question

How do you name substituants and hydrocarbon chains?

answer

alphabetical WITHOUT existing prefixes

question

how many degrees in a tetrahedral carbon?

answer

109°

question

VESPR theory states that carbon compounds will form bonds that are...?

answer

as far apart as possible

question

what is NH??

answer

an amine

question

carbon atoms in saturated hydrocarbons...

answer

have ONLY single bonds

question

organic compound with double or triple bonds are classified as? saturated or unsaturated?

answer

unsaturated compounds

question

hydrogenation of 2-butene?

answer

CH?-CH?-CH?-CH?

question

first step when drawing a compound?

answer

draw the carbon chain

question

alkene contains what?

answer

both atoms of a double bond

question

true or false: isomers have the same molecular formula?

answer

TRUE

question

what type of structure does methane have?

answer

tetrahedral

question

true or false: light induced cis-trans isomerization is an important step in vision?

answer

true

question

true or false: functional groups are groups of atoms that act in predictable ways

answer

true

question

true or false: hydrogenation is used to convert alkenes and alkynes to alkanes

answer

true

question

true or false: hydrogenation of unsaturated vegtable oils raise the melting point and make them solid

answer

false.

question

carbonyl groups consist of what?

answer

carbon-oxygen double bond

question

conversion between a and b anomers is called?

answer

mutarotation

question

ethylene glycol and methanol are toxic because they are?

answer

oxidized by the liver

question

aldehydes have higher boiling points than alkanes of similar mass because of what?

answer

dipole-dipole

question

sugars react with what to form hemiacetals?

answer

themselves.

question

tertiary alcohols oxidized to form?

answer

none of the above

question

under acid hydrolysis conditions, startch is converted to what?

answer

glucose

question

hydrogen bonding is the strongest or weakest?

answer

strongest

question

celluolse is not digestible by humans because it contains glucose units linked by ?

answer

B-1,4

question

true or false: heptanol is water soluble?

answer

false

question

true or false: glucose forms a cyclic hemiacetal

answer

true

question

true or false: the product of oxidation of an aldose is a corboxilic acid

answer

true

question

true or false: phenols behave as weak acids in water

answer

true

question

true or false: enantiomer do not have different tastes/smells.

answer

false, they are different

question

true or false: 2-butanol is a chiral molecule

answer

true

question

true or false: sucrose is a disaccharide

answer

true

question

what is the name of a nine carbon continuous chain alkane?

answer

nonane

question

what determines the family name and chemical reactivity of the organic compound?

answer

functional group

question

the reaction of butane with oxygen is called?

answer

combustion

question

carbon atoms always have how many covalent bonds?

answer

4

question

a hydrocarbon contains only the elements:

answer

carbon and hydrogen

question

the balanced equation for the complete combustion of C5H12 will give which of these products?

answer

5CO2 + 6H20

question

the funcitonal group contained in the compound CH3CH2NH2 is an:

answer

amine

question

The IUPAC name of CH3CH=CHCH3 is:

answer

2-butene

question

the carbon atoms in saturated hydrocarbons:

answer

have only single bonds

question

organic compounds with double and triple bonds are classified as:

answer

unsaturated compounds

question

long chain molecules that consist of many repeating units are called:

answer

polymers

question

what is the condensed structural formulafor the product of the hydrogenation of 2-butene using a platinum catalyst?

answer

CH3CH2CH2CH3

question

a compound that contains a benzene ring is called?

answer

aromatic compound

question

how many isomers are there in dibromobenzene?

answer

5

question

organic chemistry is the study of?

answer

the chemistry of carbon compounds

question

products of the complete combustion are?

answer

CO2 AND H20

question

isomers have the same:

answer

molecular formula

question

when naming an alkane, the main chain is the longest chain regardless of bonds.

answer

...

question

true/false: in a cis group, groups are on the same side of the double bond.

answer

true

question

true/false: hydrogenation is used to convert alkenes to alkynes and alkanes.

answer

true

question

in a tertiary alcohol, how many alkyl groups are attached to the carbon atom bonded to the -OH group?

answer

3

question

the reduction of monosaccharides produces:

answer

sugar alcohols

question

when 2-methyl-2-butanol undergoes dehydration in acid, one product is:

answer

2-methyl-2-butene

question

how do sugars form cyclic hemiacetals?

