question

A set of energetic forces that originates both within and outside an employee, initiates work-related effort, and determines its diction, intensity, and persistence is known as _____.

answer

Motivation

question

Describes the cognitive process that employees go through to make choices among different voluntary responses is known as the _____.

answer

Expectancy theory

question

The belief that exerting a high level of effort will result in the successful performance of some task is known as _____.

answer

Expectancy

question

The belief that a person has the capabilities needed to execute the behaviors required for task success if known as _____.

answer

Self-efficacy

question

In the Expectancy Theory, _____ takes into account their observations and discussions with others who have performed such tasks.

answer

Vicarious Experience

question

In the Expectancy Theory, _____ includes friends, coworkers, and leaders that can persuade employees that they can "get the job done."

answer

Verbal Persuasion

question

In the Expectancy Theory, _____ are feelings of fear or anxiety that can create doubts about task accomplishment, whereas pride and enthusiasm can bolster confidence levels.

answer

Emotional Cues

question

The belief that successful performance will result in some outcomes is known as _____.

answer

Instrumentality

question

The anticipation value of the outcomes associated with performance is known as _____.

answer

Valence

question

Cognitive groupings or clusters of outcomes that are viewed as having critical psychological or physiological consequences are known as _____.

answer

Needs

question

Motivation that is controlled by some contingency that depends on task performance is known as _____.

answer

Extrinsic Motivation

question

Motivation that is felt when task performance serves as its own reward is known as _____.

answer

Intrinsic Motivation

question

In the Goal Setting Theory, _____ is defined as learning plans and problem-solving approaches used to achieve successful performance.

answer

Task Strategies

question

Out of the three moderators in the Goal Setting Theory, _____ consists of updates on employee progress toward goal attainment.

answer

Feedback

question

Out of the three moderators in the Goal Setting Theory, _____ reflects how complicated the information and actions involved in a task are, as well as how much the task changes.

answer

Task Complexity

question

Managers are now trained to identify five to seven _____ goals for each employee and to link rewards directly to goal achievement.

answer

S.M.A.R.T.

question

_____ acknowledges that motivation doesn't just depend on your own beliefs and circumstances but also on what happens to other people.

answer

Equity Theory

question

Equity Theory argues that you compare your ratio of outcomes and inputs to the ratio of some _____- person who seems to provide an intuitive frame of reference for judging equity.

answer

Comparison Other

question

A reevaluation of the inputs an employee brings to a job, often occurring in response to equity distress is known as _____. By allowing you to restore balance mentally, without altering your behavior.

answer

Cognitive Distortion

question

An energy rooted in the belief that work tasks contribute to some larger purpose is known as _____.

answer

Psychological Empowerment

question

_____ captures the value of a work goal or purpose, relative to a person's own ideals and passions.

answer

Meaningfulness

question

_____ captures a person's belief in his/her capability to perform work tasks successfully.

answer

Competence

question

People who experience higher levels of equate tend to feel _____ levels of affective commitment and normative commitment.

answer

higher

question

An organization's _____ reflects the prominence of its brand in the minds of the public and the perceived quality of its goods and services.

answer

Reputation

question

_____ is defined as the willingness to be vulnerable to a person based on positive expectations about the person's intentions and actions.

answer

Trust

question

The three factors that influence trust levels are _____, _____, and _____.

answer

disposition, cognition, affect

question

The perceived fairness of an authority's decision making is known as _____.

answer

Justice

question

_____ justice reflects the perceived fairness of decision-making outcomes, by asking whether decision outcomes, such as pay, rewards, evaluations, promotions, and work assignments, are allocated using proper norms.

answer

Distributive

question

_____ justice reflects the perceived fairness of decision-making outcomes, by fostering authorities adherence to rules of fair process, such as voice, or giving employees a chance to express their opinions and views during the course of decision making.

