Question 1

What is the term that refers to the changes in people\'s sense of justice and of what is right and wrong, and in their behavior related to moral issues?

Accepted Answer

Moral Development

Question 2

According to developmentalists, what lies at the heart of moral behavior?

Accepted Answer

Empathy

Question 3

A seventh-grade student is tempted to cheat on an exam, but talks himself out of it because he is afraid he will get caught and will fail the course. This student is demonstrating

Accepted Answer

Preconvential Morality

Question 4

Kohlberg proposes that moral development occurs in a fixed order, and that people are unable to reach the highest stage of moral reasoning until __________ due to ___________________

Accepted Answer

.   adolescence; lack of cognitive development.

Question 5

Which of the following psychologists developed the three stages of moral development for women?

Accepted Answer

Carol Gilligan

Question 6

__________ behavior is done to help others and requires clear self-sacrifice.

Accepted Answer

Altruistic

Question 7

Billy is a 5-year-old child who does not have a regular bedtime, is permitted to neglect personal hygiene such as brushing his teeth, and doesn\'t usually participate in any simple chores, such as picking up his toys in his room. It would appear that Billy parents\' style of parenting is

Accepted Answer

Permissive

Question 8

Meredith\'s 5-year-old friends at the playground ran around from the rides to the slides, but Meredith\'s mother told her she had to stay on the swings and not move to another place in the playground. When Meredith complained that the other children were allowed to play where they wanted, Meredith\'s mother told her to stay on the swings \"because I said so.\" This is an example of

Accepted Answer

authoritarian parenting

Question 9

In its most extreme form, _________ parenting results in neglect

Accepted Answer

Uninvolved

Question 10

Maurice is a child of authoritative parents. He is likely to grow up exhibiting all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

withdrawn behavior and low sociability skills.

Question 11

Joan feels a strong sense of attachment to a sacred entity. This feeling is called

Accepted Answer

Spirituality

Question 12

What is the term for intentional injury or harm to another person?

Accepted Answer

Aggression

Question 13

According to developmental research, what contributes to the decline of aggression in preschool children?

Accepted Answer

Personality and Social development of the child

Question 14

What is the term for the capability to adjust emotions to a desired state and level of intensity?

Accepted Answer

Emotional Self-regulation

Question 15

Two boys, ages 3 and 4, are playing with cars, and both boys want the bigger red car. As one boy reaches for the red car, the other strikes him, knocking it out of his hand, and taking the red car for himself. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

Instrumental Aggression

Question 16

In the playground, Amanda calls Janey names, won\'t include her in the game of hopscotch, and makes fun of her. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

relational aggression

Question 17

Ethologist Konrad Lorenz, evolutionary theorists and sociobiologists all suggest that aggression includes all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

a learned behavior rooted in poor parenting.

Question 18

Bandura\'s research indicates that when children watch adults modeling aggressive behavior with the Bobo doll, they are likely to

Accepted Answer

be as or more aggressive than the model.

Question 19

Despite the fact that results are primarily correlational, overwhelming research evidence suggests that observation of televised aggression leads to

Accepted Answer

increases in aggressive behaviors that can extend into adulthood.

Question 20

When discussing marital aggression, all of the following are stages that the couple go through EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

the fight-or-flight stage.

Question 21

The theory that abuse and neglect of children leads them to be predisposed to abusiveness as adults is called

Accepted Answer

cycle of violence hypothesis.

Question 22

Which of the following older people is most likely to experience elder abuse?

Accepted Answer

a person with Alzheimer\'s or various forms of dementia living in his/her child\'s home

Question 23

Research indicates that when girls are exposed to unusually high levels of ________ prenatally, they are more likely to display stereotypical male behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Androgens

Question 24

The ____________ approach believes children learn gender-related behaviors and expectations by observing others and how they are rewarded for acting in gender-appropriate ways

Accepted Answer

Social Learning

Question 25

using his/her own cognitive abilities to develop \"rules\" about what is right and wrong for males and females

Accepted Answer

gender-schema

Question 26

The concept that preschool-age children believe that differences in sex are based, not on biological factors, but on the differences in boys\' and girls\' appearance and/or behavior(s) is expressed by what researcher and theory?

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg; cognitive-developmental theory

Question 27

At approximately what age do boys and girls understand the concept of gender constancy?

Accepted Answer

4 or 5 years of age

Question 28

Developmentalists suggest that along with early/late maturity, all of the following may be more pertinent in determining an adolescent\'s behavior EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

IQ development

Question 29

According to current norms, if sexual intercourse occurs within the context of a long-term, committed, or loving relationship, it is called

Accepted Answer

permissiveness with affection.

Question 30

Social norms oppose premarital sex for women in all of these areas EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Sub-Saharan Africa.

Question 31

If a person is attracted to another person of the same sex, this is

Accepted Answer

Homosexuality

Question 32

When a person pursues sexual reassignment surgery because they feel as though they were born with the wrong physical sex (i.e., trapped in the wrong body), this is called being

Accepted Answer

Transgendered

Question 33

Studies indicate that sexual orientation is

Accepted Answer

produced by a combination of genetic, psychological, and environmental factors.

Question 34

According to Erikson, the period of post-adolescence into the early 30s that focuses on developing close relationships with others is called the

Accepted Answer

intimacy-versus-isolation stage.

Question 35

According to psychologist Robert Sternberg, the components of love include all of the following EXCEPT a(n)

Accepted Answer

companionate love in which strong affection is apparent with people whose lives are deeply involved.

Question 36

Surveys indicate that a high proportion of the following college students would consider it acceptable to marry without love.

Accepted Answer

Pakistani college students

Question 37

In what culture do men rank good health more important in marriage than love?

Accepted Answer

China

Question 38

The tendency to marry someone who is similar in age, race, education, and religion is referred to as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Homagany

Question 39

Jorge has been taught to marry a woman who is younger, smaller, and lower in status. This is referred to as the

Accepted Answer

Marriage Gradiant

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of a happy marriage?

Accepted Answer

Partners establish early on in the marriage the superior and inferior positions of the partners

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