answer

a molecule of sugar acts with ITSELF

question

tertiary alcohols are oxidized to form? secondary alcohols aldehydes carboxylic acids ketones none of the above

answer

none of the above

question

how to determine an ether?

answer

has an O in the middle of the longest chain

question

chirality occurs when stereoisomers have mirror images that are:

answer

not superimposable

question

under acid hydrolysis conditions, starch is converted to:

answer

glucose

question

aldehydes and ketones may be reduced to:

answer

alcohols

question

how many different substituants are required on carbon atom for it to be chiral?

answer

4

question

what intermolecular force is strongest between individual molecules of ALCOHOLS?

answer

hydrogen bonding

question

in a dissaccharide, two monosaccharides join together by what type of bond?

answer

glycosidic

question

a glycosidic bond between two monosaccharides can also be classified as an:

answer

ether bond

question

the compound CH3-CH2-SH is in the organic family known as:

answer

thiols

question

the sugar also known as dextrose and blood sugar is:

answer

glucose

question

true/false: heptanol is a water soluble alcohol:

answer

false

question

true/false: sucrose is a dissacharide:

answer

true

question

true/false: alcohols form hydrogen bonds; this accounts for their higher boiling points when compared to similar sized alkanes

answer

true

question

the splitting apart of an ester in the presence of a strong acid in water is called:

answer

hydrolysis

question

commercially, liquid vegetable oils are converted to solid fats such as margarine by:

answer

hydrogenation

question

what kind of intermolecular bonding occurs between CARBOXYLIC ACIDS?

answer

hydrogen bonding

question

why do carboxylic acids have higher boiling points that similar alcohols of aldehydes?

answer

they form dimers that are relatively stable

question

what is the name of the structure formed when a soap coats on oily particle to make it water soluble?

answer

micelle

question

the products of the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of a triglyceride are:

answer

fatty acids and glycerol

question

a triacylglycerol that is solid at room temp is called:

answer

fat

question

compared to saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids have? (higher or lower melting points)

answer

lower melting points

question

true/false: sodium benzoate is a common preservative.

answer

true

question

true/false:the interior of a lipid bilayer is the hydrophillic region

answer

false

question

true/false: the tail of a triacylglycerol is the nonpoar end

answer

true

question

true/false: carboxylic acids are strong acids.

answer

false, they are weak.

question

true/false: the catalyst needed for saponification is H+ ion.

answer

false

question

true/false: polyesters are plastics that are used to make fabrics, bottles, and medical devices such as heart valves.

answer

true

question

true/false: soaps are salts of long chain fatty acids

answer

true

question

true/false: long chain carboxylic acids are also known as fatty acids

answer

true

question

true/false: in the fluid-mosaic model of cell membranes, the lipid molecules are oriented with their heads to the outside of the membrane.

answer

true

question

true/false: many sex hormones are steroids.

answer

true

question

diethylamine and HCL react to produce?

answer

diethylammonium chloride

question

which of the following cannot form hydrogen bonds with water?

answer

ch3ch2ch3

question

what kind of amine can NOT for hydrogen bonds?

answer

tertiary

question

amides having fewer than ______ carbons are generally water soluble.

answer

6

question

amino acids that are not synthesized in the body and must be obtained from the diet are called:

answer

essential

question

in what kind of amine is the nitrogen directly bonded to two carbon atoms?

answer

secondary

question

the peptide bonds that combine amino acids in a protein are

answer

amine bonds

question

which of the following compounds is an amine?

answer

(CH3CH2)2NH

question

heat denatures a protein by disrupting:

answer

hydrophobic bonds and hydrogen bonds

question

amines are:

answer

bronsted lowry bases

question

the structual formula of amino acids are the same except for:

answer

the side R group

question

physiologically active nitrogen containing compounds produced by plants are called:

answer

alkaloids

question

denaturation of a protein:

answer

disrupts the secondary, tertiary, or quaternary structure of a protein

question

one heavy metal that can cause denaturation of a protein is:

answer

silver

question

cyclic compounds that contain a nitrogen atom are called:

answer

heterocyclic compounds

question

a chain made of more than 50 amino acids is usually referred to as a:

answer

protein

question

the interactions that are important in the secondary structure of a protein are:

answer

hydrogen bonds

question

what type of interaction would you expect between the following R groups in the tertiary structure of a protein?

answer

salt bridges

question

what kinds of interactions are not part of tertiary protein structures?

