Peripheral Vascular - Flashcards

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morbidity

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pertaining to: disease

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patency

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a condition of being wide open

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ischemia

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lack of oxygenated blood supply to an area / organ

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brachiocephalic artery, is also called ____

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innominate artery

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aneurysm rupture

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severe abdominal + back pain with pulsatile abdominal mass

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endarterectomy

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excision of the thickened atheromatous tunica intima of an artery

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angioplasty

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balloon dilation of the peripheral artery

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tunics

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3 layers of the wall of an artery

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tunica media

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(middle layer of artery) thickest layer of the arterial wall, includes: elastic fibers + smooth muscle

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intima

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lining of endothelium

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bypass grafting

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biological or synthetic grafts used to bypass an obstruction

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thrombus

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a stationary blood clot within a blood vessel

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TIA

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transient ischemic attack

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claudication

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severe pains in the muscle of the lower leg, caused by poor circulation of blood to the muscle, usually caused by: atherosclerosis

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occlude

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to close off

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capillaries

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microscopic vessels designed to exchange nutrients + wastes between the blood and tissue fluid around cells

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pledgets

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small squared of Teflon sutured over holes in vessels

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innominate

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an unnamed structure

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in situ

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at the site of origin; in its normal place

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valve

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membranous fold that prevents backflow of material passing through

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mitigate

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to reduce the effects

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dissecting

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splitting apart; going between layers; separating

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plethysmography

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useful in patients in diffuse small-vessel arterial disease

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papaverine

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a smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of cardiovascular spasms

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phrenic

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pertaining to the diaphragm

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embolus

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moves around in the circulatory system until it becomes lodged in a vessel

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contralateral

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the opposite side

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adventitia

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the outermost layer of an artery, composed of elastic connective tissue

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sinus

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a dilated channel for venous blood

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Fogarty catheter

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small in diameter, balloon-tipped catheter to facilitate the removal of an embolus

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mortality

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pertaining to death

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intima

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inner layer of the arterial vessel wall

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The groin is covered with a ____ for an aortofemoral bypass.

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towel

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A ____ saved the patient's blood for autotransfusion.

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cell-saver

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The surgeon's hand should be ____ for tying Prolene

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moistened

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If a vein is to be used as a graft, what must be stripped away?

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valves

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What does a carotid endarterectomy clear from the carotid artery?

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plaque

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____ bypass is the procedure for a graft placed between the 2 femoral arteries.

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Femoro-femoral

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A ____ uses sound to hear the flow of blood through the vessels

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Doppler unit

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Oxygenated blood travels through the ____

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arteries

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Vessel loops are used for ____ of blood vessels

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retraction

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PTFE grafts will generally be ____

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bifurcated

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The average adult has approximatedly __ liters of blood

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5

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____ muscle helps move venous blood

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skeletal

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Aneurysms are weakened areas in an ____ wall

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arterial

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What is the self-retaining retractor of choice for peripheral vascular procedures?

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Weitlaner

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The leg will be prepped ____ or all the way around for a fem-pop bypass.

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circumferentially

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A Foley catheter with a ___ cc balloon may be used for hemorrhage control for an AAA.

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30

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The patient is in the ____ position for an AAA, the best for exposure to the abdomen.

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Supine

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____ anesthesia is used for a fem-pop bypass.

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General

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Angiography uses ___ to detect peripheral vascular disease

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Fluroscopy

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The monitoring of cardiac function during a vascular procedure is accomplished through the use of ____

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Central venous pressure catheter

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Which instrument should the CST have ready to provide to the surgeon to make the opening in the aorta in order to anastomose the saphenous graft during a CABG?

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Aortic punch

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What agent is added to a local anesthetic to decrease bleeding?

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epinephrine

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What's the purpose of an ureteral stent catheter?

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bypass calculi obstruction (to establish normal urinary flow, a stent is inserted past the stone)

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During the clotting process, thrombin reacts with fibrinogen to form ___

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fibrin

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What is the 1st step involving the femoral artery?

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femoral artery is isolated with vessel loops

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Femoropopliteal bypass: What is the 2nd step for the anastomosis (to anastomose: the proximal end of saphenous vein to the femoral artery)?

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femoral artery clamped with 2 Debakey angeled vascular clamps

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What 2 instruments are needed for the femoral arteriotomy?

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#11 knife blade + Potts-Smith scissors

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What suture is used for the saphenous vein to femoral artery anastomosis?

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6-0 polypropylene (Prolene)

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CST Peripheral Vascular Surgery (WHITE BOOK):

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...

