OCCC – Mbio 3813 Unit 3 – Flashcards
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| Normal Flora |
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| Microbes that are normally found in humans |
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| Infection |
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| when microbe penetrates host defenses, invades sterile tissues, and multiplies |
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| Microbes are considered a __________ |
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| Pathogen |
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| Infectious disease is when infection causes: |
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| damage or disruption to tissues and organs |
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| Normal Flora Sites |
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| Skin Upper Resp. Tract GI Tract Outer urethra External genitals Vagina External eyes and ears |
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| Sterile Sites |
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| Internal organs Brain and spinal cord Muscles Ovaries/testes Glands Sinuses Middle and Inner ear Inner eye Blood, urine, other fluids. |
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| Normal Flora of skin |
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| Only on dead layers of epidermis, gland and follicles Sterile below Dermis layer |
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| Normal Flora of GI Tract |
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| Epidermal layer of cheeks, gum Teeth surface Saliva (large numbers) Mainly Anaerobes |
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| Normal Flora of Respiratory Tract |
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| All places EXCEPT bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli |
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| Normal Flora of Eye |
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| Conjunctiva |
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| Normal Flora of Ear |
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| External ear: similar to skin Middle and Internal ear: sterile |
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| Define: Pathogenicity |
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| describes an organism's potential to cause infection or disease |
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| Define: True pathogens |
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| pathogens capable of causing disease in healthy persons with normal immune defenses |
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| Define: Opportunistic pathogens |
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| Pathogens that cause disease when host defenses are compromised or when become established in a part of body not normal to organism |
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| Define: Virulence |
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| measurement of degree of pathogenicity used to determine ability to establish in host and cause damage |
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| Define: Virulence factor |
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| Any characteristic or structure of microbe that contributes to the disease state |
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| Process of a Disease: From portal of entry to portal of exit |
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| Portal of Entry Adhesion Invasion Multiplication Infection of Target Disease Portal of Exit |
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| Event: Portal of Entry |
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| microbe enters body cutaneous or membranous boundary outside or latent infection |
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| Event: Adhesion |
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| Microbes gain more stable foothold at portal of entry Once stable, and attached, pathogen invade body compartment |
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| Event: Resistance of host defenses |
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| Phagocytes (WBC) engulf pathogen and destroy via enzymes and antimicrobial chemicals |
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| Pathogen's way of avoid phagocytes: Term |
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| antiphagocytic factors (virulence factor) |
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| Ways for pathogen to avoid Phagocytes: |
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| Produce leukocidin Secrete extracellular surface slime or capsule layer Adapt to hide, survive, and grow within phagocytes |
