Skeletal System – Flashcards
95 test answers
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answers 95question
compact bone
answer
dense, smooth looking bone
Unlock the answer
question
spongy bone
answer
bone composed of small, needlelike pieces; lots of space
Unlock the answer
question
diaphysis
answer
shaft of a long bone
Unlock the answer
question
epiphyses
answer
ends of long bone
Unlock the answer
question
periosteum
answer
connective tissue membrane surrounding diaphysis
Unlock the answer
question
epiphyseal line
answer
in adults; remnant of epiphyseal plate
Unlock the answer
question
epiphyseal plate
answer
hyaline cartilage in young, growing bone
Unlock the answer
question
osteocytes
answer
mature bone cells
Unlock the answer
question
projections/processes
answer
markings that grow out from the bone surface
Unlock the answer
question
depressions/cavities
answer
markings that are indentations in the bone
Unlock the answer
question
ossification
answer
process of bone formation
Unlock the answer
question
ostoblasts
answer
bone-forming cells
Unlock the answer
question
appositional growth
answer
diameter bone growth
Unlock the answer
question
PTH
answer
hormone responsible for regulating calcium levels
Unlock the answer
question
osteoclasts
answer
bone-destroying cells
Unlock the answer
question
two factors responsible for for bone remodeling
answer
calcium levels; pull of gravity and muscles
Unlock the answer
question
reduction
answer
realignment of broken bone ends
Unlock the answer
question
first step of bone fracture repair
answer
hematoma is formed
Unlock the answer
question
second step of bone fracture repair
answer
break is splinted by fibrocartilage
Unlock the answer
question
third step of bone fracture repair
answer
bony callus is formed
Unlock the answer
question
fourth step of bone fracture repair
answer
bone remodeling occurs
Unlock the answer
question
hyoid bone
answer
only bone that does not directly come in contact with other bones
Unlock the answer
question
mandible
answer
only bone with a movable joint in the face
Unlock the answer
question
fontanels
answer
fibrous membrane connecting cranial bones in fetuses
Unlock the answer
question
articular cartilage
answer
covers ends of long bones; decreases friction
Unlock the answer
question
collagen fibers
answer
provides flexibility and strength
Unlock the answer
question
open fracture
answer
bone fracture that breaks through the skin
Unlock the answer
question
closed fracture
answer
bone fracture that does not break through the skin
Unlock the answer
question
comminuted fracture
answer
bone breaks into many fragments
Unlock the answer
question
compression
answer
bone is crushed
Unlock the answer
question
depressed
answer
bone is pressed inward
Unlock the answer
question
impacted
answer
broken bone ends are forced into each other
Unlock the answer
question
spiral
answer
break that occurs from excessive twisting
Unlock the answer
question
greenstick
answer
incomplete break
Unlock the answer
question
suture
answer
immovable joint in the cranium
Unlock the answer
question
sagittal suture
answer
connects two parietal bones together
Unlock the answer
question
sella turcica
answer
depression in sphenoid bone that holds pituitary gland
Unlock the answer
question
foramen magnum
answer
large opening in occipital bone that allows spinal cord to attach to brain
Unlock the answer
question
lacrimal bone
answer
allows tears to travel down
Unlock the answer
question
zygomatic bone
answer
cheek bone
Unlock the answer
question
7
answer
number of bones that make up the cervical vertebrae
Unlock the answer
question
12
answer
number of bones that make up the thoracic vertebrae
Unlock the answer
question
5
answer
number of bones that make up the lumbar vertebrae
Unlock the answer
question
invertebral discs
answer
pads of flexible fibrocartilage that cushion between vertebrae
Unlock the answer
question
vertebral foramen
answer
canal through which spinal cord passes
Unlock the answer
question
atlas
answer
C1 bone; allows one to nod
Unlock the answer
question
axis
answer
C2 bone; allows one to pivot neck
Unlock the answer
question
coccyx
