question

Functionalists examine the ____ between the media and other social institutions

answer

Structural relationship

question

Conflict theorists state that we can only fully understand the media when we

answer

Learn who controls it

question

According to the conflict theorist, media frames it's messages in such a way that it ____

answer

Supports the ruling elite

question

Barner (1999) found in an analysis of children's programming that women were typically portrayed in ____; and men were portrayed in

answer

Passive roles; active roles

question

The interactionist perspective focuses on

answer

Symbols and messages of the media

question

According to the lecture, digital divide is a symptom of a larger social problem - social inequality based on

answer

Income, educational attainment, and ethnicity/race

question

The ___ enforces US federal laws regarding indecency

answer

US federal communications commision

question

Individuals in the industrialized world devote an average of ____ hours of television every day

answer

Three

question

Girls and boys exposed to violent behavior on film or tv behave ____ immediately afterward, are ___ tolerant of aggressive behavior, and are ___ to the pain of others

answer

More aggressively; more; desensitized

question

The Federal Communications Commission was established by

answer

The Communications Act of 1934

question

The first major overhaul of the original 1934 act, the telecommunications Act of 1966 was seen as a way to

answer

Encourage competition in the communications industry

question

News executives are in control of the selection and deployment of specific reporters, the expenditure of time and resources for gathering news, and the allocation of space for the presentation of news and because they are ___ motivated

answer

Economically

question

What level of household income has more users of the internet than any other

answer

More than $75,000 per year

question

The average american spends more time on the internet than reading a daily newspaper (2012)

answer

True

question

The mass media provides people with a sense if connection that few other social institutions can offer

answer

True

question

Research has not yet linked media-violence viewing and the development of aggression among young children

answer

False

question

According to the conflict perspective, the fundamental principle in american media is to attract an audience to sell advertisers

answer

True

question

The interactionist perspective focuses on the symbols and messages of the media and how the media comes to define our reality

answer

True

question

According to sociologist Herbert Gans, women and men identified by their position in government, or by their game and fortune, does not automatically make them newsworthy

answer

False

question

It seems that despite the increasing diffusion of computers and an overall increase in internet use, there remains a deep divide between those who possess the resources, education, and skills to reap the benefits from these technologies and those who do not

answer

True

question

Households with a bachelor's degree or higher are more likely to have access to computers and the internet than those with lower levels of educational attainment

answer

True

question

Media literacy refers to the ability to sift through and analyze the messages that inform, entertain, and sell to us everyday

answer

True

question

What major US corporation owns the ABC television network

answer

Disney

question

What multinational media corporation owns the FOX network

answer

News Corp

question

What are the countless hours of watching tv in most homes casing

answer

All of the above (family members not communicating, heightened levels of aggression, promotion of obesity)

question

What are internet sites planting, on computer systems and various communication devices, that are used to track individual consumer purchases, selling this information to marketing departments, and is making the individual vulnerable to identity theft?

answer

Cookies

question

There has been a decline in overall support if the media by the public because they believe that news organizations are working primarily for ___ and not in the best interest of the general public

answer

Profit

question

While the Telecommunications Act of 1996 was seen as a way to encourage competition in the communications industry, it actually

answer

Decreased competition

question

Media had been caused of being a social problem by directing, creating, and promoting

answer

All of the above( content-images that include violence, a highly controlled process of dissemination, unequal advantage for some social groups)

question

As the ownership of all forms of media are in the process in consolidation this trend will

answer

All of the above (increase the likelihood that programming is focused on profit, limit potential diversification, limit and skew info)

question

___ refers to a construct of meaning and relationships both emotional and economic

answer

Family

question

Which of the following is not a trend identified in family composition from 1970-2007

answer

Families composed of married couples with children increased

question

The only increase in family groups from 1970-2007 was

answer

Other family households

question

From a functionalist perspective, the family

answer

Serves many important functions in society

question

According to the conflict perspective, conflict between spouses of family members derive from ___ or ___ inequalities

