question

Which of the following statements best describes Freud's view of human nature? A) We are like other animals in that our master motive is the satisfaction of biological needs, B) What differentiates us from other animals is our spiritual nature, C) What we are is determined mainly by the environment, D) Humans are basically gregarious, i.e., social in nature.

answer

A

question

Paul, an aggressive child, had problems in elementary school as he would frequently fight with other children. Paul found when he entered high school that he could channel his hostility into sports such as football and soccer.

answer

displacement

question

Psychosexual stage that lasts from about the 6th year to about the 12th year of life. It is a time when sexual activity is repressed and an abundance of substitute activities are engaged in, such as learning and athletics.

answer

latency stage

question

Drives or forces that maintain life processes and assures propagation of the species.

answer

life impulses

question

Belief that life cannot be explained in terms of physical events and processes along; rather, some nonphysical, vital force must be postulated.

answer

vitalism

question

James Riley has suffered heavy financial losses recently while playing the stock market. Upon trading his big luxury car for an old small car, Jim informed his associates that he bought the cheaper car to do his part in the battle against air pollution.

answer

rationalization

question

The superego consists of: A) idinal impulses, B) reality testing, C) plan of action, D) primary process, E) None of the above.

answer

E

question

a procedure that wards off anxiety and prevents its conscious perception.

answer

defense mechanism

question

A subsystem of the superego consisting of an idealistic internal measure or standard of what one should be.

answer

ego ideal

question

Mrs. brown often accuses other women of talking too much and spreading rumors. It is rather obvious to those who know her that she is revealing her own inclination sin that area.

answer

projection

question

The majority group of a culture may blame all the various ills of society on a small minority group. This is a process termed "scapegoating" and is a factor in racial and religious prejudice.

answer

displacement

question

One psychology theory holds that the desire for sexual gratification, if frustrated or blocked, may eventually find expression in painting or the writing of poetry.

answer

sublimation

question

Accidentally forgetting a feared appointment is an example of which ego defense mechanism?

answer

repression

question

According to Freud, our most overwhelming experience of anxiety occurs when we are separated from our mother at birth. Freud called this experience: A) neurotic anxiety, B) moral anxiety, C) birth trauma, D) reality anxiety.

answer

C

question

Form of a dream distortion in which one dream element represents several ideas at the same time.

answer

condensation

question

more or less fixed amount of energy that Freud believed was available to drive the entire personality. According to Freud, psychic energy obeyed the principle of conservation of energy.

answer

psychic energy

question

Which characteristic of an instinct/drive refers to the experience or object that removes or reduces the bodily deficiency?

answer

object

question

Mrs. James can't understand why her husband has been so grumpy and irritable with her for the past week. It certainly isn't' her fault that he didn't receive the anticipated promotion at the factory. Her husband's behaviors exemplify....

answer

displacement

question

contributions of Freud's theory: 1) demonstrated importance of anxiety, 2) psychotherapy for treating anxiety, 3) unconscious, 4) physical disorders can have non physical origins, 5) childhood conflicts have lifelong consequences, 6) children do have emotions, 7) ego defenses, 8) ________.

answer

cultural impact on art etc

question

Defense mechanism used to satisfy an impulse with a substitute object, either because such an outlet is unavailable or because it is forbidden.

answer

displacement

question

Boy's fear that he is going to lose his sex organs because they are regarded as the source of difficulty between the boy and his father.

answer

castration anxiety

question

contributions of Freud's theory: 1) demonstrated importance of anxiety, 2) ________, 3) unconscious, 4) physical disorders can have non physical origins, 5) childhood conflicts have lifelong consequences, 6) children do have emotions, 7) ego defenses, 8) cultural impact on art etc.

answer

psychotherapy for treating anxiety

question

Three origins of anxiety: 1) reality, 2) neurotic, 3) _________.

answer

moral

question

Removing the bodily deficiency, thereby reestablishing internal balance refers to which characteristic of an instinct?

answer

aim

question

A number of psychologists believe that social crusaders who advocate various forms of social control may in reality be struggling with their own unconscious desires.

answer

reaction formation

question

an emotional or psychic energy derived from the biological drive of sexuality.

answer

libido

question

Mr. Martin carried around a letter in his coat pocket for weeks. the note which he somehow neglected mailing was an invitation to his mother-in-law to visit the family for several months.

answer

repression

question

The general feeling of impending danger.

answer

anxiety

question

What principle rules the ego?

