Pearson My World Geography Chapter 2 – Flashcards
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galaxy
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a cluster of stars
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our galaxy
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the Milky Way
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sun provides
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heat and light
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Earth travels around
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the sun
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orbit
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the path that Earth travels around the sun
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Earth travels in an
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oval shaped orbit
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revolution
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the journey Earth makes around the sun
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revolution length of time
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one year
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Earth's axis
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the imaginary line between the North and South poles
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axis is
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tilted
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why seasons occur
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axis is tilted causing different amounts of light to fall on Earth at different times
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solstice
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when days are longest in one hemisphere and shortest in the other
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equinox
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when days and nights are nearly equal everywhere on Earth
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earthquakes
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caused when plates slide against one another, often at faults
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mantle
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the thick, rocky layer around Earth's core
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valleys
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stretches of low lands between mountains and hills
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setting
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when Earth turns away from the sun
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beneath the ocean floor
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where Earth's crust is the thinnest
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volcanoes
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caused when the movement of plates pushes magma to Earth's surface
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plate tectonics
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the theory that magma causes plates to move in different directions
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mountains
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are formed when 2 plates push against each other and make the crust bend
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night and day
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caused by the rotation of Earth on its axis
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crust, mantle, core
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the layers of Earth from outer to inner
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chemical weathering
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the type of weathering when rain water dissolves rocks
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mechanical weathering
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the type of weathering when moving water, ice, or wind breaks rocks into pieces
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deposition
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process that creates beaches
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how weathering and erosion helps agriculture
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makes or brings soil
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Universal Standard Time
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time zone that surrounds the Prime Meridian
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Greenwich Mean Time
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what Universal Time is also known as
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atmosphere
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the thick layers of gases around the Earth
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mountains, hills, plateaus, and volcanoes
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landforms that rise around surrounding lands
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core
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a solid ball of metal that is the hottest interior part of Earth
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crust
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continents and the ocean floor are part of this
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valley, canyon, plains, delta
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landforms that are below surrounding land
