period. An average reading for adults should range between 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg. If either or both numbers exceed these ranges, it may indicate hypertension or hypotension, both of which can have serious implications for one’s health if left untreated. Hypertension occurs when ABP remains high over time, causing strain on vessels walls that can lead to damage to organs and other body systems due to lack of oxygen or nutrients they require from circulation. Common causes include stress, poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking or alcohol consumption. Untreated hypertension increases risk for stroke and coronary artery disease as well as other medical conditions related to vascular health like atherosclerosis (hardening of arteries), kidney failure, vision loss etc. Hypotension occurs when ABP drops below normal levels over time creating not enough pressure within vessels for efficient circulation leading to dizziness or fainting spells due to lack oxygen reaching brain cells as well as low energy levels caused by insufficient delivery other vital nutrients needed throughout body tissues. Common causes include dehydration from prolonged exercise without sufficient hydration afterwards; certain medications like blood pressure-lowering medications; certain nutritional deficiencies; pregnancy-related issues; extreme emotional states like shock caused by trauma etc.