Quiz 3 – Flashcard
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"When asked in class, 50% of the students will be able to list the four principles of cardiovascular conditioning," is an example of a: A. behavioral objective B. outcome objective C. learning objective D. process objective
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C
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Which agency maintains records, analyzes disease trends, and publishes epidemiological reports on all types of diseases? A. National Institutes of Health (NIH) B. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) C. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) D. Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)
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B
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When using criteria of causation, the criterion that asks if the disease or health problem associated with the exposure is the only one is: A. specificity B. consistency C. temporality D. strength
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A
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A process by which an intervention is planned to help meet the needs of a priority population is: A. health promotion B. program planning C. program evaluation D. needs assessment
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A
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When prioritizing prevention and control efforts, health officials use data from A. leading causes of death B. years of potential life lost C. economic cost to society D. all of these are correct
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D
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A pathogenic agent enters a susceptible host through a: A. reservoir B. portal of entry C. portal of exit D. carrier
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B
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Tuberculosis and influenza are examples of: A. vectorborne diseases B. airborne diseases C. zoonoses D. vehicleborne diseases
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B
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True or False? "By the end of the year, all senior citizens who requested transportation to the congregate means will have received it," is an example of a well written program objective. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? When mapping community capacity, primary building blocks are the most accessible assets. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? Voluntary health agencies are usually supported by paid staff and volunteers. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? Upton Sinclair's book, The Jungle, drew attention to the plight of immigrants in the meat packing industry. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? Those who control, both formally and informally, the political climate of the community are referred to as gatekeepers. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? There is one single, best preferred method for organizing a community. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? The written plan for school health education is referred to as the health sequence. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? The rate of an illness in a population is the natality rate. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? The portion of the school environment that encompasses attitudes, feelings, and values of students and staff is the physical environment. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? The number of years of healthy life expected, on average, in a given population is the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? The ideal school health advisory council would include representation from a wide variety of school personnel, community members, and community health agencies. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? The early diagnosis and prompt treatment of diseases before the disease becomes advanced and disability becomes severe is secondary prevention. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? The coordination of the various components of the Coordinated School Health Program is the primary role of the school nurse. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? The center of the multicausation disease model is behavioral choices. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? The ability of the health care system to prevent, protect against, quickly respond to, and recover from health emergencies defines medical preparedness. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? The Superfund legislation was enacted to deal with the cleanup of hazardous substances in the environment. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is an institute under the National Institutes of Health (NIH). A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? The American Red Cross is classified as a quasi-governmental health organization. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? Sometimes notifiable diseases are not reported to the local health department because patients recover without a diagnosis being confirmed. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? School health services are those provided by the school health workers to appraise, protect, and promote the health of students. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? School districts in the United States are required to have a school health coordinator. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? Physical factors affecting community health include geography, community size, and industrial development. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? People afflicted with a disease are referred to as cases. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? On an average day, teachers spend more waking hours with school-aged children than do the parents of many children. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? Noncommunicable diseases have complex etiologies. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? Local health departments are responsible for restaurant inspections. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? Individuals with lower socioeconomic status have poorer health status. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? In the communicable disease model, the cause of a disease or health problem is the host. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? If those who initiate community organization are members of the community, the movement is referred to as being grass-roots. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? Highly organized and developed resources in our national institutions and organizations can be a hindrance for communities to respond effectively to their own problems. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? Health care delivery is public health concern of the 21st century. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? Government health agencies began being created as a response to epidemics and mounting health problems in the later part of the 18th century. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? Evaluation that is done during the planning and implementing processes is summative evaluation. