Physical therapy aide certification study guide – Flashcards
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The study of nonverbal communication
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Kinesics
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Verbal and nonverbal messages do not match
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Kinesic slip
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What does SOAP stand for in charting?
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Subjective, objective, assessment, plan
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Patients statement
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Subjective
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Observations made by examination
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Objective
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Doctor's diagnosis
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Assessment
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Health care providers prescribed plan of action.
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Plan
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Tracks a patients problems throughout medical care. Each problem is assigned a number and the number is referenced when the patient comes in for care.
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POMR note charting
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A wrong committed against a person or their property
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Tort
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Unintentional wrongdoing that must be proven
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Negligence
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Negligence by a professional person (unintentional)
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Malpractice
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Injuring a persons name and reputation by making false statements to a third person
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Defamation
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Making false statements through pictures, writing, or print
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Libel
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Making false statements orally
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Slander
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Intentionally attempting to touch or threaten a persons body without their consent
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Assault
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Touching a persons body without consent
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Battery
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A crime punishable by one year or less
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Misdemeanor
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A crime punishable by more than a year
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Felony
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Healthcare access, portability, and renewability
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Title I
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preventing health care fraud and abuse
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Title II
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Tax-related health provisions
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Title III
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Application and enforcement of group health plan
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Title IV
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Revenue offsets
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Title V
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Standing with arms lank and palms forward
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Anatomic position
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Lying on back
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Supine position
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Lying on stomach
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Prone position
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Lying on the side
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Lateral recumbent position
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Joint
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Arthr-
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Life
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Bi-
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Heart
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Cardi-
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Cancerous, cancer
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Carcin
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Cerebrum
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Cephal
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Cell
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Cyt
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Teeth
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Dent
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Skin
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Derm
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Electrical activity
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Electr
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Intestines
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Enter
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Fetus
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Fet
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Stimach
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Gastr
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Nose
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Rhin
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Flesh
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Sarc
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Clotting
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Thromb
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Urinary tract
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Ur
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Pertaining to
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Al
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Pain
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algia, dynia
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Excision, removal
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Ectomy
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Blood condition
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Emia
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Produced by, pertaining to producing
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Genic
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Protein
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Globin
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Inflammation
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Itis
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Tumor, mass swelling
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Oma
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Condition, usually abnormal
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Osis
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Disease condition
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Pathy
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State of; condition
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Sis
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Before, in front of
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Ante-
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Against
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Anti-
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Slow
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Brady-
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Through, complete
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Dia-
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Within
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End(o)
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Above, upon
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Epi-
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Excessive, above more than normal
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Hyper-
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Deficient, below, under less than normal
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Hypo-
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Surrounding, around
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Peri-
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Before
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Pre-
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Under, below
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Sub-
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process of recording
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-graphy
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Process of measurement
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-metry
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a visual examination
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-scopy
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A new opening
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-stomy
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Incision
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-tomy
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Process of crushing
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-tripsy
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Immovable joints
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Synarthroses
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slightly movable joints
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Amphiarthroses
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Freely movable joints, synovial
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Diathroses
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Sacks of fluid that are located between the bones of the joint and tendons that hold the muscles in place
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Bursae
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The bone is crushed or shattered
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Comminuted fracture
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The fractured area of the bone collapses on itself
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Compression fracture
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The break of the distal end of the radius at the epiphysis often occurs when the patient has attempted to break his or her fall
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Colles fracture
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The bone is broke and pierces an internal organ
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Complicated fracture
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The bone is broken and the ends are driven into each other
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Impacted fracture
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A minor fracture that appears as a thin line on X-ray and May not extend completely through the bone
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hairline fracture
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The bone is partially bent and partially broken; this is a common fracture in children because their bones are still soft
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Greenstick fracture
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any fracture occurring spontaneously as a result of disease
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pathologic fracture
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a fracture of the epiphyseal plate in children
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Salter-Harris Fracture
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A traumatic injury to a joint involving the soft tissue
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Sprain
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The science of the mechanical, physical, bioelectrical, and biochemical function of humans In good health
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Human physiology
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Attach muscles to bones
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Tendons
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Hold bones together at the joint
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Ligaments
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Amount of blood usually in an adult
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5-6 liters
