question

conditional duties of an RDA

answer

a- remove excess cement with an ultrasonic scaler from supragivgival surfaces of teeth undergoing ortho treatment b- allowable duties of an ortho assistant permitholder c- allowable duties of a dental sedation assistant permitholder d- application of pit and fissure sealants

question

when can an RDA perform conditional duties?

answer

only when they have completed a board-approved educational program or when they can provide evidence on completing a board-approved course in the specific subject

question

what evidence does an RDA need to provide to accompany their first license renewal (regarding conditional duties)?

answer

evidence of completion of a board-approved pit and fissure sealants course; if not, license will be suspended

question

what duties may a DA/RDA/RDAEF perform while working for/at a primary care clinic or specialty clinic?

answer

any extraoral duty, coronal polish, topical fluoride application, pit and fissure sealants (if course completed) when under Direct Supervision of RDH/RDHAP

question

dental auxillary

answer

a person who may perform dental supportive procedures under specified supervision of a licensed DDS

question

dental assistant

answer

unlicensed person who may perform basic supportive procedures under the supervision of a DDS

question

registered dental assistant

answer

a licensed person who may perform all authorized procedures in addition to all basic supportive procedures a DA may perform

question

direct supervision

answer

supervision of dental procedures based of DDS instruction and the DDS being physically present in treatment facility during the specified procedure

question

general supervision

answer

supervision of dental procedures based on DDS instruction but where DDS must not be physically present during time of specified procedure

question

basic supportive dental procedures

answer

dental procedures categorized by their technically elementary characteristics, complete reversibility and inability to create potentially hazardous conditions for the PT

question

continuing education

answer

a condition of license renewal, the submission if evidence of an RDA/RDH/DDS continuing to stay educated on new and improving developments in the practice of dentistry, as well as reviewing infection control procedures, dental law, and BLS

question

how much of an RDAs contiuing education can the Board dictate?

answer

7.5 hrs in the general areas of PT care, health and safety, and law and ethics (for DDS, 15 hrs)

question

how many hours of continuing education does an RDA need to complete for each renewal?

answer

25 hours, with 2hrs Infection Control, 2 hrs Dental Practice Act, a BLS course (no more that 4 hours)

question

standard precautions

answer

a group of infection control and prevention practices that apply to all PTs equally, including the use of PPE, safe handling of sharps

question

critical vs. semi-critical vs. non-critical items

answer

critical - penetrates bone and soft tissue, highest potential for disease transmission semi-critical - touches oral mucosa or non-intact skin but not penetrating soft tissue or bone non-critical - items used in PT care but not oral mucosa membranes, much lower risk of transmission

question

levels of disinfection

answer

low - kills some bacteria, microorganisms, viruses but not Tb or spores intermediate - kills Tb, but not necessarily spores high - kills Tb and some spores, but not guaranteed to kill all spores

question

germicide

answer

chemical agent used to disinfect items/surfaces based on level of contamination

question

sterilization

answer

validated process of rendering ALL viable forms of microorganisms inactive (kills all spores)

question

PPE

answer

specialized clothing or equipment used to protect against a hazard (general work attire NOT included)

question

OPIM

answer

other potentially infectious materials (bodily fluids form humans, testing animals, and fluid/tissue/organ potentially infected with a BBP)

question

DHCP

answer

dental healthcare professional - all paid or non-paid personnel in dental healthcare setting who my be occupationally exposed to infectious materials

question

regulations regarding Infection Control Procedures

answer

a- standard precautions practiced with all PTs b- written protocol shall be developed and made available to all employees regarding instrument processing, operatory cleanliness, and management of injuries c- a copy shall be posted in a visible spot in office d- PPE worn during all procedures involving hazardous chemicals or handling contaminated items

question

Hand washing

answer

a- with soap and water and start and end of day and when visibly soiled between PTs b- when not visibly soiled, an alcohol-based hand rub may be used c-hands must be thoroughly dried before putting on gloves d- DHCP with open/weeping wounds on hands will refrain from PT care, even with gloves, until it is resolved e-gloves are single use, not to be washed before or after use, discarded only

question

Needles/Sharps Safety

answer

a- recapped only using scoop-technique or needle recapping device b- do not bend disposable needles/scalpelsblades for disposal c- Sharps container will be kept as close as possible to point of use

question

Sterilization/Disinfection

answer

a- all germicides must be used how and for the reason they were intended b-cleaning must precede all disinfection/sterilization c- critical and semi-critical instruments will be disinfected and sterilized,then wrapped until used , stored in a manner that will not allow contamination d- non-critical instruments must be cleaned with a low-level disinfectant, unless visibly contaminated with blood or OPIM c- single use items will be disposed of, never reused d- all handpieces and dental unit attachments will be packaged, labeled and heat sterilized

question

Barriers

answer

if something cannot be adequately cleaned, it must be covered with a barrier; if barriered, the surface below can be considered clean and uncontaminated

question

Flushing Water Lines

answer

all lines will be flushed with air or water for 2 mins at start and end of each day, and for at least 20 secs between PTs

question

Lab Areas

answer

sterilization applies in the lab as well: new rag-wheels, pumice, etc should be used for each PT, and all intraoral items coming out of the lab should be rinsed before being placed in the PTs mouth

question

How soon must a DDS inform the Board of practice address changes?

