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structuralists

answer

If while watching an exquisite sunset you stop and analyze your sensations, thoughts, and feelings, you would be performing introspection as the ____ once did.

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The results of his experimental research

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did not have a significant influence on the development of Freud's theory

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behaviorist

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the type of psychologist who would be most likely to study rats in a laboratory setting

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his prior experiences

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If Dr. Maple is a behaviorist, he would most likely believe that the cause of a child's disruptive behavior in school is a result of

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Humanistic perspective

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oliver is studying motivation in chimpanzees. His roommate doesn't think that oliver's research will produce much useful information about human motivation because he believes that information from animal studies will not provide meaningful information about human experiences. Olivers roommate apparently has......

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Humanism

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a psychologist whose primary goal is to help people reach their potential most likely follows the principles of

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A clinical psychologist

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Michael is having problems relating to othe people because he is exhibiting delusions and hallucinations. He will most likely seek help from a......

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shaping behavior by reinforcement

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least likely to be studied by a cognitive psychologist

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Biological perspective

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Professor Vasquez believes that nearly all psychological disorders can ultimately be traced to abnormalities in brain chemistry. His beliefs are most consistent with the ....

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Evolutionary perspective

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Professor Immel believes that behaviors that are predominant in certain species probably serve some adaptive function. his beliefs are most consistent with

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how people relate to each other and influence each other

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Larry is a graduate student whose major area of interest is social psychology. you should expect that he is most interested in .....

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the factors that lead people to act consistently across a variety of situations

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Marie is a graduate student whose major area of interest is personality psychology. sje is most interested in...

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A counseling psychologist

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Dr. Lopez is a psychologist who evaluates, diagnoses, and treats people with everyday problems of moderate severity. what type of psychologist is he?

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identifying key ideas in each paragraph he reads

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steve is having difficulty retaining information when he studies. The behavior that is most likely to help him improve his retention is....

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Remembering locations

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based on an evolutionary analysis of spatial skills, you should predict that Jill will be better than Jack at

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experimental group

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D and A both take part in a research study that is investigating the effects of sleep deprivation on reaction time. D is kept awake for 24 hours straight, A follows her normal sleep routine. In this study, D is part of the

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Hypothesis

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Mrs. Smith, an elementary school teacher, believes that girls are smarter than boys. She predicts that the girls in her class will learn more than the boys during the school year. her prediction is an....

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archival research

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Jackson is working with a company to help it develop more effective training programs for its employees. He has spent a great deal of time reviewing all the documentation the company has about the previous training opportunities it has provided for its employees. up to this point Jackson has been engaged in...

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the use of non-random assignment

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Dr. Kalmagura plans on introducing a new exam review procedure in his chemistry classes. Th check the effectiveness of the new procedure, he is going to have half of his students try the new technique for one semester, while the remaining students review in the way they have always done in the past. He asks each student to decide which of the techniques they would like to use, the new technique or the standard technique. In this example, Dr. Kalmagura's procedure illustrates

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Operational

answer

A psychologist measures blood alcohol level to determine intoxication. In this example, blood alcohol level is the ____ definition of intoxication.

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they do not manipulate the variables under study

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Naturalistic observation, case studies, and surveys all have in common that

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case study research

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Dr. Kincaid was interested in the topic of autistic savants (individuals with limited abilities in many areas, but with an exceptional talent in one specific area). In the initial part of the investigation, Dr. Kincaid carefully observed and compiled detailed files on three individuals who were autistic savants. Dr. Kincaid is conducting

question

formulate a testable hypothesis

answer

Dr. Dobbins wants to study attachment patterns in single-parent families. The first step in her scientific investigation would be to

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can be used to investigate factors that would be unethical to manipulate in an experimental study

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Trevor plans to study the relationship between people's responses to highly stressful situations and their overall health. He decides he must use correlational research, rather than experimental research, to investigate this problem. Trevor most likely chose a correlational method because correlational studies

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measurement and description

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Answering the question of "how" some phenomenon can be studied is most closely associated with which goal of science?

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a questionnaire

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Laura answered a series of written questions that asked about her attitudes and opinions on a number of current issues. The method of data collection that was being used in this case was

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the exercise

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An experimenter tests the hypothesis that physical exercise improves mood. Subjects in the experimental group exercise Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays and both those in the experimental and those in the control group have their mood tested on Tuesdays and Thursdays. What is the independent variable?

