Physics – Atomic Structure Keywords – Flashcards

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Alpha particle
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Made of 2 protons and 2 neutrons
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Atomic number
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The number of protons in an atom
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Becquerel
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An emission of one particle per second from an unstable nucleus
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Beta particle
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A fast moving electron emitted from the nucleus of an atom
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Contamination
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The unwanted presence of radioactive atoms on other materials
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Electron
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A negatively charged particle which orbits the nucleus of an atom
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Gamma ray
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A high energy electromagnetic wave
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Geiger-Muller tube
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A device which detects ionising radiation
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Half-life
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The time taken for the number of nuclei in a radioactive isotope to halve.
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Ionisation
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Ions formed by radiation
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Irradiation
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The process of exposing an object to nuclear radiation
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Isotope
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Same element with different number of neutrons
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Mass number
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The number of neutrons and protons in an atom
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Neutron
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A neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom
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Proton
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A positively charged particle which is found in the nucleus of an atom
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