answer

Economic; power

question

From a feminist perspective, familial inequality emerges from a

answer

Patriarchal family system

question

The persistent social ideals of women as homemakers and men as bread makers are problematic from which of the following sociological perspectives

answer

Both a and c are correct (conflict, feminist)

question

From the interactionist perspective, we create and maintain our definition of a family through

answer

Social interaction

question

According to the lecture, political and religious forces uphold and encourage a ___ family form as the standard for what all families should be like

answer

Patriarchal

question

No fault divorces were introduced in the

answer

1970s

question

According to research, getting married at a young age ___ chances of divorce, while living with high levels of poverty ___ chances of divorce

answer

Increases; increases

question

Current data suggests that between ________ of women will be assaulted by an intimate partner during their lifetime.

answer

5-15%

question

All but which of the following social factors have been consistently linked to family violence

answer

low religious participation.

question

Kevin is an 82 year old. According to the findings, which of the following people is most likely to abuse him?

answer

family members

question

The U.S. teen birth rate is ________ to the other developed nations of the world

answer

the highest compared

question

The Family Medical Leave Act of 1993 provides qualifying employees with up to ________ of unpaid, job protected leave per year.

answer

twelve weeks

question

In 2002, ________ children were more likely than children from other ethnic/racial groups to live in their grandparent's household.

answer

white

question

When President Obama moved into the White House, much attention was paid to the fact that his _______ would also be a resident.

answer

mother-in-law

question

The ________ perspective(s) examine power within the family

answer

both b and c are correct (Conflict feminist)

question

According to the textbook and the lecture, all of the following reasons are believed to ioncrease the likelihood of child maltreatment except:

answer

religious preoccupation

question

Despite some declining numbers in teen pregnancy overall, Black and Hispanic teens have seen birthrates:

answer

Decline

question

5.4 million children live in homes where...which of the following relative type are their primary caregiver?

answer

Grandparents

question

What percentage of cohabitating couple households contain children?

answer

60%

question

How many U.S. Families were among the 2010 U.S. Census?

answer

117 million

question

According to sociologists, divorce is a personal family matter and not a public issue.

answer

FALSE

question

In 2003, the nuclear family comprised less than one forth of all U.S. households

answer

TRUE

question

There is a persistent belief that non-traditional families threaten and erode the integrity of the family as an institution.

answer

TRUE

question

From a functionalist perspective, the family is inextricably linked to the rest of society

answer

TRUE

question

Since the family is considered a basic social institution, changes in other institutions like the economy, politics, or religion have little effect on the family

answer

FALSE

question

While physical, sexual, and emotional abuses are often identified with child abuse, cases of neglect often go unnoticed

answer

TRUE

question

Which of the following sociological perspectives is/are concerned that schools often indoctrinate students in the U.S. in Western bureaucratic ideology?

answer

Conflict

question

________ refers to the practice where advanced learners are separated from regular learners.

answer

Tracking

question

The No Child Left Behind Act was passed during the ________ administration.

answer

Bush

question

While the U.S. spends ________ on education than other high-income countries, our literacy scores are ________ in a world comparison.

answer

More;average

question

________ is one of the most powerful predictors of student achievement.

answer

Socioeconomic status

question

Which of the following racial or ethnic groups have the highest proportion of college graduates at the bachelor's level?

answer

Asians

question

A survey conducted in 2007 by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) found that nationwide, about _____ of students had missed more than one day of school because they felt unsafe at school with ________ students the most likely to have missed school.

answer

five percent; Hispanic and Black

question

The Gay, Lesbian, and Straight Education Network's 2007 National School Climate Survey showed ________ percent of lesbian, gay, and transgendered youth reported feeling unsafe in school due to thei sexual orientation.

answer

61%

question

Evaluation data of the Head Start program has identified the positive relationship between early childhood program enrollment with all of the following except ________.

