Flashcards on Speech

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Blind Style managers
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Thrive in situations in which they can demonstrate their expertise and experience. Someone you can depend on to get the job done, someone to train the group of overconfident new hires, someone who can command authority in a crisis
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Hidden management style
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Are interested in people, are good listeners and are generally well liked. Its very important to them that everyone gets along and that conflicts are avoided
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Withdrawing/avoidance
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By employing this strategy, this person: Fells equally little concern for others and for self; places low value on both assertiveness and cooperation. Maintains neutrality at all costs, views conflicts as worthless. tends to communicate in the closed style
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Hidden communicator motivations
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Often hide their feelings and knowledge from others
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Closed communicator motivations
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Simply feel more comfortable working with things rather than people. Remain safe by avoiding decision making
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Open communicator motivations
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Tend to use both disclosure and feedback nd are equally interested in peoples needs and company productivity. usually develop quality relationships and increase productivity
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Quality employee-boss relationships
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Make expectations clear, utilize the reciprocal nature of relationships and maintain mutual trust and respect
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What should people do when daydreaming becomes a problem?
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Good listeners use "spare" time to ponder the speakers ideas, to evaluate the quality of evidence, and to commit important ideas to memory
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What listening skills are needed when listening to one's boss?
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Maintaining good eye contact, relaxed posture, shaking the head, and making responsive sounds. Be wary of giving advise, build off your superiors ideas, know how to praise appropriately, don't criticize your superiors
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Sensing stage
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Listeners select or ignore one or more stimuli from the multitude of stimuli that bombard us constantly
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Interpreting stage
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Listeners assign meaning to the messages that they have seen, heard, and felt.
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Evaluating stage
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Listeners "think about the message, make more extensive inferences, evaluate and judge the speaker and the message"
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Responding stage
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When listeners have sensed, interpreted, and evaluated you and your ideas
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Four Barriers to listening
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Physical, personal, gender, and semantic
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What does effective listening require?
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Listening to customers, employees, supervisors, and co-workers
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What causes poor listening?
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Breaking the chain of command, learning about events too late, always putting out fires. If information must be repeated, tasks given to others. These increase in written communication
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Nonverbal communication
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All intentional and unintentional messages that are not written, spoken, or sounded.
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In Japan nodding the head shows what?
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Only that the message was received. Not necessarily agreed upon
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Edward T. Hall's technical level of culture
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The rules for cultural and nonverbal behaviors are openly known and easily stated by most citizens of a particular culture. These rules, as well as, the reasons for these rules are deliberately taught, such as new employee orientation. When a technical rule or behavior is broken unintentionally, very little emotion is involved, the mistake is corrected.
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Informal level of culture
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Neither the rules for behavior nor the reason for the rules are taught, they are unconsciously learned by imitation. Includes rules for nonverbal behaviors, such as gestures, eye contact, status, office size, and the proper distance for conversations. When someone breaks these rules we become uncomfortable and often withdraw from the situation.
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What is the most expressive part of the face?
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The Eyes.
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How far would individuals who are conducting a business transaction and know each other stand apart?
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Social distance, 4-7 feet.
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What seating arrangement will individuals participate in as a group?
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Seated in a circular pattern.
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Emblems
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Are intentional body movements and gestures that carry an exact verbal meaning. For example, if no words accompanied an obscene gesture, the chances are good that you would understand its meaning.
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Adaptors
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Are habitual gestures and movements we use in times of discomfort (scratching your nose during a presentation). Usually contradict the message we wish to send.
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What is included in Business casual?
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includes dark colors, simple classic lines, long sleeve and quality fabrics, high quality shoes in immaculate condition, all leather tie shoes for men and classic closed shoes with moderate heels for women, shiny hair professional cut,.
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Small groups size?
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3-8 and 5 is most productive
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Groupthink
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Uncritical way of thinking, often characteristic of groups in which the desire to avoid conflict and reach agreement is more important than careful consideration of alternatives.
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Panel Discussion
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When a small group of well-informed individuals discusses a topic before a larger group and then a discussion with the audience follows.
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Esteem needs
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pride, recognition from others, status and prestige, and self-recognition. If unfulfilled we may experience loss of confidence, low self-image, or self-doubt.
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How can a speaker encourage audience involvement?
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relevancy, fun and activities, commonality and emotion, graphics and charts.
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When do you cite your sources?
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After the information is presented. Cite the source before the evidence only if you know the listeners consider the source a highly credible one
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The number of employees a manager can effectively supervise.
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Span of control, no more than 5 or 6.
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Human relations
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concern with social and psychological needs of employees. downward supportive communication important, informal communication acknowledged
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Bureaucratic management
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concerned with administrative efficiency. one person in charge. pyramid. policies are written. decisions are written. relationships with employees are impersonal
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Human resources
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emphasis on workers and management, a team-based orientation. openness and trust in superior- subordinate communication very important, information and feedback flow freely up, down and across the organization, informal communication encouraged
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traditional/classic model
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concern with reducing production cost and administrative efficiency. limited communication, restricted to downward use by managers
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quality circle
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used in human resources model
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fayol's bridge
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horizontal communication, a method of bypassing the chain of command. faster
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theory-z
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company adapts its management style to the existing employee culture
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organizational culture
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gives members a sense of identity, makes them feel a part of the whole and therefore are more committed
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open communicators
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interested in people's needs and company productivity. discloses and seeks feedback excessively. productive. genuinely cares for others
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When listening to a public speaker or class lecturer, identify each of the speakers main points with?
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key words/phrases
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physical barriers
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hearing disability/other noise
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personal barriers
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illiness, other worries, attitudes
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gender barriers
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men talk longer, women decode and respond longer
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semantic barriers
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different meanings of the same words
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What is the quickest way to convey authority?
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expansive/confident movements, tall posture, relaxed behavior, ability to turn one's back, comfortable seated position, reclined. smile less often, speak with firmness, use steady eye contact, keep head straight walk slowly, turn your back to others
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