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? Dr. Edward Jenner successfully demonstrated the process of vaccination as a protection against smallpox in the 20th century. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? Diseases for which the reservoir resides in animal populations are called anthroponoses. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? Coronary heart disease is an example of a chronic noncommunicable disease. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? Controversial topics are a leading challenge to the implementation of a school health curriculum. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? Choosing to eat wisely, regularly wearing a safety belt, and visiting the physician are examples of community/public health activities. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? An epidemiological study aimed at testing hypotheses is a descriptive study. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? An attack rate is an incidence rate calculated for a particular population for a single disease outbreak and is expressed as a percentage. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? All school districts are required to have at least one full-time school nurse. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? AIDS and tuberculosis are examples of chronic communicable diseases. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? A time of great growth in health care facilities and providers describes the spiritual era of public health. A. True B. False
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B
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True or False? A formal alliance of organizations that come together to work for a common goal is a coalition. A. True B. False
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A
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True or False? A community is a group of people who have common characteristics. A. True B. False
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A
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The primary responsibility for the health of school-aged children lies with: A. the community B. their parents/guardians C. the school board D. the school teachers
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B
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The power to arrest someone who refuses to undergo treatment for a communicable disease lies with A. a local health officer B. a community health nurse C. a member of the local board of health D. a scientist within the NIH
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A
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The part of the health curriculum that outlines what will be taught is the: A. sequence B. policy C. scope D. Coordinated School Health Program
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C
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The number of events that occur in a given population in a given period of time is a: A. case B. pandemic C. rate D. notifiable disease
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C
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The national health survey that is a state-based telephone survey of the civilian, noninstitutional, adult population that seeks to ascertain the prevalence of high-risk behaviors is the: A. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System B. National Health Interview Survey C. National Health Care Survey D. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
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A
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The means by which structure and organization are given to the planning process are: A. planning models B. interventions C. evaluations D. outcomes
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A
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The main reason for corporate involvement in community health is due to A. efforts to keep infectious disease rates low B. their tax status C. the provision of health care benefits to employees D. the federal mandates for employee wellness programs
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C
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The group whose primary role is to provide coordination of the various components of the Coordinated School Health Program is the: A. school health coordinators B. health teachers C. school nurses D. school health advisory council
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D
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The general public has become more aware of violence in schools because of: A. the number of high-profile incidents of violence in schools across the country B. the Coordinated School Health Program C. gun control laws D. the marketing efforts schools have placed on violence prevention
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B
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The first iteration of Healthy People was released during: A. the nineteenth century B. the bacteriological period of public health C. the health resources development period D. the period of health promotion
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D
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The evaluation that focuses on immediate observable effects of a program is: A. process evaluation B. formative evaluation C. impact evaluation D. outcome evaluation
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C
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The capability of a communicable disease agent to cause disease in a susceptible host is A. pathogenicity B. indirect transmission C. infectivity D. etiology
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A
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The beginning of government's major involvement in social issues, including health, was marked by the: A. United States involvement in World War II B. Hill-Burton Act in 1946 C. establishment of Medicare in 1965 D. Social Security Act of 1935
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D
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The Shattuck report marked the beginning of the: A. eighteenth century B. health resource development period C. modern era of public health D. implementation of Healthy People 2020 efforts
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C
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Studies that seek to describe the extent of disease in regard to person, time, and place are: A. analytic studies B. observational studies C. descriptive studies D. case/control studies
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C
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Relationships and structures within a community that promote cooperation for mutual benefit describes: A. community organizing B. community capacity C. social capital D. locality development
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C
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Providing direct health care to students and staff, providing screening and referral for health conditions, and promoting health are all responsibilities of the: A. school nurses B. school health coordinators C. school health advisory council D. health teachers .
