Psych chapter 11 Answers – Flashcards

The existence of ________ reinforces the generally accepted notion that intelligence is a multidimensional quality. A) adaptive skills B) mental retardation C) general intelligence D) savant syndrome

By creating a label such as "gifted," we begin to act as if all children are naturally divided into two categories, gifted and nongifted. This logical error is referred to as: A) rationalization. B) nominalizing. C) factor analysis. D) reification.

Vanessa is a very creative sculptress. We would expect that Vanessa also: A) has an exceptionally high intelligence score. B) is quite introverted. C) has a venturesome personality and is intrinsically motivated. D) lacks expertise in most other skills.

The test created by Alfred Binet was designed specifically to: A) measure inborn intelligence in adults. B) measure inborn intelligence in children. C) predict school performance in children. D) identify mentally retarded children so that they could be institutionalized.

Benito was born in 1937. In 1947, he scored 130 on an intelligence test. What was Benito's mental age when he took the test? A) 9 B) 10 C) 11 D) 13

A 6-year-old child has a mental age of 9. The child's IQ is: A) 96. B) 100. C) 125. D) 150.

If asked to guess the intelligence score of a stranger, your best guess would be: A) 75. B) 100. C) 125. D) "I don't know; intelligence scores vary too widely."

The formula for the intelligence quotient was devised by: A) Sternberg. B) Binet. C) Terman. D) Stern.

Current intelligence tests compute an individual's intelligence score as: A) the ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100. B) the ratio of chronological age to mental age multiplied by 100. C) the amount by which the test-taker's performance deviates from the average performance of others the same age. D) the ratio of the test-taker's verbal intelligence score to his or her nonverbal intelligence score.

According to the text, what can be concluded from early intelligence testing in the United States? A) Most European immigrants were "feeble-minded." B) Army recruits of other than West European heritage were intellectually deficient. C) The tests were biased against people who did not share the culture assumed by the test. D) Both a. and b. could be concluded.

Before becoming attorneys, law students must pass a special licensing exam, which is an ________ test. Before entering college, high school students must take the SAT, which is an ________ test. A) achievement; aptitude B) aptitude; achievement C) achievement; achievement D) aptitude; aptitude

If you wanted to develop a test of musical aptitude in North American children, which would be the appropriate standardization group? A) children all over the world B) North American children C) children of musical parents D) children with known musical ability

The bell-shaped distribution of intelligence scores in the general population is called a: A) g distribution. B) standardization curve. C) bimodal distribution. D) normal distribution.

Over the past 80 years, college aptitude test scores have ________ and WAIS scores have ________. A) declined; remained stable B) remained stable; declined C) risen; declined D) declined; risen

87. A school psychologist found that 85 percent of those who scored above 115 on an aptitude test were "A" students and 75 percent of those who scored below 85 on the test were "D" students. The psychologist concluded that the test had high: A) content validity because scores on it correlated highly with the criterion behavior. B) predictive validity because scores on it correlated highly with the criterion behavior. C) content validity because scores on it correlated highly with the target behavior. D) predictive validity because scores on it correlated highly with the target behavior.

If a test designed to indicate which applicants are likely to perform the best on the job fails to do so, the test has: A) low reliability. B) low content validity. C) low predictive validity. D) not been standardized.

Amelia recently took a test that assessed her ability to perform at the college level. The test she took was the: A) WAIS. B) WISC. C) SAT. D) None of the above, because they are all achievement tests.

Which of the following statements is true? A) The predictive validity of intelligence tests is not as high as their reliability. B) The reliability of intelligence tests is not as high as their predictive validity. C) Modern intelligence tests have extremely high predictive validity and reliability. D) The predictive validity and reliability of most intelligence tests is very low.

Studies of 2- to 7-month-old babies show that babies who quickly become bored with a picture: A) often develop learning disabilities later on. B) score lower on infant intelligence tests. C) score higher on intelligence tests several years later. D) score very low on intelligence tests several years later.

At age 16, Angel's intelligence score was 110. What will her score probably be at age 32? A) 125 B) 110 C) 115 D) There is no basis for predicting an individual's future IQ.

By what age does a child's performance on an intelligence test stabilize? A) 2 B) 3 C) 6 D) 7

Before about age ________, intelligence tests generally do not predict future scores. A) 1 B) 3 C) 5 D) 10

In his study of children with high intelligence scores, Terman found that: A) the children were more emotional and less healthy than a control group. B) the children were ostracized by classmates. C) the children were healthy and well-adjusted, and did well academically. D) later, as adults, they nearly all achieved great vocational success.

Which of the following provides the strongest evidence of the role of heredity in determining intelligence? A) The IQ scores of identical twins raised separately are more similar than those of fraternal twins raised together. B) The intelligence scores of fraternal twins are more similar than those of ordinary siblings. C) The intelligence scores of identical twins raised together are more similar than those of identical twins raised apart. D) The intelligence scores of adopted children show relatively weak correlations with scores of adoptive as well as biological parents.

Current estimates are that ________ percent of the total variation among intelligence scores can be attributed to genetic factors. A) less than 10 B) approximately 25 C) between 50 and 75 D) over 75

If you compare the same trait in people of similar heredity who live in very different environments, heritability for that trait will be ________; heritability for the trait is most likely to be ________ among people of very different heredities who live in similar environments. A) low; high B) high; low C) environmental; genetic D) genetic; environmental

Studies of adopted children and their biological and adoptive families demonstrate that with age, genetic influences on intelligence: A) become more apparent. B) become less apparent. C) become more difficult to entangle from environmental influences. D) become easier to entangle from environmental influences.

Which of the following is not cited as evidence of the reciprocal relationship between schooling and intelligence? A) Neither education level nor intelligence scores accurately predict income. B) Intelligence scores tend to rise during the school year. C) High school graduates have higher intelligence scores than do those who drop out early. D) High intelligence is conducive to prolonged schooling.

Which of the following is not true? A) In math grades, the average girl typically equals or surpasses the average boy. B) The gender gap in math and science scores is increasing. C) Women are better than men at detecting emotions. D) Males score higher than females on tests of spatial abilities.