Physics Final Study Guide: Chapter 10 – Flashcards
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Efficiency
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Can be calculated by comparing a machine's output work to its input work
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Machine
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A device that changes the magnitude or the direction of a force
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Compound machine
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Consists of two or more simple machines linked so that the resistance force of one machine becomes the effort force of the second machine
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Resistance force
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The force exerted by a machine
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Watt
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A unit of power defined as 1 joule per second
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Effort force
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The fore exerted by a person on a machine
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Work-Energy theorem
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States that the work done on an object equals the change in kinetic energy of the object
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Energy
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The ability of an object to produce a change in itself or its surroundings
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Kinetic energy
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The energy that results from the motion of an object
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Power
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The rate of doing work
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Machine advantage
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The ratio of the resistance force of a machine to its effort force
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Joule
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The SI unit used for work
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Ideal mechanical advantage
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To calculate a machine's _________, compare the effort distance to the resistance distance
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Work
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When an applied force is multiplied by the distance through which the force is applied, _______ is calculated
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mv2/2
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Calculation of kinetic energy
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Fd
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Calculation of work
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J
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Equivalent to kg*m2/s2
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W= delta KE
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Statement that the work done on an object is equal to the object's change in kinetic energy
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KE
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Symbol for kinetic energy
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W
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Symbol for work
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kinetic
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An object has ______ energy because of its motion
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W=fdcos theta
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When a constant force acts at an angle to the direction of motion, the equal __________ is used to calculate the work done on the object
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negative
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the work done by friction has a ______ value
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sum
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If several forces act on a system, the _______ of the work done by each force equals the work done on the system
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velocity
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One way to calculate power is to multiply force by _______
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effort
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In a pulley system, the ________ force is exerted by the person who is pulling the rope
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MA IMA
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In all real machines, _____ is less than _____
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Effort
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The ______ force is the force exerted by a person on a machine
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kinetic energy
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The work-energy theorem states that the work done on a system is equal to the change in _______ of the system
