Pysch 1 – Flashcard
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
From the 1920s into the 1960s be able to explain what American psychologists emphasized as they defined psychology.
answer
Psychology redefined as the scientific study of observable behavior
question
Neuroscience
answer
How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences.
question
Evolutionary
answer
How the natural selection of trait promotes the perpetuation of one's genes.
question
Behavior genetics
answer
How much our genes and our environment influences our individual differences.
question
Psychodynamic
answer
How behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts.
question
Behavioral
answer
How we learn observable repsosnes
question
Cognitive
answer
How we encode, process, store, and retrieve information
question
Social-Cultural
answer
How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures.
question
What does a theory do when using the scientific method?
answer
A scientific theory is a specific type of theory used in the scientific method. The term "theory" can mean something different, depending on whom you ask.
question
Be able to identify the general function of Axons and Dendrites.
answer
..Dendrites receive information from other neurons Axons transmit or send information to other neurons, muscles, and glands
question
Be able to define what a Synapse is and does.
answer
.. Plays a fundamental role in the communication between neurons and junction between one neuron's axon and another's dendrites/cell body
question
Distinguish between the general functions of the _________ nervous system(s): Central: Peripheral: Somatic:
answer
...Central: Brain Spinal cord These are composed of interneurons Peripheal:Connects the central nervous system to the body's organs and muscles Autonomic nervous system (ANS) Somatic nervous system (skeletal nervous system) Somatic: controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles
question
Explain, in general, what specific nervous system is responsible for how messages are transmitted from the spinal cord to heart muscles; from spinal cord to muscles in your hand.
answer
...Sympathetic
question
How long do sleep cycles last?
answer
...90 MINS
question
Introspection:
answer
... is the examination of one's own conscious thoughts and feelings.
question
Theory:
answer
... An organized set of concepts that explains a phenomenon or set of phenomena.
question
Hypothesis:
answer
...A tentative and testable explanation of the relationship between two (or more) events or variables; often stated as a prediction that a certain outcome will result from specific conditions.
question
Replication:
answer
... involves the process of repeating a study using the same methods, different subjects, and different experimenters.
question
Correlational research:
answer
...A correlation is simply defined as a relationship between two variables. The whole purpose of using correlations in research is to figure out which variables are connected.
question
Random sampling:
answer
...which each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected to represent the whole.
question
Hindsight bias:
answer
...the tendency of people to overestimate their ability to have predicted an outcome that could not possibly have been predicted.
question
Action potential:
answer
...threshold in a neuron is the point of depolarization at which the neuron fires, transmitting information to another neuron.
question
Myelin sheath:
answer
..Helps efficient transmission of signals to other cells Weak muscles Poor eyesight Impaired physical movement
question
the false consensus effect:
answer
... a person tends to overestimate the extent to which their opinions, beliefs, preferences, values, and habits are normal and typical of those of others
question
Sensory Neurons
answer
...are responsible for bringing information from sensory receptors (like the nerves in your hand) to the central nervous system (spinal cord and brain).
question
Brain Plasticity:
answer
...refers to the brain's ability to CHANGE throughout life
question
Natural selection:
answer
BEST GENES SURVUVE
question
Circadian rhythm:
answer
...Often referred to as the "body clock", the circadian rhythm is a 24-hour cycle that tells our bodies when to sleep and regulates many other physiological processes.
question
Consciousness:
answer
...the state of being awake and aware of one's surroundings.
question
Hallucinations:
answer
...an experience involving the apparent perception of something not present.
question
Disassociations:
answer
...separation of normally related mental processes, resulting in one group functioning independently from the rest, leading in extreme cases to disorders such as multiple personality.