answer

job promotibility

question

According to Shaw (2001), which of the following is not identified as a focus when promoting safety in schools

answer

prediction

question

As family income increases, the likelihood of college attendance:

answer

increases.

question

(UNESCO), literacy disparities are associated with all of the following except:

answer

religious affiliation.

question

In the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas the U.S. Supreme Court ruling has worked to desegregate U.S. Schools. Today, school segregation is just as likely to be an issue with what primary demographic at the center?

answer

Socioeconomic Status

question

According to the text, education is considered the "great divider" in our society

answer

FALSE

question

Younger Americans have earned more educational credentials (diplomas, degrees, certificates) than older Americans

answer

TRUE

question

The Center for Disease Control reported that the overall life expectancy, not accounting for race or gender, reached a record high of ________ in 2008.

answer

77.8 years

question

________ is the study of the patterns in the distribution and frequency of sickness, injury and death, and the social factors that shape them.

answer

Epidemiology

question

Match the appropriate term to its definition in the order presented. ________ is the level of childbearing for an individual or population. ________ refers to the maximum number of children that could be born. ________ is the incidence of death in a population.

answer

Fertility; Fecundity; Mortality

question

Today's leading causes of death in the United States include all but which of the following?

answer

intestinal infection

question

While women live ________ than men, the three leading causes of death ________ are identical for males and females.

answer

five years longer; heart disease, cancer, and stroke,

question

Men experience higher rates of fatal illness dying more quickly than women when illness occurs for all but which of the following reasons?

answer

level of education earned

question

Which of the following was/were offered as explanation(s) into why the poor are more likely to be ill than those of higher economic status?

answer

the poor live in areas exposed to contaminated air and water.

question

It is estimated that the United States spends roughly ________ of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on health care; ________ expenditure among industrialized countries.

answer

about 18%; the largest

question

Which of the following major industrial countries provides some form of "universal health care" coverage for all of its' citizens?

answer

All of the above countries provide coverage: United Kingdom, Canada, Australia

question

________ became the first state to provide universal health care coverage to all its citizens?

answer

Massachusetts

question

because of the opportunity to save up to one million dollars annually, a number of cities in the United States have decided to defy U.S. laws and purchase prescription drugs from ________.

answer

Canada

question

________ are the largest minority group in the United States and they are also the ________.

answer

Hispanics; youngest

question

One in Four newborns in the United States is ________.

answer

Hispanic

question

Which of the following is NOT a factor related to health coverage?

answer

Intelligence

question

According to the functionalist theoretical perspective, illness has a legitimate place in society.

answer

TRUE

question

According to Paul Hawken (Biosphere II Experiment), modern industrialization uses _________ resources to make ________ people more productive

answer

More;few

question

Which of the following is Ehrlick and Ehrlick's formula for environment damage? This was presented in the lecture/discussion and in the text.

answer

Environmental Damage=(Population Growth) X (Level of Affluence) X (Technological Damage)

question

Which of the following sociological perspectives deem that environmental problems are created by humans that are competing for power, income, and their own interests.

answer

Conflict

question

Research consistently indicates how ________ and ________ are exposed to ________ environmental risks ________ and ________ communities.

answer

low income persons; people of color; greater; than white; affluent

question

Interactionists address how environmental problems are

answer

created and defined

question

According to your textbook, the U.S. Government seriously became committed to maintaining and preserving the environment for the first time in the ________.

answer

late 1960s

question

The decade ________ was the warmest on record for the globe.

answer

2000-2009

question

In 2011 the United Nations announced that the world's population has reached which of the following?

answer

7 billion

question

According to the textbook, China, India, and Russia are among the world's most polluted places.

answer

TRUE

question

The Biosphere II experiment (Paul Hawken, 1970) was a great success in that all the plant and animal life introduced to the ecosystem flourished.

answer

FALSE

question

Whether someone is looking at a social system or an eco-system, a functionalist examines the entire system and its components

answer

TRUE

question

In the United States, our capitalist economic system has been identified as a primary source of the conflict over polluting our physical and natural world.