answer

reality principle

question

An ego-defense mechanism postulated by Anna Freud by which the fear caused by a person is reduced or eliminated by internalizing the feared person's values and mannerisms.

answer

identification with the aggressor

question

Psychosexual stage of development in which the sexual drive was thought to go underground. A massive repression of the sexuality so that industrial tasks are learned during childhood.

answer

latency period

question

Freud's clinical methods: 1) case study, 2) free association, 3) ________.

answer

dream analysis

question

Defense mechanism that refers to the unconscious attribution of an impulse attitude or behavior to someone else or some element in the environment.

answer

projection

question

The mother of an unwanted child may feel guilty about not welcoming her child. As a result she may try to prove her love by becoming overindulgent and overprotective of the child

answer

reaction formation

question

Expenditure of energy to prevent a cathexis that would cause anxiety.

answer

anticathexis

question

Defense mechanism in which a person attempts t make up for an unacceptable behavior with another one to take its place.

answer

undoing

question

A primary process activity that seeks to reduce tension by forming an image of the object which would satisfy needs.

answer

wish fulfillment

question

The thoughts, feelings and wishes that a person is aware of at any given moment.

answer

consciousness

question

Giving flowers after infidelity is an example of which ego defense mechanism?

answer

undoing

question

Verbal "accident" that is thought to reveal the speaker's true feelings.

answer

Freudian slip

question

contributions of Freud's theory: 1) demonstrated importance of anxiety, 2) psychotherapy for treating anxiety, 3) ________, 4) physical disorders can have non physical origins, 5) childhood conflicts have lifelong consequences, 6) children do have emotions, 7) ego defenses, 8) cultural impact on art etc.

answer

unconscious

question

contributions of Freud's theory: 1) demonstrated importance of anxiety, 2) psychotherapy for treating anxiety, 3) unconscious, 4) ________, 5) childhood conflicts have lifelong consequences, 6) children do have emotions, 7) ego defenses, 8) cultural impact on art etc.

answer

physical disorders can have non physical origins

question

In psychoanalysis, the process in which the analyst has an emotional reaction to the patient.

answer

counter-transference

question

Parts of Freud's structural model of personality that use cathexis.

answer

id, ego, superego

question

Name given to the death instinct. The source of aggression that Freud believed was self-destruction turned outward.

answer

thanatos

question

Reformers may conduct campaigns against pornographic literature in order to fight their own erotic interest in such material. They campaign to convince others of their won purity and goodness.

answer

reaction formation

question

Processes available to the id for satisfaction of needs. Those processes are reflex action and wish fulfillment (hallucinations).

answer

primary processes

question

Resynthesizing dream elements after they have been distorted by dream work. This resynthesizing gives the distorted dream elements enough meaning to be accepted into consciousness. Also called secondary elaboration.

answer

secondary revision

question

Substitution of one cathexis that is anxiety-provoking with one that is not. Also a form of dream distortion in which an acceptable image is substituted for an unacceptable one - for example, when one dreams of mountains instead of breasts.

answer

displacement

question

Repression of those anxiety-provoking thoughts that are innately part of the id and therefore independent of personal experience.

answer

primal repression

question

Aggression directed toward a person or object less threatening than the one causing the aggressive impulse.

answer

displaced aggression

question

Defense mechanism in which the person takes in the values and behaviors of a person who could be a threat in order the reduce anxiety.

answer

identification with the aggressor

question

The girl who was not invited to the school dance told her friends that she would not have attended if asked. she said that her teachers had assigned more homework than usual and that she was simply too busy for any unimportant social functions.

answer

rationalization

question

Three origins of anxiety: 1) _________, 2) neurotic, 3) moral.

answer

reality

question

Lamark's contention that the information learned during a person's lifetime can be passed on to that person's offspring.

answer

inheritance of acquired characteristics

question

True or False: Freudian theory can be criticized for being internally inconsistent.

answer

TRUE

question

Investment of psychic energy in the image of an object that will satisfy a need.

answer

cathexis

question

According to Freud, a female child's sexuality changes from masculine to feminine when she: A) identifies with her mother, B) represses her natural sexual desires, C) fantasizes about having her father's baby, D) fantasizes about making her mother pregnant.

answer

C

question

Freud's early contention that hysteria results from an actual sexual seduction experienced during childhood; later revised to state that most seductions were imagined rather than real.

