Sociology 1310 Chapter 1
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sociology
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study of human behavior in society
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all human behavior occurs in a ______.
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social context
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tools of sociologists
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observation, reasoning, and logical analysis
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disciplines
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fields of study that make up social sciences
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the ability to see the societal patterns that influences individual and group life
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sociological perspective
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wrote that the task of sociology was to understand the relationship between individuals and the society in which they live
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C. Wright Mills
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the ability to see the societal patterns that influence the individual as well as groups of individuals
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sociological imagination
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privately felt problems that spring from events or feelings in a person's life
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troubles
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affect large numbers of people and have their originas in the institutional arrangements and history of a society
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issues
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the pattern whereby many young people, after having left their family home to attend college, are returning home after graduation
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boomerang generation
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sociology is a ______ discipline
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empirical
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sociological conclusions are based on careful and systematic observations
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empirical
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looking behind the facades of everyday life
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debunking
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he was interested in the role of strangers in social groups
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Georg Simmel
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the variety of group experiences that result from the social structure of society
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diversity
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the study of group differences in society's opportunities, the shaping of social institutions by different social factors, the formation of group and individual identity, and the process of social change
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diversity
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study of different cultural orientations
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diversity
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this movement had an enormous influence on the development of modern sociology
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enlightenment
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coined the term \"sociology\"
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Auguste Comte
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this French philosopher was a positivist
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Auguste Comte
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science can be used to explain the social world
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positivism
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this French citizen thought that democratic values and the belief in human equality positively influenced American social institutions and transformed personal relationships
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Alexis de Tocqueville
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this British citizen who wrote how gender, race and social class affected people in the U.S. and G.B.
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Harriet Martineau
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French man that thought that stability of a society happens when parts of a society work together.
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Emile Durkheim
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thing in itself
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sui generis
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conducted of the first studies of suicide
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Emile Durkheim
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social patterns that are external to individuals
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social facts
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His work was devoted to explain how capitalism shaped society
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Karl Marx
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This person argued that under capitalism you find instability because of inequality in society
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Karl Marx
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burgeoisie
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owners
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proletariat
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workers
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This person theorized that society had three basic dimensions
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Max Weber
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Max Weber's three basic dimensions of society
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politcal, economical and cultural
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view things from the point of view of the other, understanding
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verstehen
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the idea that society should be viewed as an organism, a system of interrelated functions and parts that work together to create the whole
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organic metaphor
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the application of Darwinian thought to society
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social darwinism
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came up with the idea that societies are like organisms, those who survive will be those on top
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Herbert Spencer
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Because social Darwinists believed that evolution always took a course toward perfection, they advocated a _____ approach to social change.
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hands-off
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thinkers who were interested in how society shaped the mind and identity of people
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Chicago School
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developed the looking-glass self
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C.H. Cooley
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the idea that we develop an understanding of ourselves through what others think of us
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looking-glass self
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our roles are formed in relations to others
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G.H. Mead
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she believes that things could be done in society to help the less fortunate
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Jane Adams
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cofounder of the NAACP, argued that African Americans weren't inferior
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W.E.B. Du Bois
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originally a journalist, interested in urban problems and how different racial groups interacted with each other
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Robert Park
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born a slave, she wrote about women's rights and the status of African Americans in the US
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Ida B. Wells-Barnett
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theoretical frameworks that center on face-to-face social interaction
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macrosociology
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three major perspectives that sociologists use to understand society
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functionalism, conflict theory and symbolic interaction
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interprets each part of society in terms of how it contributes to the stability of the whole
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functionalism
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in this theorist's view, all parts of a social system are interrelated, with different parts of society having different basic functions
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Talcott Parsons
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this theorist suggested what is called manifest and latent functions
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Robert Merton
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stated and intended goal of social behavior
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manifest functions
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neither stated or intended
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latent functions
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emphasizes the role of coercion and power
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conflict theory
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_______ gives great attention to class, races and gender in society because these are seen as the grounds of the most pertinent and enduring struggles in society.
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conflict theory
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Instead of thinking of society in terms of abstract institutions, ___________ considers immediate social interaction to be the place where \"society\" exists.
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symbolic interaction
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_______ relies extensively on the symbolic meaning that people develop and rely on in the process of social interaction.
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symbolic interaction
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the meaning attached to things whether these are concrete symbols or nonverbal behaviors
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social constructions
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developed to understand the status of women in society and with the purpose of using that knowledge to better in women's lives
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feminist theory