answer

within 1 month - if not, license is suspended until changes have been made and fee paid

question

For how long may an expired license be renewed?

answer

within 5 years of expiration date - must submit renewal form, pay all accrued renewal fees and delinquency fees

question

When will delinquency fees for late license renewal apply?

answer

30 days after license expiration date

question

What does "course of study" include (regarding CE courses)?

answer

area of study pertaining to medical or dental health, preventive dental services, diagnosis, treatment planning, clinical procedures, basic health science, dental practice management, or Dental Practice Act, PT management

question

What are the mandatory courses for RDA license renewal?

answer

(Board approved) -Infection Control (at minimum, info on Section 1005 and regs. in dental environment) (2 units) -CA Dental Practice Act (2 units) -Basic Life Support (American Heart Assoc, American Red Cross, or course taught by provider approved by ADA) (4 units max)

question

What does a course in Dental Practice Act cover?

answer

-acts in violation of DPA -utilization and scope of practice for auxiliaries and DDS -laws about prescribing of meds -citations, fines, revocation and suspension of a license -license renewal -obligations of mandatory reporting and clinical signs of abuse

question

What will a BLS course include?

answer

-adult and pediatric CPR, including 2-person scenarios -foreign-body airway obstruction -relief of choking for adult/child/infant -use of automated defibrillator with CPR -a live, in-person skills practice session, test and written exam

question

CE courses of actual delivery of dental services may include what?

answer

-preventive services, diagnostic protocols, Tx planning -charting of oral conditions -record-keeping and informed consent protocols -nutrition and nutrition counseling of PT -esthetic, restorative and corrective dentistry -role of dentistry in community -legal ramifications of HIPPA, and of actual dental practice -admin of general anesthesia, conscious sedation, oral sedation, general medical emergencies -PPE, sterilization techniques -substance abuse as it relates to medical/dental care -PT management (behavioral science and guidance) -selection, incorporation and use of emerging technologies -legal/ethical aspects of insurance industry -cultural competencies (bilingual dental terminology, cross-culture communication, etc)

question

What % of CE courses may be related to Practice Management?

answer

20%, as these are considered to primarily benefit the licensee, not the PT

question

Are courses that benefit the licensee directly allowed for CE credit?

answer

No - courses such as money management, general physical fitness, those political in nature, etc. are not considered beneficial to work, only the individual and cannot be used for CE

question

Does completion of a CE course authorize the attendee to use what they have learned in practice?

answer

NO! unless covered under scope of practice, or class results in a permit

question

What must registered providers of CE courses maintain and present in order for the course to be valid?

answer

-Speaker's CV -course content outline -edu objectives and outcomes -teaching methods utilized -attendee records and rosters -record of registration #s and units issued for each course Board may audit at any time, and if this is not available the registered provider status may be revoked/suspended

question

How long must one retain provider records?

answer

minimum of 3 renewal periods

question

What should you get at the end of a CE course

answer

written certification of course completion, which includes: -licensee's name and license #, provider name, 11-dgit course reg. #, date attended, # of units earned, place for signature of verification of attendance

question

How often are CE credits collected?

answer

Every 2 years (2 year renewal period)

question

How many CE credits do dental professionals need?

answer

DDS = 50 units RDHAP = 35 units RDH/RDA/Sedation Asst/RDHEF/RDAEF/Ortho Asst = 25 units

question

DDS w/ sedation permit requirements:

answer

-general anesthesia: 1 advanced cardiac life support course approved by AHA -conscious sedation: min. of 15 units related to administration of conscious sedation, medical emergencies -oral conscious sedation: min. of 7 units related to admin. and medical emergencies

question

Reasons for License Revocation or Suspension

answer

-unprofessional conduct -incompetence -gross negligence -repeated acts of negligence in the profession -license issued by mistake - convicted of crime substantially related to qulifications, functions or duties of RDA (only with certified record of conviction)

question

Who revokes/suspends license

answer

Dental Board

question

What is the statute of limitations for the Board to begin proceedings for license suspension/revocation?

answer

w/in 3 years of the Board discovering act or omission, or w/in 7 years of the act or omission actually occurring - whichever occurs first

question

If placed on probation by the Board, what must the licensee do to get reinstated?