answer

secondary theory

question

In his youth Michael was curious about sex. Later he became a clinical therapist/researcher who specializes in sexual dysfunctions. Satisfying his sexual curiosity by conducting sophisticated research into sexual behaviors is an example of _______.

answer

sublimation

question

Patient's unwillingness to ponder and report anxiety-producing thoughts during the therapeutic process. Freud believed that resistance was highly informative because it suggested what were troublesome topics for the patient.

answer

resistance

question

Adopting the mannerisms and appearance of a favourite sports hero is an example of which ego defense mechanism?

answer

identification

question

Mike is always trying to impress his pals with how strong and independent he has become. However, when mikes has social or emotional problems, he still wants his dad to figure out the solution

answer

regression

question

Which of the following is governed by the reality principle: A) ego-ideal, B) superego, C) ego, D) id.

answer

C

question

Caused by real, objective sources of danger in the environment. It is the easiest type of anxiety to reduce or prevent.

answer

reality anxiety

question

Joan has discovered an amazing coincidence in relation to her attendance at school every time at test in Spanish is scheduled she oversleeps and arrives at school too late for the class.

answer

repression

question

contributions of Freud's theory: 1) demonstrated importance of anxiety, 2) psychotherapy for treating anxiety, 3) unconscious, 4) physical disorders can have non physical origins, 5) childhood conflicts have lifelong consequences, 6) ________, 7) ego defenses, 8) cultural impact on art etc.

answer

children do have emotions

question

For the male, a complex that begins when a boy loves his mother and views his father as a dominant rival for her affection. For the male, it this complex is resolved when he defensively identifies with his father, thus completing the development of his superego. For the female, a complex that begins when the girl discovers she lacks a penis and blames her mother for the deficiency. For the female, it is partially resolved when she symbolically takes her father as a love object and desires a baby from him. This desire generalizes to other males, and is more completely resolved only if she ultimately gives birth to a child, especially a male child.

answer

Oedipus complex

question

Final psychosexual stage and the one that follows puberty. It is a time when the full adult personality emerges and when the experiences that occurred during the pregenital stages manifest themselves.

answer

genital stage

question

Returning to an earlier stage of development when stress is encountered.

answer

regression

question

Manifistations of repressed thoughts in everyday life such as slips of the tongue, "accidents," forgetfulness, and errors in writing and speaking.

answer

parapraxes

question

contributions of Freud's theory: 1) demonstrated importance of anxiety, 2) psychotherapy for treating anxiety, 3) unconscious, 4) physical disorders can have non physical origins, 5) ________, 6) children do have emotions, 7) ego defenses, 8) cultural impact on art etc.

answer

childhood conflicts have lifelong consequences

question

A six-year-old child, who gave up bed-wetting at the age of three, moves with his parents to a new neighborhood. During the stressful period of adjusting to his new home, he again wets the bed for several nights.

answer

regression

question

A person who is stingy, a hoarder, like a bag lady or a perfectionist would be considered to have what type of character, according to Freud?

answer

anal retentive

question

The dream as it is remembered the next morning.

answer

manifest dream

question

Defense mechanism in which an impulse is expressed by its opposite.

answer

reaction formation

question

The conjuring of an image of an object or event that is capable of satisfying a biological need.

answer

wish fulfillment

question

Tory is apt to become annoyed when he recalls his earlier conviction as a peeping tom. Tory has left his sordid past behind him and is now a busy photographer for Playboy magazine.

answer

sublimation

question

Roger is a heavy drinker but has managed to keep his behavior a secret from is friends. He is sure that most people actually drink as much as he does.

answer

projection

question

Stockholm syndrome is an example of which ego defense mechanism?

answer

identification with the aggressor

question

Automatic reflexive response aimed at the removal of a source of irritation. Blinking to remove something from the eye is an example.

answer

reflex action

question

First psychosexual stage and the one that occurs during about the first year of life at which time the mouth is the primary erogenous zone.

answer

oral stage

question

Defense mechanism that refers to re-channeling a wish, the direct expression of which is socially unacceptable, into a socially desirable outlet.

answer

sublimation

question

In psychoanalysis, the process in which the patient projects onto the analysit emotional attitudes felt as a child.

answer

transference

question

The individual who actually likes to have others do things for him may be quick to criticize other people for being dependent and lazy.

answer

projection

question

Third psychosexual stage and the one that occurs from about the third to the fifth year of life, during which time the phallus is the primary erogenous zone. Because Freud believed the clitoris to be a small penis, he used the term phallic stage to describe the development of both male and female children.

