POTUS powerpoint
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Natural Born Citizen 35 years old 14 year resident of U.S.
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Article 2, Sec 1 (Qualifications for presidency)
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What are the chief executive roles for the president?
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oversee federal bureaucracy administer and execute the law
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What are the chief of state roles for the president?
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largely ceremonial or symbolic functions where President represents the country as a whole
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What are the commander in chief roles for the president?
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Civilian control of Armed forces
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What are the chief diplomat roles for the president?
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negotiate and sign treaties appoint diplomats receive foreign officials negotiate and sign executive agreements
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What are the chief legislator roles for the president?
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recommend legislation to Congress set legislative agenda veto power
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What are the checks on the president as commander in chief?
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Congress declares war Congress controls budget War Powers Act (1973) --48 hour alert to Congress --troops stay for 60 days pending Congressional approval --With no approval, troops must be withdrawn
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What are the checks on the president as the chief executive?
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Senate must approve presidential appointments Civil Service protection for most appointees Congress controls the budget
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What are the checks on the president as chief diplomat?
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Senate confirmation of ambassadors Senate confirmation of treaties
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What are the checks on the president as chief legislator?
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President does not have seat in Congress Congress can override veto
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What are the checks on the president as party chief?
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term limit and "lame duck" status loose organization of American parties makes it difficult to "lead"
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president, VP, to Cabinet, executive office of the pres, and independent executive agencies
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executive branch
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What are the 2 types of presidential power?
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formal and informal
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What is the formal presidential power?
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those determined by the statute and the Constitution --appointment of justices --veto/sign legislation --treaties and foreign policy --executive privilege
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What is the informal presidential power?
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those based on tradition, personal traits, political and sociological realities --access to media --persuasion -- personal communication skills partisan divide in congress --place in term --public opinion ratings
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What are special executive powers?
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executive orders
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What are executive orders?
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-A rule or regulation issued by the president that has the effect of law. -They can: --enforce legislative statutes --enforce the Constitution or treaties --establish or modify rules and practices of executive administrative agencies -Published in The Federal Register EO by disposition (FDR to Obama)
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How many departments does the cabinet have?
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15
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Examples of executive office of the president?
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WHO, CEA, NSC, OMB
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Examples of independent executive agencies?
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CIA, EPA, NASA, NRC, Peace Corps
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What is executive privilege?
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ability to withhold information from Congress or to refuse to recognize Congressional subpoena
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What is access to media?
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use of mass media allows president to reach public in a way that no other institution or politician in government can
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What is persuasion?
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--Bargain with members of Congress and bureaucracy --Success depends on variety of factors, including: ---personal communication skills ---partisan divide in Congress ---public approval ratings
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What are the powers of the president?
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executive privilege and emergency powers
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What are emergency powers?
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An inherent power exercised by the president during a period of national crisis
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Electing the president
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Longest campaign election of any elected office in US, probably the world Unique electoral system in US Three stages
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primary season
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--To win presidency, candidates generally need to secure nomination of major party --Since the 1972 presidential election, both parties have relied on party ____ to solve this --Primary Elections run from late January through June in the year preceding the general election (2008 calendar here) --Aim to win delegates ---set number of delegates for each state based on number of registered party members of the party in each state
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What are the 2 types of primary elections?
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closed and open
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What is an open primary election?
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open to all registered voters
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What is a closed primary election?
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must be party member to vote
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How are delegates chosen?
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based on the number of registered party members of that party in the state
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How many superdelegates does the democratic party have?
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796
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What are superdelegates?
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party leaders who are not pledged to vote for any particular candidate prior to the convention (NJ has 18 of these)
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How many superdelegates (unpledged party leaders) do republicans have?
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123
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The Republicans have 123 unpledged party leaders who are at the _____.
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convention with voting rights
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How do the republicans allocate delegates?
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Republicans generally use "winner-take-all" format --the candidate that wins the primary gets all that state's delegates
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How do democrats allocate delegates?
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Democrats use "proportional" rep --candidates are allocated delegates based on the percentage of the vote received
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What is the nominating convention?
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--Held late summer (usually the last two weeks of August through early September) --Nominate president, vice-president, and adopt party platform
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What is the general election campaign?
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--Generally runs from end of convention through the election --Election is held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November
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What is the general election?
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--To be elected president, candidate must receive a majority of votes cast in the Electoral College --Aim is to win enough states so that the electoral college vote is over 270 --This means it is possible for a candidate to win more popular votes and still lose the election (1824, 1876, 1888, 2000)
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What is the formula for allocating seats?
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# of reps + # of sen = E.C.V. 435+ 10= 535 D.C. gets 3 (23rd amendment) so 538/2=269+1= 270 votes needed to be president
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How many electoral college vote does a candidate need to become president?
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270
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What is the electoral college?
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--Members vote in each state (they do not collectively assemble) --Cast ballots on the 1st Monday after the 2nd Wednesday in December.
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What happens if no candidate receives 270 votes in the electoral college?
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-House of Representatives elects president --take top 3 vote getters --each states gets 1 vote -Senate elects vice president ---take top 2 vote getters ---each senator gets 1 vote
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What is the vice presidency?
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--Same requirements as president, except cannot be from same state as the president (12th Amendment) --President of the Senate --Other responsibilities as designated by the President
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How can we remove presidents?
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election, impeachment, resignation, death, and illness
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Amendment that creates a chain of succession for filling in the presidential seat in case of death/incapacitation.
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25th amendment
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What happens if the president is too ill to continue serving? (25th amendment)
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--President informs Congress --If President unable to inform Congress, then VP does it, with majority vote of cabinet --If dispute over whether President is able to return to office, 2/3rds vote of Congress decides whether VP stays or not
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What is the order of succession as enacted by the Succession act of 1947?
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President, VP, Speaker of the house, president pro tempore of senate, cabinet secretaries chronologically arranged by creation of department