answer

TRUE

question

Social constructionists do not deny that real environmental problems exist.

answer

TRUE

question

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established in 1970.

answer

TRUE

question

Climate change is also referred to as global warming.

answer

TRUE

question

Which of the following dimensions of diversity is not classified as a primary characteristic to Loden and Rosener (1991)?

answer

Educational Attainment

question

Social stratification refers to

answer

the ranking of individuals into social strata or groups

question

____ used to term life chances to describe the consequences of social stratification on one's life

answer

Max Weber

question

Discrimination refers to a ____, while prejudice refers to a ___

answer

Act, attitude

question

Which of the following federal acts is dubbed "The center piece of the social welfare system?"

answer

Social Security Act

question

The Social Security Act was passed in

answer

1935

question

Under Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, assistance was provided for all but which of the following?

answer

Specific Relief

question

All but which of the following are programs resulting from Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society?

answer

Americorp

question

Significant social welfare reform, implementing strict work requirements and time limitations, was signed into law by ___ in the ___.

answer

Bill CLinton; Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act.

question

___ poverty refers to a lack of basic necessities, such as food, shelter, and income, while ___ poverty refers to a situation where people are falling behind from the average income or life style enjoyed by the rest of society

answer

absolute; relative

question

the gap between the richest and poorest americans has ___ over the last two decades

answer

increased

question

the poverty guidelines are issued each year by the ___ and are used for determining family or individual eligibility for federal programs

answer

Department of health and human services

question

define the following terms in the order presented. ___refers to a lack of basic necessities such as food, shelter, and income. ___ refers to a situation where people are falling behind the average income or lifestyle enjoyed by the rest of society. ___ refers to the original federal poverty measure developed by the Social Security Administration and updated each year by the US Census Bureau. ___ refers to criteria used for determining family or individual eligibility for federal programs such as head start

answer

absolute poverty; relative poverty; poverty threshold; poverty guidelines

question

according to the 2012 poverty figures, ___ compose the largest group of poor individuals in the US

answer

white-americans

question

according to recent research, ___ are more likely to live in poverty than americans in any other age group

answer

children

question

according to the 2012 state map presented in the textbook, ___ had the highest rate of poverty, while ___ had the lowest poverty rate

answer

louisiana, new hampshire

question

social scientists reject the biological notions of race, instead favoring an approach that treats race as a

answer

construct

question

ethnicity refers to one's ____, while race refers to one's ___.

answer

cultural traits; genetic characteristics

question

As of 2002, ___ americans were the nation's largest minority group

answer

hispanic

question

___ is the belief that one's own group values and bahaviors are not only right, but superior to others

answer

ethnocentrism

question

___ refers to the practice of prohibiting or restricting the entry or participation of groups in society ____ refers to the physical and social separation of ethnic or racial groups ___ refers to the removal of a group due to direct force or intimidation

answer

Exclusion; segregation; expulsion

question

according to the ___ perspective, assimilation is the solution to the differences between racial and ethnic groups

answer

functionalist

question

___ theorists focus on how the dynamics of racial and ethnic relations divides groups while maintaining a dominant group

answer

conflict

question

which of the following perspectives believe that race is a social construct that we learn through our social institutions

answer

interactionist

question

which of the following statements is inaccurate concerning affirmative action

answer

affirmative action applies only to african-americans

question

functionalists assume that not everyone in society can and should be equal

answer

true

question

conflict theorists feel the answer to racism lies in the implementation of assimilation

answer

false

question

feminist theory intersects with multiculturalism through the analysis of mulitple systems of oppression, not just gender, but including categories of race, class, sexual orientation, nation of origin, language, culture, and ethnicity

answer

true

question

according to the interactionist perspective, we learn about racial and ethnic categories of white, black, latino, asian, and native american through our social interactions

answer

true

question

regions of the country in order from the highest poverty rate to the lowest poverty rate:

answer

south, west, midwest, northeast

question

which theoretical perspective: during periods of economic crisis, the state expands welfare rolls to pacify the poor and reduce the likelihood of serious uprising

answer

conflict

question

in regards to poverty, interactionists focus on

answer

how poverty is learned and publics perceptions of welfare and its recipients

question

under the temporary assistance for needy families welfare program, there is a federal lifetime limit of ___ of assistance, though states may put shorter limits on bnefits

answer

60 months

question

approximately ___ of US households were "food insecure" sometime during 2010.