answer

phallic stage

question

Self destruction turned against other people.

answer

aggressive drive

question

Adult temper tantrum is an example of which ego defense mechanism?

answer

regression

question

Psychological activity of the id characterized by immediate wish fulfillment and the disregard for realistic concerns.

answer

primary process

question

Using logical, rational thought to strip an idea of its emotional content exemplifies which type of ego-defense mechanism? A) Sublimation, B) Displaced aggression, C) Intellectualization, D) Rationalization, E) Reaction formation, F) Denial of reality, G) Projection.

answer

C

question

A person who is gullible or reverts to eating a lot would be considered to have what type of character, according to Freud?

answer

oral incorporative

question

Character type that results from a fixation at the late anal stage. Such a person may suffer from constipation and may be stingy.

answer

anal-retentive character

question

When we recall a dream, we describe its __________ or what it appears to be about: A) latent content, B) synthesis, C) dream work, D) manifest content.

answer

D

question

Lady Macbeth's hand washing is an example of which ego defense mechanism?

answer

reaction formation

question

What is the source of a neurotic anxiety?

answer

id

question

A boy will sometimes react against the strong sexual attraction that he feels towards girls by becoming a confirmed "woman hater".

answer

reaction formation

question

Phenomenon where-by a person performs an act while awake that he or she was instructed to perform while under hypnosis. Typically, the person is unaware of the reason for performing such an act.

answer

posthypnotic suggestion

question

The habitual drinker may insist that he really doesn't care much for the taste of alcohol but feels that the is obliged to drink with friends "just to be sociable"

answer

rationalization

question

Moral component of the personality that has two parts: the conscience and the ego ideal.

answer

superego

question

Defense mechanism in which a person is not in touch with a part of reality. They deny that a part of reality exists.

answer

denial of reality

question

Isolation of affect. The minimalization of the negative emotions associated with an event by a detached, logical analysis of the event.

answer

intellectualization

question

It brings the individual in contact with real goal objects; it is the function of the personality that follows the reality principle and that operates according to secondary processes (reality testing). It uses secondary processes to formulate a plan of action. Reality testing is when different methods are used to accomplish the same goal and the best method is selected for use in the future.

answer

ego

question

Term that some critics have used to explain the male counterpart of the Oedipus complex. Freud preferred to use the Oedipus complex for both boys and girls.

answer

electra complex

question

In Freud's earlier writings; the psychic energy associated with the sexual instinct. Later he expanded the concept to include all the life instincts - for instance, hunger and thirst in addition to sex.

answer

libido

question

Pleasurable and conflicting feelings are associated with the genital organis; it occurs from age 3 though 5.

answer

phallic stage

question

When displacement results in something advantageous to civilization, it is called: A) Rationalization, B) Regression, C) Reaction Formation, D) Denial of Reality, E) Projection, F) Sublimation, G) Repression.

answer

F

question

What are the four components of a drive/instinct: 1) source, 2) _______, 3) aim, 4) object.

answer

impetus

question

Which part of the superego rewards proper behavior with pride?

answer

ego ideal

question

After John was rejected by the admissions office at Yale, he claimed that he wouldn't enjoy attending such a large school anyway. Besides, he might receive higher grades at a smaller local school. This is an example of: A) sublimation, B) regression, C) rationalization, D) repression, E) displacement, F) reaction formation, G) projection.

answer

C

question

A function of the personality that represents interjected and internalized values, ideals and moral standards. The superego defines the personal philosophy by dictating what is right and wrong morally for the individual. The superego strives for perfection; thus, it is rigid and unrealistic.

answer

superego

question

Giving a rational, logical (but incorrect) excuse for behavior or thoughts that otherwise would cause anxiety.

answer

rationalization

question

Principle governing the ego that causes it to do commerce with the environment in a way that satisfies both the id and the superego.

answer

reality principle

question

The removal of a bodily deficiency constitutes the __________ of an instinct: A) impetus, B) source, C) aim, D) object.

answer

C

question

Four types of energy in Freud's model of personality: 1) cathexis, 2) anticathexis, 3) _________, 4) thanatos/aggressive drive.

answer

eros/libido

question

Defense mechanism in which a person reduces anxiety by modeling his or her behavior after that of someone else, and the process whereby the child resolves the Oedipus complex by incorporating the parent's ideals (mores into the self.

