PNS/ANS Practice – Flashcards

Mixed cranial nerves containing both motor and sensory fibers include all except which of the following? trigeminal oculomotor facial olfactory

Which target organ receives dual innervation? small intestine sweat glands kidney coronary blood vessels

Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are ________. afferent nerves motor nerves mixed nerves efferent nerves

Lamellar corpuscles can be exteroceptors, interoceptors, or proprioceptor. True False

Which of the following is NOT a plexus of the vagus (X) nerve? esophageal pulmonary cardiac inferior hypogastric

The second cranial nerve forms a chiasma at the base of the brain for partial crossover of neural fibers. True False

A patient who received a blow to the side of the skull exhibits the following signs and symptoms on that side of the face: he is unable to close his eye, and the corner of his mouth droops. Which cranial nerve has been damaged? facial accessory glossopharyngeal hypoglossal

The adrenal medulla is considered by some to be a "misplaced" sympathetic ganglion since embryologically, they arise from the same tissue. True False

The musculocutaneous nerve is a major nerve of the brachial plexus. True False

The celiac ganglion is primarily associated with the sympathetic division. True False

The blood vessels of the skin are one of the few areas of the body where the vessels are innervated by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. True False

The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS have the same effect on most body organ systems. True False

Which is a uniquely sympathetic function? regulation of body temperature regulation of pupil size regulation of cardiac rate regulation of respiratory rate

Acetylcholine is released by all somatic motor neurons, all preganglionic neurons of the ANS and by the postganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers. True False

The effect of beta-blocker drugs (block beta-receptors) is to decrease blood pressure. True False

Drugs called beta-blockers ________. decrease heart rate and blood pressure have widespread sympathetic effects increase a dangerously low heart rate are potent antidepressants

Mixed cranial nerves containing both motor and sensory fibers include all except which of the following? olfactory oculomotor trigeminal facial

Which sympathetic fibers form a splanchnic nerve? those that synapse in the same trunk ganglion they entered those that synapse with parasympathetic fibers those that synapse with somatic fibers those that pass through the trunk ganglion to synapse in collateral or prevertebral ganglia

Autonomic ganglia contain ________. the cell bodies of motor neurons an outer connective tissue capsule around the cell bodies of preganglionic motor neurons synapses between postganglionic fibers and their effectors both somatic afferent and efferent neurons

The craniosacral division is another name for the parasympathetic division. True False

Complicated interlacing of the ventral rami form networks called nerve plexus. The crisscrossing of the nerve fibers from the various spinal nerves is advantageous because ________. viruses that infect us by moving through PNS nerves are prevented entry to the CNS injury to any single spinal nerve will be less damaging as there is less chance of total loss of innervation to any particular organ having several nerve fibers unite enhances motor function having several nerve fibers unite enhances sensory function

Once a sympathetic preganglionic axon reaches a trunk ganglion, it can do all of the following EXCEPT? synapse with a parasympathetic neuron in the same trunk ganglion synapse with a ganglionic neuron in the same trunk ganglion ascend or descend the trunk to synapse in another trunk ganglion pass through the trunk ganglion without synapsing with another neuron

Cranial nerves III (oculomotor), VII (facial), and IX (glossopharyngeal) supply the entire parasympathetic innervation of the head; however, only the preganglionic fibers lie within these three pairs of cranial nerves. True False

Striking the "funny bone" is actually stimulation of (or injury to) the ________. median nerve radial nerve sciatic nerve ulnar nerve

Autonomic ganglia are sights of synapse and information transmission from preganglionic to postganglionic neurons. True False

Control of temperature, endocrine activity, and thirst are functions associated with the ________. cerebellum thalamus hypothalamus medulla

The parasympathetic fibers of the ________ nerves innervate smooth muscles of the eye that cause the lenses to bulge to accommodate close vision. optic (II) abducens (VI) trochlear (IV) oculomotor (III)

Select the correct definition. Perceptual detection is the ability to detect how much stimulus is applied to the body. Magnitude estimation is the simplest level of sensation. Spatial discrimination allows us to recognize textures. Pattern recognition allows us to see a familiar face.

Where would you NOT find a cholinergeric nicotinic receptor? all postganglionic neurons (cell bodies and dendrites) sarcolemma of skeletal muscle cells at neuromuscular junctions all parasympathetic target organs adrenal medulla hormone producing cells

Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are ________. motor nerves efferent nerves mixed nerves afferent nerves

Drooping of the upper eyelid, and double vision are potential symptoms of damage to the oculomotor nerve. True False

A bit of dust blows into and touches the cornea of the eye. Which of the following is likely to happen? Stimulation of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (V) will cause blinking. Nothing, because there is no sensory information sent from the cornea. Stimulation of the optic nerve (II) will cause tears to flow from the lacrimal gland. Stimulation of the facial nerve (VII) will be perceived as pain.