answer

- additional training -pass an exam -submit to a complete diagnostic exam by 1 or more physicians appointed by board (if medical or mental state is in question) -restrict/limit scope of practice -pay restitution of fees to Board or patients , or provide option of alternative community service -Pay ANY/ALL fees assigned by the Board prior to reinstatement (not limited to these)

question

Does a license suspension get noted on your record?

answer

YES - any/all actions that result in suspension or revocation are noted, as well as reinstatment date

question

What constutes "unprofessional conduct"?

answer

- getting $ for fraud/misrepresentation -employment of any unlicensed/student DA or DDS to practice dentistry -aiding any unlicensed person to practice -committing any acts of abuse, misconduct, relations with a PT that are related to the practice of dentistry -use of false or assumed name when practicing or advertising -obtain or possess any contolled substance (unless licensed to do so) -using any contolled substance or alcoholic beverage to the extent that it would impair one's ability to practice -having any convictions relating to controlled substances

question

Record-keeping

answer

must sign with name as listed on license, or with initials and an identifying number, and date next to the record of the service performed

question

How soon must an office comply with a request for dental records from the Board?

answer

- w/in 15 days, or must pay a penalty of $250 per day for each late day, max. of $5K -a health care institution (hospital, etc.) has 30 days PT's express written authorization must be included

question

What is the penalty for not complying with a subpena to provide PT records to the Board?

answer

- $1000 per day, unless it is deemed that the request is unlawful -not to exceed $5000, and the fees will be tacked onto the renewal fees at next renewal period -limit for a healthcare facility is $10K, plus a report to State Dept of Health Services for disciplinary action

question

Can a DDS perform services on anyone?

answer

only on Patients of Record -this does not include any initial diagnostic procedures

question

What duties can a DDS ask an auxillary to perform before they see the PT?

answer

-take x-rays -any extra-oral duties -mouth-mirror inspection of oral cavity

question

Patient of Record

answer

any person has been examined, has a medical and dental health history on file, and has had oral conditions diagnosed and a written treatment plan developed by the DDS (does NOT include exams at health fairs, schools, or other community events, not the application of fluoride at such events)

question

Mandated Reporting

answer

mus report when has knowledge of or observes child abuse, sexual abuse, elder abuse,

question

How much time do you have to report an incident of abuse?

answer

36 hours from time of observation, or risk $1000 fine or up to 6 months jail time

question

What about regarding photos/film of sexual nature?

answer

If the child depicted in under 16 years of age and depicted in any kind of sexual manner, this must be reported

question

Do you need to report evidence of abuse to your employer?

answer

NO - the law only requires that you report to the correct agency; must not discuss with employer, colleges, or the caregiver or parent - mandated reporters are protected by law from being sued as long as the claim was made in good faith

question

Can licensee's under current investigation request placement in diversion programs?

answer

Yes, but this does not mean that any investigation or disciplinary action would halt - unless it is a controlled substances offense: in that case, all disciplinary action is stopped and sealed as long as the program is successfully completed

question

6 ethical principles

answer

autonomy non-maleficence beneficence, justice veracity confidentiality

question

PT autonomy

answer

"self-governance" -PT has a right to actively participate in their treatment, and make their own decisions regarding treatment -PT have a right to have all records kept confidential unless they give written consent

question

What practices does the principle of autonomy lay the groundwork for?

answer

-informed consent -confidentiality upholding veracity (truth)

question

Is patient autonomy absolute?

answer

No - a PT's right to self-determnation does not mean that the DDS must perform whatever the PT says; DDS must still uphold all laws and ethics, and has the right to refuse service if PT is asking for something he does not feel he can morally/ethically do, or should refer to a specialist

question

Informed Consent

answer

full explanation of treatment, rba's, alternatives, -this also includes when documenting abise: if DDS wants photos, impressions or x-rays to help document, he must explain to the PT what they will be used for

question

Obligation to Inform

answer

DDS has an obligation to tell PT their exact oral health status, so that the best and most informed course of action can be decided upon

question

RDAs and PT Autonomy

answer

- respect PT's right to decide own Tx -respect legal, personal rights, human dignity, privacy of all PTs -maintain professional boundaries -maintain confidentiality -DOCUMENT ALL CONVERSATIONS to have record that PT was informed and made whatever decision after knowing all options/recommendations

question

Non-maleficence

answer

"do no harm" -DDS has duty to keep from hurting a PT -DDS primary obligation is to keep skills and knowledge current, know one's limitations, know when to delegation to an auxilary

question

What practices does the principle of non-maleficence lay the groundwork for?