answer

identification

question

What a dream appears to be about to the dreamer.

answer

manifest content of a dream

question

Unconscious processes that falsify or distort reality to reduce or prevent anxiety.

answer

ego-defense mechanisms

question

What are the four components of a drive/instinct: 1) source, 2) impetus, 3) aim, 4) _______.

answer

object

question

Which characteristic of an instinct/drive is determined by the magnitude of a bodily deficiency?

answer

impetus

question

Margaret is convinced that she received a "C" in her chemistry class instead of an "a" because of widespread cheating by her fellow students. She is sure that she must be as capable in the chemistry course as in her other subjects.

answer

rationalization

question

Mary has secretly disliked her mother since she was a young child. As these feelings arouse anxiety, Mary usually tells friends that she loves her mother very much.

answer

reaction formation

question

criticisms of Freud's theory: 1) nebulous terminology - no operational definitions, 2) mostly untestable, 3) chauvinistic, 4) ________, 5) pessimistic view of human nature.

answer

overemphasis on sexuality

question

Some potentially anxiety-provoking aspect of reality is denied despite abundant information testifying to its existence.

answer

denial of reality

question

Reality anxiety is: A) the most difficult, if not impossible, type of anxiety to reduce, B) the fear of being punished by others for impulsive actions, C) the internal punishment (guilt) experienced when the dictates of one's superego are violated, D) caused by real environmental dangers.

answer

D

question

Series of developmental stages through which all people pass as they move from infancy to adulthood.

answer

psychosexual stages

question

Castration anxiety refers to: A) a boy's fear that he is going to lose his sex organs, B) a boy's hostility toward his father, C) a boy's hostility toward his mother, D) a boy's identification with his mother.

answer

A

question

Hedonistic principle governing the id that demands the immediate reduction of any tension associated with an unsatisfied biological need.

answer

pleasure principle

question

Desires that may be rendered unconscious if they go against a person's ego ideal.

answer

wishes

question

What are the secondary processes used by the ego?

answer

planning, reality testing

question

__________ involves repressing objectionable thoughts and expressing their opposites: A) Sublimation, B) Intellectualization, C) Rationalization, D) Reaction formation, E) Projection, F) Denial of reality, G) Displaced aggression.

answer

D

question

Inhibition of an anxiety-provoking thought by exaggerating its opposite. For example, a person inclined toward pornography may become a censor.

answer

reaction formation

question

What are the primary processes used by the id?

answer

reflexes and wish fulfillment

question

The __________ demands immediate gratification of bodily needs: A) ego, B) superego, C) ego-ideal, D) id.

answer

D

question

contributions of Freud's theory: 1) ________, 2) psychotherapy for treating anxiety, 3) unconscious, 4) physical disorders can have non physical origins, 5) childhood conflicts have lifelong consequences, 6) children do have emotions, 7) ego defenses, 8) cultural impact on art etc.

answer

demonstrated importance of anxiety

question

General term describing disorders such as paralysis of the harms or legs, loss of sensation, disturbances of sight and speech, nausea, and general confusion. Because hysteria has no known organic cause, its root is assumed to be psychological. Until Charcot, hysteria was generally assumed to be exclusively a female disease. Hystera is the Greek word for uterus.

answer

hysteria

question

contributions of Freud's theory: 1) demonstrated importance of anxiety, 2) psychotherapy for treating anxiety, 3) unconscious, 4) physical disorders can have non physical origins, 5) childhood conflicts have lifelong consequences, 6) children do have emotions, 7) ________, 8) cultural impact on art etc.

answer

ego defenses

question

With what does the ego ideal part of the superego reward us?

answer

pride

question

Four types of energy in Freud's model of personality: 1) cathexis, 2) anticathexis, 3) eros/libido, 4) _________.

answer

thanatos/aggressive drive

question

concept that women view themselves as castrated males and envy the penis.

answer

penis envy

question

the real meaning or motive that underlies the dream that we remember.

answer

latent dream

question

For Freud, instincts were the stuff from which personality is shaped. An instinct is the cognitive reflection of a biological deficiency. Instincts have four characteristics - a source, an aim, an object, and an impetus - and can be divided into two categories - life and death.

answer

instinct

question

An ego-defense mechanism by which an attempt is made to atone for, or negate, an acceptable act or thought by engaging in some form of ritualistic activity.

answer

undoing

question

Phenomenon that sometimes occurs during therapy in which the therapist becomes emotional involved with a patient.

