Soc Final – Flashcards
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The family is a social institution that is found in
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every society
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People include as "kin" others to whom they are linked by
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ancestry, marriage, adoption
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Which of the following are typically traits of marriage?
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a legal relationship, sexual activity and childbearing, and economic corporation
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A family that includes parents, children, and other kin is called
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an extended family
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A family composed of one or two parents and their children is called
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nuclear family
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endogamy
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people of the same social category
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exogamy
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people of different social categories
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A system of marriage that unites only two partners is called
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monogamy
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A system of marriage that unites one woman with two or more men is called
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polyandry
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Patrilocality
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residential pattern by which a married couple lives near the husband's family.
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Typically, industrial societies make use of which of the following systems to trace ancestry?
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bilateral descent
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Empty nest
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families whose children have frown and left home
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Which of the following are reasons for the rise in divorce rates in the United States?
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rising individualism, romantic love often fades, and more women are less economically dependent on men.
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Most people in the United States who divorce
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remarry within five years
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Education is the social institution by which society provides people with important knowledge, including
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job skills, basic facts and information, and cultural norms and values.
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On which of the following continents do we find the most countries with high rates of illiteracy?
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Africa
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Which of the following is a latent function of schooling?
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providing child care
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Functional illiteracy
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the lack to read or write
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Which of the following categories of the U.S. population has the highest dropout rates?
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Hispanics
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For the United States as a whole, about what percentage of people between ages sixteen and twenty-four drop out before completing high school.
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7%
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Magnet schools encourage
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students to specialize in specific areas of study
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Charter schools are
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public schools that have the freedom to try new programs and policies
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Society shapes human health because
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cultural patterns define what is or is not healthy, social inequality affects a population's health, and society's technology affects people's health.
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Social epidemiology is the study of
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the distribution of health and illness in a population.
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mainstreaming
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including ALL students in an education program.
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the word school comes from the Greek word
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leisure
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If you were to enter school in ancient Greece or China, the students you would find there would be mainly
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the rich
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The functions of schooling include
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socialization, cultural innovation,integrating a diverse society.
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Community Colleges are important because they
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enroll over 40% of all college students, expand opportunity to attend college, and enroll almost half of African Americans and Hispanic undergraduates.
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Theodore Sizer says that bureaucracy harms schooling by
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imposing uniformity on culturally diverse schools, emphasizing test scores and other numerical ratings, and expecting all students to progress at the same time.
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In the worlds poorest nations today, life expectancy is as low as about
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50 years
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According to the World Health Organizations, about how many of the worlds people suffer from serous illness caused by poverty?
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1 Billion
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If you were to visit a low income nation to study its high death rates, what would you find to be the most common cause of death?
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infectious disease
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Poor heath in low-income nations reflects which of the following factors?
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limited safe drinking water, limited access to medical personnel, and the lack of a nutritious diet
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During the early decades of the Industrial Revolution
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rapid growing cities had poor sanitation, factories fouled the air with smoke, and workplace accidents were common.
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What disease is the biggest killer in todays high-income nations?
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heart disease
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What is an example of a chronic illness?
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cancer
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in the United States, what factors have a strong link to life expectancy?
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race, gender, and social class
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Which sexually transmitted disease infects 25 million U.S. adults?
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AIDS
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An exception to the general decline of infectious diseases in the U.S. is the increase in _____ after 1960.
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sexually transmitted diseases
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What world region is experiencing the most severe epidemic of AIDS
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sub-saharan Africa
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Upon infection, people with HIV
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display no symptoms at all
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behavior placing people at high risk of HIV infection?
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anal sex, sharing needles, and using drugs that impair judgment
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Euthanasia is
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assisting the death of a person suffering from a terminal illness.
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Which of the following statements about the "right to die" is true?
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industrial societies
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Holistic medicine asserts
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patients should rely on themselves- not just physicians- to ensure their health.
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The concept of socialized medicine refers to
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a medical system mostly owned and operated by the government
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Most common way people in the United Staes pay for medical care?
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private insurance
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In the U.S. and important medical issue is
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shortage of nurses
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A symbolic-interaction approach to health and medicine emphasizes
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the meanings people attach to health and illnesses
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Following the social-conflict approach, patterns of health and illness are seen largely as a product of
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social inequality
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The U.S. Census Bureau defines the family as
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people living together who are linked by birth, marriage, or adoption
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To which region of the world would you travel if you wanted to visit many countries where the law permits polygamy?
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Africa
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According to the structural-functional approach, what is among the tasks of the family?
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socialization of the young, regulation of sexual activity, and social placement.
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Following structural- functional theory, the family,
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operates to perpetuate social inequality, is important enough to be called the backbone of society, and encourages patriarchy.
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In the U.S., romantic love
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is the reason most people expect to marry, is not a very stable foundation for marriage, and contributes to high divorce rate.
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The most difficult transition in married life is typically
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death of the spouse
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Todays baby boomers are typically called the "Sandwich Generation" because
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they spend time caring for children and aging parents.
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What category has the greatest share of female-headed households?
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African Americans
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Regardless of race, families headed by single women are
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at high risk of poverty
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The recent trend in racially mixed marriages has been
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upward- the numbers are increasing
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Compared to what it was a century ago, the U.S. divorce rate is now
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about three times higher
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In the U.S. family violence is,
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a serious, often criminal problem
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In 1989, which country became the first to permit legal same-sex partnerships with many of the benefits of marriage?
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Denmark
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Looking ahead twenty years in the United States, we can predict with confidence that
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family life will be diverse