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A
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Program goals: A. are easier to complete than objectives B. have specific deadlines C. are measured in exact terms D. are more encompassing than objectives
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D
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Priority health content for a school health curriculum includes: A. mental and emotional health B. tobacco C. personal health and wellness D. all of these are correct
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D
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Osteoarthritis and diabetes are examples of A. acute communicable diseases B. chronic noncommunicable diseases C. chronic communicable diseases D. acute noncommunicable diseases
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B
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Numerous resources became available to help schools develop policies because of the requirements of: A. the Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004 B. the American Academy of Pediatrics C. the National School Health Coordinator Leadership Institute D. Action for Healthy Kids
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A
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Most voluntary health agencies exist at the A. local level only B. local, state, and national levels C. local and state levels D. local, state, national, and international levels
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B
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Morbidity rates measure: A. sickness B. death C. life expectancy D. birth
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A
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John Snow's removal of a drinking water pump handle in 1854 in London, stopped a: A. cholera epidemic B. waterborne disease outbreak C. smallpox epidemic D. yellow fever epidemic
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A
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Implementing an intervention with a series of small groups instead of the entire population is: A. phasing in B. full implementation C. best practices D. pilot testing
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C
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Health education and health promotion programs are examples of A. primary prevention B. secondary prevention C. tertiary prevention D. none of these are correct
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A
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Epidemiology is sometimes referred to as A. personal medicine B. population medicine C. pandemic medicine D. standardized medicine
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A
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Differences in health among different populations defines: A. lifestyle diseases B. population health C. social engineering D. health disparities
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D
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Components of the Coordinated School Health Program include: A. physical education B. nutrition services C. health promotion for staff D. all of these are correct
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D
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Community health concern of the 21st century include: A. lifestyle diseases B. environmental problems C. health care delivery D. all of these are correct
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D
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Communities implementing case-finding measures and providing adequate health personnel, equipment, and facilities for the community are examples of: A. secondary prevention of noncommunicable diseases B. secondary prevention of communicable diseases C. tertiary prevention of communicable diseases D. tertiary prevention of noncommunicable diseases
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A
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Because of the low priority given to health in many school districts, much of the health education is provided by A. individuals other than health education specialists B. physicians C. nurses and licensed dieticians D. health education specialists
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A
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Appendicitis and poisoning are examples of: A. acute noncommunicable diseases B. acute communicable diseases C. chronic communicable diseases D. chronic noncommunicable diseases
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A
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An example of a quasi-governmental health organization is A. the National Science Foundation B. a county health department C. the National Institutes of Health (NIH) D. the American Cancer Society
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A
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An epidemic curve depicting a distribution of cases traceable to multiple sources of exposure is a: A. descriptive study B. propagated epidemic curve C. case control study D. point source epidemic curve
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B
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Agencies that are funded primarily through tax dollars are referred to as A. voluntary agencies B. professional associations C. philanthropic foundations D. governmental agencies
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D
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Actions that society takes collectively to ensure that the conditions in which people can be healthy can occur defines A. Health B. Public health C. Population health D. Community health
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C
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A study that seeks to compare those diagnosed with a disease with those who do not have the disease for prior exposure to specific risk factors is a: A. experimental study B. case/control study C. descriptive study D. cohort study
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B
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Community organizers need to negotiate entry into a community with ________ who control both formally and informally the political climate of the community.
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Gatekeeper
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Community organization is an art of _______________ within a democratic process.
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Building Consensus
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Minkler and Wallerstein (2005) classified community organizing/ building based on two main criteria: 1) ______ vs. conflict ; 2) need-based vs. ________.
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1) consensus vs. Conflict and 2) need based vs. Strengths-based
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The three essential characteristics of disease we look for in descriptive epidemiology are 1) _____, 2) _______, and 3) __________.
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1) person, 2) place, and 3) time
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________ is a special incidence rate calculated for a particular population for a single disease outbreak expressed as a percentage.
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Attack Rate
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We can classify organizations that shape community health into three categories: 1) governmental organization, 2) _____________________, and 3) Nongovernmental organization.
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1) governmental organization, 2) quasi-governmental organization, and 3) nongovernmental organization
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This type of organization (_______________________) is one of the nongovernmental health agencies. It is funded by donations and fundraising events. American Cancer Society, American Health Association, and American Lung Association are the examples of this type of organization.
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Voluntary
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The three essential characteristics of disease we look for in descriptive epidemiology are 1) time, 2) _______, and 3) people.
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place
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Three factors,1) host, 2) ___________, and 3) environment, are the minimal requirements for the occurrence and spread of communicable diseases in a population.
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agent
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Coordinated School Health program (CSHP) indicates "an organized set of policies, procedures, and activities designed to protect, promote, and imorivd the health and well-being of students and staff, thus improving a student's ____________.
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ability to learn
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.Community organizing is a process through which communities are helped to _____ common problems or goals, _______ resources, and in other ways develop and ____________ strategies for reaching their goals they collectively set.
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Identify, Mobilize, Implement
