Sociology Chapter 10 Terms – Flashcards
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Race
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A category of people who share inherited physical characteristics and whom others see as being a distinct group.
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Ethnicity
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The set of cultural characteristics that distinguishes one group from another.
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Ethnic Group
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People who share a common cultural background and a common sense of identity.
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Minority Group
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A group of people who - because of their physical characteristics or cultural practices - are singled out and unequally treated.
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Discrimination
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The denial of equal treatment to individuals based on their group membership; Involves behaviors.
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Prejudice
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An unsupported generalization about a category of people; Involves attitudes.
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Legal Discrimination
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Discrimination upheld by law.
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Institutionalized Discrimination
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Dicrimination based on the outgrowth of the structure of society.
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Stereotype
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An oversimplified, exaggerated, or unfavorable generalization about a group of people.
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Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
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A prediction that results in behavior that makes the prediction come true.
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Racism
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The belief that one's own race or ethnic group is naturally superior to other races or ethnic groups.
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Scapegoating
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The practice of placing the blame for one's troubles on an innocent individual or group.
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Cultural Pluralism
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The policy that allows each group within society to keep its unique cultural identity.
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Assimilation
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The blending of culturally distinct groups into a single group with a common culture and identity.
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Segregation
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The policies that physically separate a minority group from the dominant group.
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De Jure Segregation
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Segregation based on laws.
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De Facto Segregation
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Segregation based on informal norms.
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Subjugation
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The maintaining of control over a group through force.
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Slavery
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The ownership of one person by another.
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Genocide
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When the goal of extermination is the intentional destruction of the entire targeted population.
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White Ethnics
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The collective reference to immigrants from the predominantly Catholics countries of Ireland, Italy, France, Poland, and Greece.
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Ethnic Cleansing
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Involves removing a group from a particular area through terror, expulsion, and mass murder.