answer

-CE courses -referring cases to a specialist -unethical to practice when under the influence of a controlled substance, alcohol, or in an impaired mental or physical state

question

Non-maleficence and BBPs

answer

-if a DDS gets a BBP he has an ethical duty to inform any PT or staff memberwho may have been exposed, and refer them to a qualified healthcare provider who may provide post exposure services -DDS should encourage the source individual to cooperate in an eval, or to expose their status, but may NOT tell anyone himself

question

RDAs and Non-maleficence

answer

-act in best interest of PT -put PT health/safety first, as well as self and colleges -undertake assignments only when qualified to do so - use PPE,other protective procedures -CE courses -refuse to conceal any incompetent acts of others

question

Beneficence

answer

"do good" -duty to promote PT welfare, act to benefit of others - DDS owes PT competent and timely dental care, w/in the bounds of the clinical circumstances presented by the PT

question

What practices does the principle of beneficence lay the groundwork for?

answer

- very connected to PT autonomy, veracity and justice - mandated reporting of suspected abuse - referring cases to specialists when DDS's own skills do not allow them to provide to the standard of care

question

What are the conflicts surrounding Mandated Reporting?

answer

DHCP have ethical/legal obligation to report suspected abuse, but adults have the right to confidentiality and self-determination. VERY IMPORTANT to know the law in your area of practice, to know at what point you must bypass PT rights and make a report, or vice versa

question

Health Education to the Community

answer

-DCHP may participate, as long as they uphold the dignity of the profession (Advertising for your own practice at these functions is NOT looked upon favorably) -when making public statements, DDS must have a reasonable basis for believing what they say is true and promotes the profession

question

Justice

answer

"fairness" -duty to treat people fairly -primarily deals with delivering dental care without prejudice

question

How does the principle of justice affect dental practice?

answer

-may not refuse PTs based on race/color/gender/etc -may not treat PTs with illness, BBPs any differently OR refuse to treat them (standard precautions for all); may only refer them when a specialist's skills are necessary or if they think the PTs health will be compromised by tx

question

Justice and "2nd Opinions"

answer

PTs are dependent on their DDS for true, complete info about their oral health status, so DHCP have obligation to be truthful, well-informed and reliable -when giving a 2nd opinion, be VERY careful not to openly disagree with the other DDS, just present your own opinion and course of tx you would take -do not want to imply that the PT was mistreated by anther DDS

question

Ethics vs. Law

answer

nothing can be ethical but illegal, however some things are legal but unethical - DHCP are held to the standard of legality and ethical tx

question

RDAs and Justice

answer

-behave in a manner free from bias or judgement -behave ethically, and without conflict of interest -report unethical acts of others

question

Veracity

answer

"truthfulness" - duty to communicate truthfully, to be honest and trustworthy

question

What practices does the principle of veracity lay the groundwork for?

answer

- truthful representation of care being performed -truthful representation of fees - for PT and insurance companies -the basis for open doctor-patient relationships

question

Waiver of Co-payment, overbilling, fee differential

answer

- illegal to charge an ins. co. for services rendered and then waive the co-payment portion for the PT - unethical to increase a fee based on the type of ins. a PT has - the fee that you would charge a PT without dental benefits is the fee that must be charged for all PTs -may not change dates of treatment on ins. claims to maximize PT benefits -may not incorrectly describe the tx performed on an ins. form to receive payment for otherwise uncovered services -unethical to recommend unnecessary services in order to maximize benefits

question

Unearned or non-health degrees

answer

DDS or DHCP may list their academic degrees after their name, but may not list any non-health related, or non-academic degrees: this contributes to confusion on part of PTs, who may attribute certain skills to you that you do not have, and is a misrepresentation

question

RDAs and Veracity

answer

-conduct oneself with honesty and integrity -provide PTs with truthful assessments of problems and potential tx, including RBAs

question

Compassion

answer

caring and the ability to identify with the PT's over-all well-being

question

Competence

answer

-ability to diagnose and treat the PT's oral health care issues, or to refer when it is in the PT's best interest -a commitment to life-long learning (CE courses)

question

Integrity

answer

- behave with honor and decency

question

What practices does the principle of integrity lay the groundwork for?

answer

-PT confidentiality - not making false statements in any documents filed with ADA, CDA -no false advertising - not issuing public statements that would change the public's view of the profession, or that may be questionable in fact -not misrepresenting oneself by listing non-academic or non-health degrees after one's name, and may also not list licenses or certificates not to involve oneself in situations where a conflict of interest may arise

question

Professionalism

answer

-should actively support and promote the profession and its services to the public

question

RDAs and professionalism

answer

-obtain/maintain knowledge of laws, rules, regulations that govern dental assisting -comply with CA Dental Practice Act -reprot illegal acts of others, or violations of DPA

question

Tolerance

answer

addresses the continually changing cultural mix in CA/USA -must treat all PTs fairly and equally, but also take into account the differences in culture and what that means with regard to differences in dental care

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