answer

counter-transference

question

Character type that results from a fixation at the early anal stage. Such a person may have trouble with bowel control and may be overly generous.

answer

anal-expulsive character

question

Which ego defense mechanism is good for the individual and beneficial to society, allowing civilization to grow?

answer

sublimation

question

Major center for pleasure and conflict is the anus. The major conflict is toilet training.

answer

anal stage

question

Area of the body that is a source of pleasure

answer

erogenous zone

question

Which characteristic of an instinct/drive refers to a bodily deficiency of some kind?

answer

source

question

Defense mechanism in which a person puts the responsibility of decision making into the values of a superior. the person just follows the values of the superior in order not to be held responsible.

answer

altruistic surrender

question

A student forgot that his dreaded final exam in psychology was scheduled for Friday. This seemed unusual as the date of the exam has been marked on his calendar for several weeks.

answer

repression

question

Various mechanisms that distort a dream's latent content.

answer

dream work

question

What are the four components of a drive/instinct: 1) source, 2) impetus, 3) _______, 4) object.

answer

aim

question

Parapraxes refer to: A) praxes that are not quite real, B) the translation of mental conflicts into bodily disorders, C) the manifestation of repressed thoughts in a variety of "mistakes" in everyday life, D) the ability to see into the future.

answer

C

question

Freud's clinical methods: 1) case study, 2) ________, 3) dream analysis.

answer

free association

question

The final psychosexual stage, in which an individual reaches sexual maturity (to love and work). the conflict is commitment versus non-commitment.

answer

genital stage

question

Kicking the dog, not the boss, is an example of which ego defense mechanism?

answer

displacement

question

Freud's clinical methods: 1) ________, 2) free association, 3) dream analysis.

answer

case study

question

Defense mechanism that entails reverting to earlier forms of behavior.

answer

regression

question

Defense mechanism that entails offering reasonable-sounding explanations for unreasonable, unacceptable behaviors.

answer

rationalization

question

Breuer found that Anna O.'s condition improved when she openly expressed her feelings. He referred to this phenomenon as: A) hysteria, B) free association, C) transference, D) catharsis.

answer

D

question

Phenomenon that sometimes occurs during therapy in which a patient begins to respond to the therapist as if he or she were an important person in the patient's life, such as the patient's mother or father.

answer

transference

question

An ego-defense mechanism postulated by Anna Freud by which a person internalizes the values of another person and lives his or her life in accordance with those values

answer

altruistic surrender

question

Bungled acts such as a slip of the tongue, slip of the pen or a memory lapse.

answer

slips

question

Higher intellectual functions that enable the ego to establish suitable courses of action and test them for their effectiveness.

answer

secondary process

question

After John was rejected by the admissions office at Yale, he claimed that he wouldn't enjoy attending such a large school anyway. Besides, he might receive higher grades at a smaller local school.

answer

rationalization

question

The seeking of tension reduction that governs the id.

answer

pleasure principle

question

Images we inherit that reflect the consistent experiences of our ancestors. With his acceptance of such images Freud demonstrated his acceptance of Lamarck's theory of the inheritance of acquired characteristics.

answer

phylogenetically inherited endowment

question

Soldiers exposed to traumatic experiences in concentration camps during wartime sometimes had amnesia and were unable to recall any part of their ordeal.

answer

repression

question

Oldest and original function of personality which includes genetic inheritance, reflex capacities, instincts and drives. It is irrational (pure, unconscious instinctual energy); it seeks pleasure no matter what the consequences.

answer

id

question

French neurologist from whom Freud learned that one's behavior can be determined by ideas of which he or she is unaware. He also learned from this neurologist that persons could become aware of unconscious ideas if pressured to do so.

answer

Hippolyte Bernheim

question

What is the source for a reality anxiety?

answer

environment/real world

question

David Walters recently lost his executive position in a large corporation. Rather than seek a new job, David finds comfort and escape through drinking, as alcohol helps him forget the details of being fired.

answer

regression

question

Attributing your own thoughts to someone else is an example of which ego defense mechanism?

answer

projection

question

The way in which the ego satisfies the impulse of the id in an appropriate manner in the external world.

answer

reality principle

question

Ego-defense mechanism by which anxiety-provoking thoughts are held in the unconscious mind, thereby preventing a conscious awareness of them.

answer

repression

question

A concept in which there is an arrest of growth, and excessive needs characteristic of an earlier stage are created by overindulgence or undue frustration. Libidinal energy remains devoted to an earlier stage of life.

