Psychology chp. 11/12 – Flashcards
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C) a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a goal
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Motivation is defined by psychologists as
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C) instinct
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A complex, unlearned, and fixed pattern of behavior common to all members of a species is called a(n)
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D) an instinct
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As soon as sea turtles are hatched on a beach, they had directly for the ocean. This behavior is an example of
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A) a drive
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For a thirsty person, drinking water serves to reduce
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D) bordem
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The arousal theory of motivation would be most useful for understanding the aversive effects of
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B) adequate clothing; self-esteem
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According to Maslow, our need for ___ must be met before we are preoccupied with satisfying our need for
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D) dominate consciousness
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People become obsessed with water when thirsty and obsessed with food when hungry. This illustrates that activated motives
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D) The specific body weight maintained automatically by most adults over long periods of time.
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The set point is
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D) increased by a diet high in carbohydrates
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The level of serotonin in the brain is
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B) increase in hunger and a decrease in metabolic rate
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A dieter who is wheat falls below his or her setpoint is likely to experience a(n)
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D) all of these things
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The likely outcome of an increase in a person's feelings of acceptance and connection is an increase in
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D) self-important
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Narcissism refers to feeling
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B) social psychology
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Which branch of psychology is most directly concerned with the study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another?
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D) how people explain others' behavior
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Attribution theory was designed to account for
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D) situation influences; personal dispositions
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The fundamental attribution error refers to our tendency to underestimate the impact of ____ and to overestimate the impact of ____ in explaining the behavior of others
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C) belief-based feelings
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Attitudes are _____ that guide behavior
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C) comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a small request
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The foot-in-the-door phenomenon refers to the tendency to
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A) cognitive dissonance
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The discomfort we feel when to thoughts are inconsistent is called
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B) the chameleon effect
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Unconsciously mimicking those around us is known as
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C) rules for socially expected and accepted behavior
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Social norms are best described as
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B) perform well - learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others
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Social facilitation refers to the tendency to
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C) a loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations that fosters arousal and anonymity
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Deindividuation refers to
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B) an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members
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Prejudice is best defined as
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D) ingroup bias
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Kelly is a Republican and Carlos is a Democrat. Both believe that the members of their own political party or more fair-minded and trustworthy than members of any other party. This belief best illustrates