answer

Procedural

question

_____ justice reflects the perceived fairness of the treatment received by employees from authorities. It's fostered when authorities adhere to two rules... 1) Authorities treat employees in a dignified and sincere manner 2) Authorities refrain from making improper or offensive remarks.

answer

Interpersonal

question

_____ justice reflects the perceived fairness of the communications provided to employees from authorities. Fostered when authorities adhere to two rules... 1) The justification rule mandates that authorities explain decision-making procedures and outcomes in a comprehensive and reasonable manner 2) The truthfulness rule requires that those communications be honest in a comprehensive and adequate manner.

answer

Informational

question

The degree to which the behaviors of an authority are in accordance with generally accepted moral norms are known as _____.

answer

Ethics

question

A perspective that acknowledges that the responsibilities of a business encompass the economic, legal, ethical, and citizenship expectations of society.

answer

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)

question

Permanent changes in an employee's knowledge or skill that result from experience is known as _____.

answer

Learning

question

The process of generating and chosen from a set of alternatives to solve a problem is known as _____.

answer

Decision Making

question

The knowledge and skills that distinguish experts from novices and less experienced people is known as _____.

answer

Expertise

question

The kind of information you're likely to think about when you picture someone sitting down at a desk to learn is known as _____ knowledge.

answer

Explicit

question

The kind of information you're likely to think about when you picture employees typically learning only through experience is known as _____ knowledge.

answer

Tacit

question

There are four specific consequences (+/- reinforcement, punishment, extinction) typically used by organizations to modify employee behavior, known as the _____.

answer

Contingencies of reinforcement

question

Various reinforcement methods; reinforcement schedules...

answer

Various reinforcement methods; reinforcement schedules...

question

In addition to learning through reinforcement, _____ argues that people in organizations have the ability to learn through the observation of others.

answer

Social learning theory

question

When employees observe the actions of others, learn from what they observe, and then repeat observed behavior, they're engaging in _____.

answer

Behavioral modeling

question

Attentional processes, retention processes, production processes and reinforcement are all part of the _____.

answer

modeling process

question

Decision-making problems

answer

Decision-making problems ( various types of faulty perceptions, faulty attributions)

question

The process of selecting, organizing, storing, and retrieving information about the environment is known as _____.

answer

Perception

question

Learning has a _____ effect on performance.

answer

moderate positive

question

Groups of employees who work together and learn form one another by collaborating over an extended period of time are _____.

answer

Community of practice

question

_____ occurs when the knowledge, skills, and behaviors used on the job are maintained by the learner once training ends and generalized to the workplace once the learner returns on the job.

answer

Transfer of training

question

The structures and propensities inside people that explain their characteristic patterns of though, emotion and behavior is known as _____.

answer

Personality

question

Recurring regularities or trends in people's responses to their environment are known as _____.

answer

Traits

question

Shared beliefs about desirable end states or modes of conduce in a given culture are known as _____.

answer

Cultural values

question

...

answer

The big five personality taxonomy (which has the biggest influence on job performance among the five)

question

Conscientious employees prioritize _____, which reflects a strong desire to accomplish task-related goals as a means of expressing personality.

answer

Accomplishment striving

question

Agreeable people prioritize _____, which reflects a strong desirer to obtain acceptance in personal relationships as a means of expressing personality.

answer

Communion striving

question

Extraversion is the easiest to judge in _____ situations, where two people have only just met.

answer

Zero acquaintance

question

Extraverted people prioritize _____, which reflects a strong desire to obtain power and influence within a social structure as a means of expressing personality.

answer

Status striving

question

A disposal tendency to experience pleasant, engaging moods such as enthusiasm, excitement, and elation are all _____.

answer

Positive affectivity

question

...

answer

Hofstede's Dimensions of Cultural Values (get to know the five dimensions; be familiar with the content of each dimension)

question

Conscientiousness has a _____ effect on performance.

answer

moderate positive

question

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

answer

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (Under what context, the use of MBTI is most appropriate?)