answer

peptide bonds

question

in response to an allergic reaction or injury of cells...

answer

histamine

question

aniline:

answer

primary aromatic amine

question

which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

answer

stores genetic info of a living organism

question

which of the following is an example of a secondary protein structure?

answer

helix

question

true/false: disulfide bonds stabilize the tertiary structure of a protein.

answer

true

question

true/false: caffine is not an alkaloid.

answer

false

question

true/false: neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit a nerve impulse.

answer

true

question

true/false:crack coccaine is produced by the neutralization and extraction of cocaine from its hydrochloride

answer

true

question

true/false: the peptide structure gly-gly-gly gives the primary structure of a tripeptide.

answer

...

question

true/false:when amides are hydrolyzed in acidic solution the products are an ammonium salt and a carboxylic acid

answer

false

question

true/false: lead ions disrupt hydrophobic interactions.

answer

false

question

true/false: upon hydrolyze, the dipeptide abbreviated as gly-lys will yield the same products.

answer

true

question

true/false: zwitterions have an overall positice charge.

answer

false

question

which of the following cannot be found in a nucleotide of RNA?

answer

deoxyribose

question

the polymerase chain reaction is used in:

answer

DNA fingerprinting

question

a _________ consists of a nitrogen containing base, a sugar, and a phosphate

answer

nucleotide

question

metal ions such as Zn2+ and Fe3+ are often needed by enzymes as:

answer

cofactors

question

the hydrolysis of ester bonds in triglycerides is catalyzed by:

answer

a lipase

question

the general function of an enzyme in the body is to:

answer

catalyse chemical reactions

question

lock and key model of enzyme action, the enzyme active site is thought of as:

answer

a rigid, nonflexible, shape that fits the substrate.

question

what is the process of DNA double helix unfolds, and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new strand?

answer

replication

question

when a substrate bonds to an enzyme for reaction its place of bonding is the:

answer

active site

question

which statement is true?

answer

thymine and adenine are a complementary base pair that forms 2 hydrogen bonds.

question

when DNA replicates, a guanine forms a base pair with:

answer

cytosine

question

which of the following is NOT a step in protein synthesis?

answer

unwinding of two strands of mRNA.

question

a virus that contains RNA as its genetic material is a

answer

retrovirus

question

which of the following is found in RNA but not DNA?

answer

uracil

question

which of the following is NOT a step in the enzyme-catalyzed conversion of a substrate to product?

answer

the substrate changes its shape so it can bind at the active site.

question

how many generalized steps are there in the reaction of an enzyme?

answer

3

question

the function of the enzyme-substrate complex is to provide an alternative reaction pathway that:

answer

decreases the activation energy for the reaction

question

an irreversible inhibitor is one that:

answer

binds covalently to the enzyme active site.

question

the B vitamins are examples of:

answer

water soluble vitamins

question

the optimum temperature for sucrase activity is 37° C. hydrolysis of sucrose is SLOWEST at:

answer

0° C.

question

some sections of DNA molecules do not code for protein synthesis. these segments are called:

answer

introns

question

in the study of genetics, PCR means:

answer

polymerase chain reaction.

question

a _______ consists of a nitrogen-containing base and sugar.

answer

nucleoside

question

the bonds that link the base pairs in DNA double helix are:

answer

hydrogen bonds

question

translation is the process whereby

answer

protein is synthesized from mRNA.

question

when mRNA is synthesized using the info from DNA?

answer

transcription

question

PH 7 and 37°

answer

reactions for the body

question

true/false: enzymes cofactors are always metal ions, such as Zn2+ and Fe3+

answer

false

question

true/false: a nucleotide consists of only a base and a sugar.

answer

false

question

true/fa;se: insulin and digestive enzymes are produced as inactive forms called zymogens.

answer

true

question

true/false: DNA is a protein.

answer

false

question

true/false: aniline transaminase is an example of a transferase enzyme.

answer

true

question

true/false:mRNA is the smallest unit of RNA.

answer

false

question

true/false: if DNA double helix in humans contains 20% guanine, the percentage of adenine is 30%.

answer

true

question

true/false: DNA fingerprinting is not yet used to detect genes for cancer

answer

false

question

true/false: enzymes always require a cofactor.

answer

false

question

true/false: Urease is an example of an oxidoreductase enzyme.

answer

false

Organic and Bio chem cumulative Final – Flashcards

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