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The majority of abdominal aortic aneurysms begin ____

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Below the renal arteries

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Arteriovenous (AV) fistula is preferred over an external shunt for long-term dialysis because of a decreased chance of ____

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Thrombosis

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Fatty deposits on the walls of arteries are called ___

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Atherosclerosis

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The rupturing of erythrocytes is called ____

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Hemolysis

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The self-retaining retractor used during femoral-popliteal bypass is ____

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Weitlaner

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A diagnostic test that examines blood flow + metabolic functions of the heart + brain is ____

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Positron-emission-tomography

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What procedure is performed for chronic cerebral ischemia?

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Carotid endarterectomy

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The movement of blood through a vessel can be assessed by ___

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Doppler device

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The agent used to flush an artery to prevent clotting is ____

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Heparin

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A vascular clamp used for occluding peripheral vessels is ____

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Bulldog

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The instrument commonly used to clamp the aorta during an abdominal aneurysmectomy is ____

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Satinsky

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The instrument commonly used to remove plaque from the carotid during an endarterectomy is ____

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Freer elevator

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Which synthetic material used for grafts requires preclotting?

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Dacron* knit polyester

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The commonly used size of suture for peripheral vascular anastomosis of the popliteal artery is ____

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5-0

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The scissors commonly used to extend the arteriotomy during an endarterectomy is ____

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Potts-Smith

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The creation of a communication between an artery and a vein for hemodialysis access is called ____

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Arteriovenous Fistula Formation

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Portosystemic shunts include ____

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- Splenorenal - Mesocaval - Portacaval

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Portosystemic shunts do NOT include ____

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- Portorenal

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Facts of arteriovenous fistulas + shunts include that they ___

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- establish blood flow between the arterial + venous circulation - bypass the capillary network - are used for vascular access during hemodialysis

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Facts of arteriovenous fistulas + shunts do NOT include that they ___

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- are usually performed in the upper arm or leg

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Vena cava filter devices are inserted to prevent pulmonary emboli by trapping clots from the venous system of the legs + include which?

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Greenfield filter

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The procedure in which a Fogarty catheter is used to remove blockage of a vessel is ____

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Embolectomy

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The removal of plaque from the inside of an artery, usually close to an area of bifurcation is called ____

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Endarterectomy

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The autogenous graft which is left in place after destruction of the internal valves + then sutured into the arterial system is ____

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in-situ saphenous vein graft

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The artery that carries deoxygenated blood in the adult is the ___

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pulmonary artery

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The vessel used to increase the overall blood supply to the heart following CABG is the ____

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internal mammary artery

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Which procedure is performed under fluoroscopic (C-arm) control?

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both: - cardiac pacemaker insertion - vena cava filtering device placement

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Common artery bypass procedures include ____

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- femoro-femoral - axillo-femoral - femoro-popliteal

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Common artery bypass procedures do NOT include ____

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- axillo-popliteal

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The procedure which may require the temporary use of an intraoperative bypass shunt is ____

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Carotid Endarterectomy

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The procedure performed to remove fibrous covering from the lung following empyema formation is ____

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Pulmonary Decortication

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An outpouching of an alveolar sac which leads to subsequent rupture resulting in a pneumothorax (leakage of air into the pleural space, causing the lung to collapse) is called ____

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Bleb

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When 2 chest tubes are placed into the pleural space, the uppermost tube is used to ____

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evacuate air / re-establish negative pressure

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When 2 chest tubes are placed into the pleural space, the lower chest tube is used to ____

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evacuate fluids (such as blood)

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When a rib is removed, the remaining bone edges are trimmed with a ____

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Stille-Luer rongeur

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When transporting a patient with closed water-seal drainage ____

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chest tube clamps should accompany the patient at ALL times

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The diagnostic procedure which permits visualization of the Great Vessels is called ____

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Mediastinoscopy

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Mediastinoscopy is performed in what position?

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Dorsal recumbent (=supine)

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The treatment of choice for (PDA) patent ductus arteriosus is ___

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Suture ligation of the duct

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PDA

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= Patent Ductus Arteriosus A congenital anomaly where the ductus arteriosus (a communication between the pulmonary artery + the aorta during fetal development) fails to close. This communication in the neonate permits deoxygenated blood to enter the arterial system. Suture ligation of this duct is performed to eliminate this alternate blood flow pattern.

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Material / device used to hold tissue in place or prevent lumen closure is called a ____

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Stent

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The artery that forms 2 branches from the abdominal aorta + leads to the lower extremities

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iliac artery

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The superficial vein passing up the leg from the foot to the popliteal vein is called the ____

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saphenous vein

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Equipment which is used during a vascular surgical procedure is ___

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- Doppler unit - Hemoclip appliers - Loupes

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Equipment which is NOT used during a vascular surgical procedure is ___

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- Tonometer

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The most common type of dilatation that is formed in an abdominal aortic aneurysm is ____

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fusiform

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The surgical procedure to correct a stenosis with a balloon dilatation is called _____

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Percutaneous Angioplasty

Peripheral Vascular – Flashcards

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