answer

15%

question

poor households are likely to have ___ food prices as compared to the national average

answer

higher

question

families that left welfare between ___ were more likely to report difficulty in paying a mortgage, rent, or utility than families leaving between ___.

answer

1997 & 1999; 1995 & 1997

question

all but which of the following reasons were cited for the decline in welfare caseloads

answer

an increase in bureaucratic paperwork required to apply for and receive welfare benefits

question

studies that have traced people who have left welfare over a long period of time indicate ___ earning growth after leaving welfare

answer

no significant

question

since the pew research center first starting collecting data on economic progress, they have found that most americans feel less economic progress in their lives now than any time in the last ___ years

answer

5 or 44?

question

(Unicef) "Child well-being in rich countries" report identifying the percentage of children that receive national funding and regulating early childhood education and care. four countries?

answer

denmark, finland, france, sweden.

question

as mentioned in the textbook reading and lecture, poverty rates vary across geographic areas because of difference in ___ specific and ___ specific characteristics

answer

person;place

question

manning marable argues that ___ is fraud because while it promotes the idea that everyone has a fair and equal chance to succeed. advantages are given to members of particular groups based on their gender, race, or social class.

answer

capitalism

question

aid to families with dependent children

answer

was never authorized by congress and therefore never became law

question

as household income increases, so does the likelihood of which of the following

answer

access to healthcare coverage

question

how many states in the US have cute their welfare rolls 10% or more since 2007 by reducing welfare

answer

11

question

in 2011, the US census released what to look at with the poverty issue according to geographic differences

answer

supplemental poverty measure

question

what percentage of americans believe that there is a strong or very strong conflict between the poor and the wealthy in our country

answer

66%

question

wealth provides access to key social and cultural capital, which of the following does not apply to this access

answer

good health

question

the original poverty threshold was based on the cost of ___

answer

food

question

theorists from the ___ perspectives argue that only the most qualified should fill the important jobs in society and be rewarded for their talent and skills

answer

functionalist

question

which of the following racial/ethnic groups have the highest poverty rate proportional to their group?

answer

black-americans

question

in 2012, the upper ___ of americans personal income was 22.5% of the total personal income of the entire US population

answer

1%

question

the top 10% of earners, in 2012, took home more than ___ of the US total personal income -- the highest recorded level ever

answer

half

question

even though the US supreme court's 1954 decision on Brown v. Board of Education ruled that racial segregation in public school's was illegal, a new form of segregation has developed called:

answer

pluralist segregation

question

which of teh following countries account for the majority of immigrants into the US?

answer

Mexico

question

Scholars identify "ethnic attrition" as which of the following?

answer

ethnic identities being absorbed through assimilation

question

Based from the information presented in lecture and textbook which of the following racial groups has the highest median income in the US

answer

hispanics

question

sociologists refer to the unequal distribution of resources services and positions as social stratification

answer

false

question

prejudice refers to an action while discrimination refers to an attitude

answer

false

question

it is estimated that by the 2050s the majority of americans will comprised of african, latino, asican, middle-eastern, and native american descent

answer

true

question

on average, working women earn ___ cents for every dollar working men earn.