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The liquid portion of blood in its anticoagulated state
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Plasma
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The liquid portion of the blood that remains after the blood has coagulated
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Serum
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Red blood cells; RBCs; produced in bone marrow and contain hemoglobin
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Erythrocytes
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White blood cells (WBCs)
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Leukocytes
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Most common WBCs that defend the body against infectious diseases
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Neutrophils
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Second most common WBCs; provide an immune boost; help respond to viruses when necessary
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Lymphocytes
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Largest cells in normal blood; phagocytic cells that provide support in cell-meditated immunity
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Monocytes
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Function In allergic/inflammatory responses
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Esonophils
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Contain histamine and provide aid in allergic states
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Basophils
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Platelets; aid in the process of coagulation
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Thrombocytes
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Brain and spinal cord
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Central nervous system
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Nerves
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Peripheral nervous system
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Controls all of our involuntary functions such as the digestive and respiratory systems
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Autonomic nervous system
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Had many open spaces and a spongy appearance; in the open spaces blood vessels infiltrate and provide food and oxygen and remove waste products. Red marrow is found here
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Cancellous bone tissue
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Very thick and made up of tiny circles that make up Haversian canals
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Compact bone tissue
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Cells that make up bone tissue
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Osteocytes
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A type of osteocyte which form collagen fibers
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Osteoblasts
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A type of osteocyte that destroys bone tissue
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Osteoclasts
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The long main portion of the bone
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Diaphysis
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The ends of the long bone that provide space for muscle attachment
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Epiphyses
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Protective covering on the outer surface of the bone
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Periosteum
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Hollow shaft of a long bone
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Medullary cavity
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What lines the medullary cavity with yellow bone marrow
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Endosteum
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Provides protection for the bone ends and helps with smooth movement of the joints
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Articular cartilage
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Include bones in the upper and lower arm, the upper and lower leg, and the fingers and toes
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Long bones
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Include bones of the wrist and ankle and are responsible for providing strength
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Short bones
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Include the ribs, the scapulae, and some skull bones
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Flat bones
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Function is mainly for articulation and to form joints and are found in vertebrae, inner ear, and some facial bones
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Irregular bones
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Vertebrae C1-C7
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Cervical vertebrae
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T1-T12
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Thoracic vertebrae
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L1-L5
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Lumbar vertebrae
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First 7 pairs of ribs attach where?
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Directly to the sternum
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Last 5 pairs of ribs attach where?
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Dorsally, held in place by cartilage
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Typically only affects one joint and is characterized by crystal deposits in and around the affected point
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Gout
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Disease that affects children that do not have enough vitamin D and eventually causes the bones not to harden and results in deformities and bending of the bones
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Rickets
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A degeneration if the muscle cells that eventually causes the muscles to waste away and atrophy
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Muscular dystrophy
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Permanently shortened muscle causing the formation of fibrous tissue that replaces the muscle cells
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Contracture
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What do you do in a fire?
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RACE
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What does RACE stand for?
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Rescue, alarm, confine, extinguish
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Amount of radiation is determined by:
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Time, shielding, distance
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AHA chain of survival
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Early access to care, early CPR, early defibrillation, advanced care
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Diseases caused by an inflammation of the liver
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Hepatitis B
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Disease is an airborne pathogen caused by myobacterium
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Tuberculosis
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Any infection that first occurs during a patients stay at a health care facility
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Nosocomial infections
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Steps to the chain of infection
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Agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transfer, portal of entry, susceptible host
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Scrubbing of instruments to remove blood etc.
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Sanitization
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Process that destroys pathogenic microorganisms
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Disinfection
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The process of destroying all microbial forms of life
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Sterilization
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Being free of disease producing microbes
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Asepsis
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The patient is lying on their back and is ideal for many treatments
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Fowler's position
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Complete immersion of the body part into heated water
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Hydrotherapy
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Used as moist heat and placed on an area to be heated
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Hydrocollator pack
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Radiant heat that is advantageous due to no pressure being on the body
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Infrared heating
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Used to treat Arthritis or joint pain; the hand or foot is dipped into wax material
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Paraffin bath
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Ultra sonic waves that penetrate the superficial tissue and are reflected on the deep tissue
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Ultrasound
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normal value for dorsiflexion of ankle
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20 degrees
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To take appropriate action but make a mistake.
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misfeasance
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A ____________ is a health insurance plan that allows for options when choosing medical providers
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PPO
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______________ is a health insurance plan that is more restrictive and you must choose from providers that are within a set network.
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HMO
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The requirement that a person act toward others and the public with watchfulness, attention, caution, and prudence that a reasonable person in the same circumstances would is called:
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duty of care
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If a therapist is going to help an individual flex the knee post-op, it would be ______________ ROM and the patient would be in the _______________ position.
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passive, prone
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Which of the following inhibits the growth of bacteria and can be used safely on the skin? a. Antiseptic b. Disinfectant c. Sterilization d. Antibacterial
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antiseptic
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What substance kills microorganisms except viruses and spores?
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disinfectant
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Which is the first gait taught to a patient who can bear weight on only one foot while walking with crutches?
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three-point
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Which crutches are recommended for patients who cannot grip the handles of other crutches or bear weight on the wrist and hands?
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platform crutches
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What should a PT Aide do if a resident's cane or walker seems too short?
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Tell the nurse
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Which of the following is an example of a method used to sterilize equipment? a. Autoclave b. Bleach c. Disinfectant d. Soap and water
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soap and water
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Exercises or range of motion activities for people trying to increase flexibility or maintain muscle firing on their own is know as _______ ROM.
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full
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Rickets, also known as bone softening or _____________ can be found in children with inadequate Vitamin D.
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osteomalacia