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small toes

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Suppose a researcher discovered a +.87 correlation between the length of a person's toes and the number of shoes the person owns. In general, people who own the fewest number of shoes would have

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variables

answer

IQ score, age, weight, grade point average, and income are all examples of

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reduce the impact of experimenter bias

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Dr. Webb designs a research study in which neither the subjects nor the individuals who interact directly with the subjects know which is the control group and which is the experimental group in the study. Dr. Webb probably chose this type of research design in order to

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sodium ions are concentrated outside the neurons and chloride ions are concentrated inside the neurons.

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Bradley is deeply relaxed and his muscles are not moving at all. This suggests that, for Bradley's motor neurons,

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the right hemisphere

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Which of the following parts of the brain is MOST likely to play a major role in the work of artists, architects, and engineers, who must rely heavily on visual-spatial skills?

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a computerized tomography (CT) scan

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Sigourney's doctors think she might have a tumor, and they would like to use a brain-imaging technique that will provide them with an accurate image of her brain structure. The technique that they are most likely to use would be

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areas where the myelin sheath has degenerated

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Emma has multiple sclerosis. If you could view her nervous system, you would find

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dopamine

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Kesha has just begun taking a new drug that produces side effects like muscular rigidity and tremors. Based on this information, Kesha's drug may be acting on her ___________ system.

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medial forebrain bundle

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Electrodes placed in which location are likely to produce the highest rates of self-stimulation by an animal?

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somatic nervous system

answer

The movement of voluntary skeletal muscles involved in doing calisthenics is under the control of the

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"I saw a cup."

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Imagine that a picture of a spoon is briefly flashed in the left visual field of an individual with a severed corpus callosum. At the same time, a picture of a cup is briefly flashed in the right visual field. Based on research with split-brain patients, you could predict that this individual will say,

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relieve pain

answer

Opiate drugs bind onto the same receptor sites as the body's own endorphins. Therefore, opiate drugs tend to

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efferent fibers

answer

When you are walking, the brain sends messages to the skeletal muscles in the legs by way of

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polygenic trait

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Skin color is determined by three to five gene pairs. This makes skin color

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generating information

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NOT one of the main functions of neurons

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oxytocin

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After inhaling a secret substance, John displays more empathy and is more trusting of others. It is likely that the secret substance contained

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male wild turkeys growing larger beak ornaments

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NOT an example of a behavioral adaptation

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Müller-Lyer illusion.

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The fact that the corner of a building thrust toward the viewer looks shorter than an inside corner thrust away from the viewer can be accounted for by the

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Gestalt psychology

answer

Rather than provide details about the party she just attended, Patty tried to give her overall impression. Patty was operating on the assumption of ____, that the whole may be greater than the mere sum of its parts.

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trichromatic theory

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Television sets are able to recreate the entire visible spectrum by additively mixing three primary colors. This process is similar to the view of human color vision called

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closure

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We often perceive a series of dots on a printed form as a "solid" line because of the Gestalt principle of

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the lens would focus images behind the retina in her left eye

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Courtney wears glasses to correct the farsightedness in her left eye. If she were not wearing her glasses

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peripheral vision

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NOT an aspect of vision associated with cones

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texture gradient

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Photographers use special filters to cloud the image and give the perception of distance to photographs. Which monocular cue of depth perception does this demonstrate?

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sweet and bitter tastes

answer

Eloise is an individual who is classified as a supertaster. She is likely to be especially sensitive to

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light adaptation

answer

Sally woke up in the middle of the night and turned on the light in her bedroom, forcing her to squint to ward off the bright light. Sally is experiencing

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contrast effects.

answer

Last year, Fiona had a yard sale. She marked the prices of items very reasonably, and she refused to reduce them when people tried to "deal." This year, she had another yard sale, but this time, she marked the prices of items quite high, and then reduced them by 50% or more when people asked to "deal." Fiona was surprised to find that she made much more money this year. When she asks you why this might have happened, you explain how judgments can be affected by

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bottom-up processing

answer

Vanessa describes a new melody that she heard at a concert by telling you each of the individual notes in the order that they were played. In providing this type of description, it appears that Vanessa processed the melody using

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frequency

answer

When a clarinet plays a high C followed by a low C, these two notes are perceived differently because they differ in

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gate-control

answer

If Professor Gannon were to argue that incoming pain sensations must pass through an opening in the spinal cord and that this opening could be closed, thus blocking ascending pain signals, which theory would Dr. Gannon be arguing?

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his vision will start to become quite blurry.

answer

Isaiah is having his eyes checked. The doctor has put drops in Isaiah's eyes that will cause the pupils to open wide. As the drops begin to work, Isaiah will MOST likely notice that

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differing in brightness.

answer

If a person views three lights that differ only in amplitude, the person would perceive the lights as

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