answer

seventy-seven

question

marger reports that regardless of their level of technological development or complexity of their social structure, ___ society have some form of gender inequality

answer

all

question

sex refers to ___ while gender refers to ___

answer

fixed physiological characteristics; learned social cultural characteristics

question

which of the following theorectical perspectives argues that gender inequality is inevitable due to biological division of labor in the household which is necessary to establish role differentiation in the family

answer

functionalist

question

according to the conflict and feminist perspectives, women's subordinate position in society is linked to

answer

their relationship to the means of production

question

which of the following workplace sex segregation types were specifically mentioned in the text, lecture, discussion

answer

horizontal and vertical

question

according to the lecture and duscussed in class, the US feminist movement began in

answer

1848

question

as presented in the lecture series and also identified in the textbook by the author, there has/have been ___ waves to the US feminist movement

answer

two

question

according to research, women have transitioned from a housekeeper role to a dual role of earner and caregiver, as men's involvement in domestic work

answer

remains low

question

gender serves to legitmize certain avtivities and ways of thinking over others which ultimately grants privilege to one group over another

answer

true

question

social scientists believe that gender differences are due to biological differences

answer

falase

question

functionalists may arge that it is appropriate for men, and not women, to pursue political office because it is more practical or natural for men to be in leadership positions

answer

true

question

horizontal segregation refers to the separation of women into non-manual labor and men into manual labor sectors

answer

true

question

in 2007, the US supreme court ruled that employess could not challenge ongoing compensation discrimination if the employers original discriminatory act or decision occurred more than 5 years earlier

answer

false

question

in general women may have a wage gap in some areas of the US markerplace, but there is no wage gap in American culture

answer

false

question

___ is defined as the classification of individuals according to their prefernce for emotional sexual relationship

answer

sexual orientation

question

a women is ___ if she has exclusive emotional-sexual relationships with persons of the same sex

answer

homosexual

question

if an individual is born a biological male, but identifies as a female.... then based only on this provided information, this individual is considered

answer

transgendered

question

in 2000, ___ was the first state to recognize civil unions while in 2004 ___ became the first state to legalize same-sex marriage

answer

vermont, massachussetts

question

which sociological perspective supports the concept of institutionalized hetersexuality - set of ideas, institutions, and relationships that desire the heterosexual family as the societal norm

answer

functionalist

question

the defence of marriage act was passed in

answer

1996

question

heterosexual marriage in the US grants approximately ___ federal benefits, ranging from the right to sue based on wrongful death of a partner, access to employment based health benefits, and the ability to make medical decisions on behalf of a partner

answer

five hundred

question

the term ___ has come to symbolize the pursuit of individual rights and self-identification for gay and lesbian persons

answer

"coming - out"

question

the US supreme court __ overturned sodomy laws in the US and did so in ___

answer

has; 2003

question

which US president signed into law the Mychal Judge Act which allows for federal death benefits to be paid to the same0sex partners of firefighters and police officers who die in the line of duty

answer

george w. bush

question

protections against public and private workplace discrimination because of one's exual orientation exist in ___ states and approximately ___ percent of fortune 500 companies have antidiscrimination policies protecting gay employees

answer

twenty-one; eighty-eight

question

researchers exploring the ___ basis of sexual orientation have considered two theoretical approaches; neurohormonal theory and behavioral genetics

answer

biological

question

confirmation of a genetic link to sexual orientation has ___

answer

been found through identical and fraternal twins

question

the reaffirmation of heterosexuality as the moral standard is the basis of what

answer

culture wars

question

A public opinion poll by Gallup Org. in 2010 revealed that support for gay rights in the last three decades has

answer

increased

question

anna leon - guerrero reports that a lot of prejudice and dsicrimination practices towards homosexuals are a direct result of formal laws

answer

true

question

rates of metal health problems are higher among homosexual men and women due in part to the social discrimination and cultural stigmatization they experience

answer

true

question

a review of existing studies on workplace discrimination reveals that somewhere between one quarter and two thirds of GLB people report losing their jobs, or missing promotions because of their sexual orientation

answer

true

question

beginning with the 2010 census a same-sex couple could select between two options to indicate their relationship status: husband and wife or unmarried partners

answer

true

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