answer

fixation

question

Four types of energy in Freud's model of personality: 1) cathexis, 2) _________, 3) eros/libido, 4) thanatos/aggressive drive.

answer

anticathexis

question

criticisms of Freud's theory: 1) nebulous terminology - no operational definitions, 2) ________, 3) chauvinistic, 4) overemphasis on sexuality, 5) pessimistic view of human nature.

answer

mostly untestable

question

Inability to remember what one has done while hypnotized.

answer

posthypnotic amnesia

question

Repression of those anxiety-provoking thoughts that result from painful experiences in one's lifetime.

answer

repression proper

question

Adults who were sexually molested during childhood often report that all the details of the painful episode have been forgotten.

answer

repression

question

Principle stating that the amount of energy within a system remains constant. Although the amount of energy in a system cannot be increased or decreased, it can be rearranged and transformed freely within the system.

answer

principle of conservation of energy

question

French neurologist from whom Freud learned that physical disorders could have a psychological origin and that hysteria must, therefore, be taken seriously as a disease.

answer

Jean-Martin Charcot

question

criticisms of Freud's theory: 1) ________, 2) mostly untestable, 3) chauvinistic, 4) overemphasis on sexuality, 5) pessimistic view of human nature.

answer

nebulous terminology - no operational definitions

question

The key defense mechanism which entails blocking a wish or desire from expression, so that it cannot be experienced consciously or directly expressed in behavior.

answer

repression

question

The young wife, after a bitter conflict with her husband, gives up marriage as a failure and returns to the home of her parents. She again takes on the role of the dependent child who expects unlimited love and indulgence.

answer

regression

question

Even a top baseball player will sometimes strike out on an easy pitch. when this happens, his next action may be to throw his bad or kick the water cooler with all his might

answer

displacement

question

Sour grapes is an example of which ego defense mechanism?

answer

rationalization

question

A person cannot accept the fact that he or she has a terminal illness. What defense mechanism is this person using? A) Projection, B) Sublimation, C) Rationalization, D) Intellectualization, E) Denial of Reality, F) Reaction Formation, G) Displaced Aggression.

answer

E

question

Psychological representation of an inner bodily source of excitement characterized by its source, impetus, aim and object.

answer

drive/instinct

question

A person who makes biting, sarcastic remarks would be considered to have what type of character, according to Freud?

answer

oral sadistic

question

All the life instincts taken collectively

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eros

question

State of information that is in the unconscious mind but has not been repressed. Such information enters consciousness easily when it is needed.

answer

preconscious

question

Billy always teases and annoys his younger brother after he himself is disciplined by his parents.

answer

displacement

question

Emotional release that occurs when an idea is brought to consciousness and is allowed expression. Physical disorders are often relieved following this release.

answer

catharsis

question

Soldiers exposed to traumatic experiences in concentration camps during wartime sometimes had amnesia and were unable to recall any part of their ordeal. This exemplifies: A) Displacement, B) Regression, C) Reaction Formation, D) Projection, E) Rationalization, F) Repression, G) Sublimation.

answer

F

question

Defense mechanism in which the emotional magnitude is decreased by interjecting more of an intellectual analysis of the situation.

answer

intellectualization

question

Second psychosexual stage that occurs about the second year of life during which time the anal area is the primary erogenous zone.

answer

anal stage

question

Women with strong sexual drive may feel that most other women exhibit flirtatious behavior or wear revealing clothes.

answer

projection

question

What are the four components of a drive/instinct: 1) _______, 2) impetus, 3) aim, 4) object.

answer

source

question

Physician who became Freud's close friend and coauthored Studies on Hysteria. He was the first to use the "talking cure" while treating hysteria, which later evolved into Freud's technique of free association.

answer

Josef Breuer

question

Parts of Freud's structural model of personality that use anticathexis.

answer

ego, superego

question

Ego-defense mechanism my which an anxiety-provoking thought is attributed to someone or something else instead of recognizing it as one's own.

answer

projection

question

Component of the personality that is completely unconscious and contains all the instincts. It is the animalistic portion of the personality that is governed by the pleasure principle.

answer

id

question

Four types of energy in Freud's model of personality: 1) _________, 2) anticathexis, 3) eros/libido, 4) thanatos/aggressive drive.

answer

cathexis

question

Jealousy a female experiences because a male has a penis and she does not.

