Test Answers on RBT – Flashcard
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el esfuerzo
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effort
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graphing data
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clients names, program info, therapist initials
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Probe data
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doing one trial to make sure a child can do something (I.e. spell his or her name)-record yes or no
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reinforcement
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presentation of a reinforcing stimulus or a removal of an aversive stimulus (contingent on the occurrence of a behavior) resulting in an increased or maintained rate of the behavior in the future
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intermittent reinforcement
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periodic reinforcement; Subject does no know when reinforcement will occur for a specific behavior
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most powerful schedule of reinforcement
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Intermittent Reinforcement
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Punishment
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presentation of an aversive stimulus or removal of a positive reinforcer as a consequence for behavior that reduces the future rate of behavior
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Rate
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a measure, quantity, or frequency, typically one measured against some other quantity of measure
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positive reinforcement
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the presentation of a stimulus contingent on the occurrence of a behavior that results in an increase in the rate of that behavior over time
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negative reinforcement
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the increase in rate or future probability of a behavior that occurs when there is a removal of a reinforcing stimulus contingent on a response
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negative punishment
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the decrease in rate or future probability of a behavior that occurs when there is a removal of a reinforcing stimulus contingent on a response
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extinction
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the process by which a behavior reverts to pre-reinforcement levels: the permanent removal of the reinforcing stimulus
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behavior
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an act that can be clearly defined and observed. Examples include: laughing, crying jumping, smiling etc
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Dead man Test
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"if a dead man can do it, it ain't behavior, and if a dead man cant do it, then it is a behavior"
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operant conditioning
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conditioning in which the desired behavior or increasingly closer approximations to is are followed by a rewarding or reinforcing stimulus
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discrete trial teaching
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a method of teaching in simplified and structured steps. instead of teaching an entire skill at once, it is broken down and built back up using trials that teach on step at a time
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Natural environmental training (NET)
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when specific skills are worked on within the context in which they naturally occur
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Partial-interval recording
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a procedure used to record behavior if it occurs at any point during an interval
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whole-interval recording
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a procedure used to record behavior only if it consistently occurred the entire interval
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_______ interval recording underestimates behavior
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whole-interval
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________ interval recording overestimates behavior
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partial-training
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Momentary time sampling
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a procedure that records behavior only if it occurs during the last 5 seconds of an interval
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Continuous measurement
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measurement conducted in a manner such that all instances of the response class(es) of interest are detected during the observation period
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Differential reinforcement
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reinforcing a behavior in the presence of one stimulus while not reinforcing in the presence of another stimulus
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Functions of behavior
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refers to the source of environmental reinforcement for behavior
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Social attention
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function of behavior that is motivated by desire for attention from another person
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Tangibles
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function of behavior that is motivated by the desire for an object
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Escape or Avoidance
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function of behavior that is motivated by desire to get away from situation
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Sensory stimulation "stimming"
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function of behavior that is motivated by self stimulation--only purpose is as a vehicle for internal pleasure
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Mand
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request for reinforcement (verbal, pointing etc)
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Tact
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a label
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Echoic
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repeating something that is heard
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Intraverbal
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a class of verbal operants regulated by verbal discriminative stimuli
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Feature Function Class (FFC)
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used to describe and understand objects further than just their label
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Example of feature, function and class
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An apple: red , for eating, is a fruit
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Autoclitic
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a single unit of verbal behavior (a verbal operant) that depends on other verbal behavior and changes the effect on a listener
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Fading
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transferring stimulus control from one stimulus to another
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Forward chaining
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teaching the first step of a behavior until it is mastered, then gradually adding (1and2, 1and2and3, so on and so forth)
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Backward chaining
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teaching the final step of a behavior until it is mastered, and then gradually working backward to the first step
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Shaping
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differential reinforcement of successive approximations of a target behavior until the person exhibits the target behavior
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Task analysis
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the breakdown of a task into its individual components and steps
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Motivational operation (M.O.)
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temporarily increases the effectiveness or values of a reinforcer. temporarily increases the behavior that has been encouraged by that reinforcer in the past
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Discriminative stimulus (sD)
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a stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced. (signal that reinforcement is available )
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S-Delta
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a stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will not be reinforced. (signal that reinforcement in not available)
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Conditioned reinforcement
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occurs when a stimulus reinforces set behaviors through its association with a primary reinforcer
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Unconditioned reinforcement
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a reinforcement that is inherent, such as food