The posterior side of the thigh, leg, and foot is served by the ________ nerve. femoral common fibular tibial obturator

Sympathetic responses generally are widespread because ________. inactivation of ACh is fairly slow preganglionic fibers are short NE and epinephrine are secreted into the blood as part of the sympathetic response preganglionic fibers are long

Visceral reflex arcs differ from somatic in that ________. somatic arcs contain one additional component that visceral arcs do not possess visceral arcs involve two motor neurons visceral arcs do not use integration centers visceral arcs contain two sensory neurons

Which of the following is the best explanation of how a stimulus' strength is transmitted to the central nervous system from sensory nerves? Action potential frequency is increased as stimulus' strength increases. Action potentials as well as graded potentials are sent to the central nervous system when stimulus strength increases. More than one type of receptor will respond to larger stimulus. An action potential will increase in strength as stimulus's strength increases.

Transduction refers to conversion of ________. stimulus energy into energy of a graded potential afferent impulses to efferent impulses receptor energy to stimulus energy presynaptic nerve impulses to postsynaptic nerve impulses

In a crossed-extensor reflex, if the right arm was grabbed it would flex and the left arm would ________. also flex abduct adduct extend

Which of the following is NOT a plexus of the vagus (X) nerve? cardiac pulmonary esophageal inferior hypogastric

Over 90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerves ________. VII (facial) V (trigeminal) XII (hypoglossal) X (vagus)

Which of the following is mismatched? parasympathetic preganglionic fibers; release ACh sympathetic preganglionic fibers; release ACh parasympathetic postganglionic fibers; release NE sympathetic postganglionic fibers; release NE

A person picks up a heavy suitcase in order to estimate its weight and reflexively drops it. Which of the following receptors has initiated this reflex? lamellae corpuscle free nerve ending bulbous corpuscle tendon organ

After axonal injury, regeneration in peripheral nerves is guided by ________. Schwann cells Wallerian cells dendrites Golgi organs

The sciatic nerve is a combination of which two nerves? pudendal and common fibular pudendal and posterior femoral cutaneous common fibular and tibial posterior femoral cutaneous and tibial

Tactile sensation is a combination of touch, pressure, stretch and vibration. Which of the following is most likely the receptor type that senses tactile stimulation? thermoreceptors proprioceptors mechanoreceptors nociceptors

The parasympathetic ganglion that serves the eye is the ________. submandibular ganglion otic ganglion pterygopalatine ganglion ciliary ganglion

The facial (VII), glossopharyngeal (IX), and vagus (X) nerves contain postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system. True False

Inborn or intrinsic reflexes are ________. rapid, predictable, and can be learned responses autonomic only involuntary, yet may be modified by learned behavior always mediated by the brain

Preparing the body for the "fight-or-flight" response is the role of the ________. parasympathetic division sympathetic division somatic nervous system cerebrum

Which of the following drug classes would be useful for smoking cessation products? sympathomimetic agents parasympathomimetic agents (muscarinic agents) acetylcholinesterase inhibitors nicotinic agents

All visceral organs receive dual innervation from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS. True False

Which of the following appears to exert the most direct influence over autonomic functions? medulla oblongata hypothalamus reticular formation midbrain

Most blood vessels are innervated by the sympathetic division alone. True False

Somatic and visceral reflex arcs are similar, but visceral reflex arcs lack afferent fibers (visceral sensory neurons). True False

Bell's palsy is ________. often caused by inflammation of the trigeminal nerve characterized by loss of vision characterized by partial paralysis of diaphragm muscles characterized by paralysis of facial muscles

Starting at the spinal cord, the subdivisions of the brachial plexus are (in order) ________. divisions, roots, trunks, and cords trunks, divisions, cords, and roots roots, trunks, divisions, and cords roots, divisions, cords, and trunks

A doctor asks her patient to follow the motion of her finger as she moves it up and down, left and right. Which of the following cranial nerves is not being tested? the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) the oculomotor nerve (III) the trochlear nerve (IV) the abducens (VI)

Which of the following is NOT a plexus of the vagus (X) nerve? esophageal inferior hypogastric pulmonary cardiac

A fall or an improperly delivered gluteal injection could result in ________. sciatica neurofibromatosis phantom limb pain postpoliomyelitis muscular atrophy

Visceral reflexes include the reflexes that empty the bladder and the rectum. True False

Injury to cervical vertebra C3-C4 is particularly problematic because ________. the greater auricular nerve that serve the parotid gland receive there fibers from here part of the brain stem is located here several ganglia are near this region that serve the heart the phrenic nerve that serves the diaphragm receives its fibers from here

Over 90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerves ________. V (trigeminal) X (vagus) VII (facial) XII (hypoglossal)

A patient has lost vision on the left side of both eyes. The patient has likely suffered damage to ________. the right optic tract the retinas of the eyes the optic nerves the optic chiasm

β-adrenergic receptors are the only receptors found on the heart. True False