answer

penis envy

question

That portion of the superego that results from the internalized experiences for which a child has been rewarded. This component of the personality is responsible for the experience of success and pride.

answer

ego ideal

question

Character type that results from a fixation at the late oral stage. Such a person is orally aggressive and may be a fingernail biter and sarcastic.

answer

oral-sadistic character

question

It is typical for the person who is most difficult to convince in an argument to say that everyone else is stubborn.

answer

projection

question

criticisms of Freud's theory: 1) nebulous terminology - no operational definitions, 2) mostly untestable, 3) chauvinistic, 4) overemphasis on sexuality, 5) ________.

answer

pessimistic view of human nature

question

A subsystem of the superego that refers to the capacity for self-evaluation, criticism and reproach.

answer

conscience

question

Major source of pleasure and potential conflicts come from the mouth, occurring approximately during the first year of life. The major conflict is weaning.

answer

oral stage

question

Arrested development at one of the psychosexual stages because of the under-gratification or overgratification of a need. It determines the point to which an adult regresses under stress.

answer

fixation

question

What principle rules the id?

answer

pleasure principle

question

Process by which the ego finds environmental experiences capable of satisfying the needs of the id or superego.

answer

reality testing

question

A person who is a bed wetter, or too generous would be considered to have what type of character, according to Freud?

answer

anal expulsive

question

The guilt experienced when one either does or ponders doing something that violates the values of one's superego.

answer

moral anxiety

question

With what does the conscience part of the super ego punish us?

answer

guilt

question

In psychoanalysis, a technique in which a person verbalizes whatever comes to mind. The pressure technique is when the psychologist physically touches a patient to become a catalyst to emotional release in this process.

answer

free association

question

A dream's true meaning that is disguised or distorted by dream work.

answer

latent content of a dream

question

When a new baby arrives in the family, the older child will sometimes cry more than usual and be more insistent about receiving caresses for the parents.

answer

regression

question

Called by Freud the fundamental rule of psychoanalysis, it entails instructing the patient to say whatever comes to his or her mind no matter how irrelevant, threatening, or nonsensical it may seem.

answer

free association

question

Caused by the fear that the impulses of the id will overwhelm the ego, thereby causing the person to do something for which he or she will be punished.

answer

neurotic anxiety

question

According to Freud, humor is a socially acceptable way of expressing repressed anxiety-provoking thoughts, for example, thought involving sex or aggression.

answer

humor

question

Unconscious psychological conflict in which the child loves the parent of the opposite sex. The male child loves his mother and wants to eliminate his father. the conflict is resolved through the defense mechanism, identification, in which the child shares with the father in the love for the mother.

answer

Oedipus complex

question

Executive of the personality whose job it is to satisfy the needs of both the id and the superego by engaging in appropriate environmental activities. It is governed by the reality principle.

answer

ego

question

A term used in two ways by Freud: 1) matching of an idinal image with its physical counterpart, and 2) the incorporation of another person's values or characteristics either to enhance one's self esteem or to minimize that person as a threat.

answer

identification

question

Living vicariously is an example of which ego defense mechanism?

answer

altruistic surrender

question

criticisms of Freud's theory: 1) nebulous terminology - no operational definitions, 2) mostly untestable, 3) ________, 4) overemphasis on sexuality, 5) pessimistic view of human nature.

answer

chauvinistic

question

Moral anxiety is: A) the same as objective anxiety, B) the internal punishment (guilt) experienced when the dictates of one's superego are violated, C) the fear of being punished by others for impulsive actions, D) caused by real environmental dangers.

answer

B

question

What is the source of a moral anxiety?

answer

superego

question

Parents might be reassured to know that children who pull the wings off flies and jab pins in the dog may eventually find their niche in the area of dentistry of surgery.

answer

sublimation

question

The high school teacher was criticized by the principal for having a disruptive class. When the teacher got home that night, he argued with his wife and kicked the dog.

answer

displacement

question

Which part of the superego punishes us with guilt?

answer

conscience

question

Realistic processes by which the ego operates to bring about true need reduction as opposed to the temporary need reduction that results from the wish fulfillments of the id.

answer

secondary processes

question

Displacement that results in a higher cultural achievement such as when an artistic or scientific activity is substituted for sexual activity.

answer

sublimation

question

Three origins of anxiety: 1) reality, 2) _________, 3) moral.

answer

neurotic

Psych of Personality – Ch 2 Freud – Flashcards

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