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:a large group of people who are organized to promote or resist some social change -members hold strong ideas about what is wrong w/ the world & have to make it right -@ the heart of social movements lies a sense of injustice

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Social Movement

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:a social movement that promotes some social change -they find a particular condition of society intolerable & want to change it

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Proactive Social Movement

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:a social movement that resists some social change -they feel threatened b/c some condition of society is changing & they react to resist that change

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Reactive Social Movement

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:an organization people develop to further the goals of a social movement -promote social change--EX: NAACP -resist particular changes--EX: KKK

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Social Movement Organization

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1. Alternative 2. Redemptive 3. Reformative 4. Transformative 5. Transnational 6. Metaformative

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Types of Social Movements

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:a social movement that seeks to alter only some specific aspects of people

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Alternative Social Movement

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:a social movement that seeks to change people totally EX: fundamental Christianity

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Redemptive Social Movement

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:a social movement that seeks to change only some specific aspects of society EX: civil rights movement, Pro-Life

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Reformative Social Movement

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:a social movement that seeks to change society totally -want to replace the current social order w/ their sense of a good society EX: Revolutions in American colonies -MILLENARIAN SOCIAL MOVEMENTS

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Transformative Social Movement

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:a social movement based on the prophecy of coming social upheaval EX: cargo cult

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Millenarian Social Movement

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"New Social Movements" :a social movement whose emphasis on some condition around the world, instead of a condition in a specific country EX: Animal's Rights Movements

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Transnational Social Movement

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:a social movement that has the goal to change the social order, not just of a society or 2, but of the entire world -strive to reformulate concepts & practices of race-ethnicity, class, gender, governments, & the global stratification of the entire world EX: Al-Queda

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Metaformative Social Movement

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1. Inner core 2. Committed 3. Less committed 4. Sympathetic public 5. Hostile public 6. Disinterested public

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Levels of Social Movement Membership

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:most committed to the movement, sets the groups goals, time tables, & strategies -predispositions of Inner Core are crucial in choosing tactics

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Inner Core

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:committed, but less than the inner core, can be counted on to show up for demonstrations & grunt work

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Committed

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:less dependable, their participation depends on convenience

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Less Committed

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:a dispersed group of people relevant to a social movement -the sympathetic & hostile publics have an interest in the issues on which a social movement focuses -there's also an unaware or indifferent public

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Public

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:their sympathies lie w/ the movement but the they have no commitment -their sympathies w/ movement's goals make them fertile ground for recruitment -the source of new members & support at the ballot box

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Sympathetic Public

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:movement's values go against its own, & it wants to stop the social movement

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Hostile Public

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:unaware or indifferent to the social movement

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Disinterested Public

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:(accepted by authorities), violence will not be directed against authorities -does not rule out violence directed against the opposition

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Institutionalize Social Movements

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:how people think about some issue

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Public Opinion

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:broad senses--the presentation of information in the attempt to influence people, narrow sense--one-sided information used to try to influence people EX: retailers, government, mass media

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Propaganda

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1. Name Calling 2. Glittering Generality 3. Transfer 4. Testimonials 5. Plain Folks 6. Card Stacking 7. Bandwagon

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7 Basic Propaganda Techniques

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:aims to arouse opposition to competing product, candidate, or policy by associating it w/ a negative image -makes one's own product, candidate, policy attractive EX: Yanks--Americans, Frogs--French

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Name Calling

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:surrounds the product, candidate, or policy w/ images that arouse positive feelings EX: "New" "Fresh" "Pure"

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Glittering Generality

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:in POSITIVE form--associate the product, candidate, or policy w/ something the public respects or approves EX: surrounding a beer w/ American flags--believe patriotic:in NEGATIVE form--associate the product, candidate, or policy w/ something the public disproves of

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Transfer

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:famous individuals endorse a product, candidate, or policy EC: MJ--Nike, Hanes :NEGATIVE form--a despised person is associated w/ the competing product EX: Osama bin Laden supporting gov. candidate

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Testimonials

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:associate the product, candidate, or policy w/ "just plain folks" -"I'm just a regular person" EX: Presidential candidate wearing a baseball hat

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Plain Folks

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:present only positive info about what you support, & only negative info about what you oppose -intent is to make it sound as though there is only one conclusion a rational person can draw -falsehoods, distortions, & illogical statements used

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Card Stacking

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"Everyone is doing it" :emphasizing how many others buy the product or support the candidate or policy conveys the message that anyone who doesn't join in is on the wrong track

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Bandwagon

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:an explanation for why people participate in a social movement based on the assumption that the movement offers them a sense of belonging -many people feel isolated b/c they live in a mass society--social movements fill this void--offer a sense of belonging -find more social movements where ties are stronger--midwest & south

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Mass Society Theory

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:industrialized, highly bureaucratized, impersonal society EX: Nazis attracted people firmly rooted in firmly & community -homeless people generally don't join anything--total isolation

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Mass Society

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:people who feel deprived (of $, of justice, status, privilege) join social movements in hope of redressing their grievances EX: African Americans in Civil Rights Movement

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Deprivation Theory

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:belief that people join social movements based on their evaluations of what they think they should have compared w/ what others have -improving conditions can spark revolutions--occurs when people's expectations outstrip the actual change they experience EX: Civil Rights Movement--black demonstrators compared themselves w/ whites w/ equal status -what is significant is w/ whom we compare ourselves

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Relative Deprivation Theory

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:someone who joins a group in order to spy on it & to sabotage it by provoking its members to commit extreme acts -use agent provocateur b/c radical social change in social movements poses a threat to the elite power -to be credible, agents must share at least some of the class, age, gender, race-ethnic, or religious characteristics of the group -effective agents must work their way into the center of the group -agents are often cut off from their own group EX: FBI recruited agents to sabotage groups--provoked illegal activities that otherwise would not have occured

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Agent Provocateur

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1. Initial Unrest & Agitation 2. Resource Mobilization 3. Organization 4. Institutionalization 5. Organizational Decline & Possible Resurgence

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Stages of Social Movements

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:people are upset about some condition in society & want to change -most social movements fail at this stage--don't get enough support & die

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Initial Unrest & Agitation

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:a theory that social movements succeed or fail based on their ability to mobilize resources such as time, money, & people's skill -resources include: access to churches to organize protests, technology & mailing lists -need resource mobilization to constitute as a social movement

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Resource Mobilization

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:a division of labor is set up -leadership makes policy decisions, & the rank & file carry out daily tasks to keep the social movement going -still much collective excitement about the issue

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Organization

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:the movement has created a BUREAUCRACY--control lies in the hands of the Career Officers -Control Officers may care more about their own position in the organization than the movement for which the group's initial leaders made sacrifices -collective excitement diminishes

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Institutionalization

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:managing the day-to-day affairs of the organization dominates the leadership -a change in public sentiment may have occurred -there may no longer be a group of committed people who share a common cause -the movement is likely to wither away

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Organizational Decline & Possible Resurgence

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