answer
tailbone
Unlock the answer
question
bones that make up the sternum
answer
manubrium, body, xiphoid process
Unlock the answer
question
true ribs
answer
first 7 pairs of ribs; attach directly to sternum
Unlock the answer
question
false ribs
answer
last 5 pairs of ribs; attach indirectly to sternum
Unlock the answer
question
floating ribs
answer
last two pairs of ribs; do not attach to sternum
Unlock the answer
question
shoulder girdle
answer
clavicle and scapula
Unlock the answer
question
glenoid cavity
answer
socket in scapular that receives head of humerus
Unlock the answer
question
factors that allow free movement of upper limb
answer
shoulder girdle attached at ONLY one point; loose attachment of scapula allows it to slide back and forth; shallow glenoid cavity with loose ligaments
Unlock the answer
question
capitulum
answer
ball-like head of humerus
Unlock the answer
question
interosseous membrane
answer
flexible membrane connecting radius and ulna & tibia and fibula
Unlock the answer
question
carpal bones
answer
bones of the wrist
Unlock the answer
question
metacarpals
answer
bones of the palm
Unlock the answer
question
pelvic girdle
answer
two coxal bones (aka hip bones)
Unlock the answer
question
ilia
answer
large, flaring bone portion of hip bones
Unlock the answer
question
ischium
answer
most inferior part of hip bone; the "sit down" bone
Unlock the answer
question
pubis
answer
most anterior part of hip bone
Unlock the answer
question
acetabulum
answer
point of fusion of ilia, ischium and pubis; receives head of femur
Unlock the answer
question
false pelvis
answer
superior to true pelvis
Unlock the answer
question
true pelvis
answer
surrounded by bone and lies inferior to flaring parts of the ilia; passage for infant at birth in women
Unlock the answer
question
femur
answer
thigh bone
Unlock the answer
question
patellar surface
answer
smooth area where patella rests to form knee cap
Unlock the answer
question
tibia
answer
shinbone
Unlock the answer
question
tarsus
answer
posterior half of foot
Unlock the answer
question
calcaneus
answer
heelbone
Unlock the answer
question
talus
answer
ankle
Unlock the answer
question
metatarsals
answer
sole of the foot
Unlock the answer
question
foot arch
answer
ligaments and tendons hold bones in foot together providing springiness
Unlock the answer
question
functions of joints
answer
hold bones together; give mobility
Unlock the answer
question
synarthroses
answer
immovable joint
Unlock the answer
question
amphiarthroses
answer
slightly movable joints
Unlock the answer
question
diarthroses
answer
freely movable joints
Unlock the answer
question
functional classification of joints
answer
synarthroses; amphiarthroses; diarthroses
Unlock the answer
question
structural classification of joints
answer
fibrous; cartilaginous; synovial
Unlock the answer
question
fibrous joints
answer
united by fibrous tissue; i.e. sutures
Unlock the answer
question
cartilaginous joints
answer
bone ends connected by cartilage; i.e. intervertebral joints
Unlock the answer
question
synovial joints
answer
bone ends separated by joint cavity w/synovial fluid; i.e knee
Unlock the answer
question
features of synovial joints
answer
articular cartilage; fibrous articular capsule; joint cavity; reinforcing ligaments
Unlock the answer
question
bursae
answer
flattened fibrous sacs lined w/synovial membrane, contains synovial fluid; common where things rub together
Unlock the answer
question
tendon sheath
answer
elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon subjected to friction
Unlock the answer
question
plane joint
answer
short slipping or gliding movements; i.e. carpals
Unlock the answer
question
hinge joint
answer
angular movement allowed in one plane; i.e. elbow
Unlock the answer
question
pivot joint
answer
rotating bone turns around an axis; i.e. connection between radius/ulna and humerus
Unlock the answer
question
ball and socket joint
answer
spherical head of one bone fits into a round socket in another; i.e. shoulder
Unlock the answer
question
types of synovial joints
answer
plane, hinge, pivot, ball-and-socket (condyloid and saddle)
Unlock the answer