question

Exaggerating your responses to a personality test in a social desirable fashion is _____.

answer

Faking

question

Relatively stable capabilities people have to perform a particular range of different but related activities is known as _____.

answer

Ability (ability vs. skills, nature vs. nurture debate)

question

Capabilities related to the acquisition and application of knowledge in problem solving is known as _____.

answer

Cognitive ability

question

Many believe there's a human ability that affects social functioning called _____.

answer

emotional intelligence

question

The tests that assess emotional intelligence are _____-style, because questions are scored as _____ or _____.

answer

SAT, correct, incorrect

question

In physical abilities, static and dynamic are facets of _____.

answer

strength

question

General cognitive ability has a _____ effect on task performance.

answer

stong positive

question

A 12-minute test of general cognitive ability that consists of 50 questions is known as the _____.

answer

Wonderlic Personnel Test

question

Motivation is a critical consideration because effective _____ often requires _____ levels of both ability and motivation.

answer

Job performance, high

question

Motivation determines the _____, _____, and _____ of effort.

answer

Direction, intensity, persistence

question

A set of subjective probabilities, ranging from 0 (no chance) to 1 (mortal lock) is known as _____.

answer

Instrumentality

question

The commonly studied needs are (5)? Hint: ERCEM

answer

existence, relatedness, control, esteem, meaning

question

In a need label, the need for food, shelter, safetly, and protection required is known as _____.

answer

Existence

question

In a need label, the need to create and maintain lasting, positive, interpersonal relationships is known as _____.

answer

Relatedness

question

In a need label, the need to be able to predict one's future is known as _____.

answer

Control

question

In a need label, the need to hold a high evaluation of oneself and to feel effective and respected by others is known as _____.

answer

Esteem

question

In a need label, the need to perform tasks that one cares about and that appeals to one's ideals and sense of purpose is known as _____.

answer

Meaning

question

The S.M.A.R.T. acronym summarizes many beneficial goal characteristics, standing for: _____, _____, _____, _____, and _____.

answer

Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Results-based, Time-sensitive

question

Equity theory suggests that employees create "_____" of the outcomes/rewards they get from their job duties.

answer

Mental Ledgers

question

Models of psychological empowerment argue that _____, _____, _____, and _____, can make work tasks intrinsically motivating.

answer

meaningfulness, self-determination, competence, impact

question

Reputation is an intangible asset that can take a long time to build, and depends on many things, but one of the most importance factors is _____.

answer

Trust

question

What are the four dimensions of justice?

answer

Distributive, procedural, interpersonal, informational

question

Easily transferred through written/verbal communication, readily available to most, can be learned through books, always conscious and accessible information, and general information are all characteristics of _____ knowledge.

answer

Explicit

question

Very difficult, if not possible, to articulate to others, highly personal in nature, based on experience, sometimes holders don't even recognize that they posses it, typically job- or situation-specific is known as _____ knowledge.

answer

Tactic

question

In the basis of consequences, _____ schedules tend to lead to higher level of performance than _____ schedules.

answer

Variable, fixed

question

_____ schedules, reinforcement schedule based on actual behaviors, rewards people after a varying number of exhibited behaviors.

answer

Variable ratio

question

In the modeling process, _____ processes is when the learner focuses attention on the critical behaviors exhibited by the model.

answer

Attentional

question

In the modeling process, _____ processes is when the learner must remember the behaviors of the model anode the model is no longer present.

answer

Retention

question

In the modeling process, _____ processes is when the learner must have the appropriate skill set and be able to reproduce the behavior.

answer

Production

question

In the modeling process, _____ is when the learner must view the model receiving reinforcement for the behavior and then receive it themselves.

answer

Reinforcement

question

In regards to decision-making problems, _____ is the notion that decision makers simply don't have the ability/resources to process all available information and alternatives to make an optimal decision.

answer

bounded rationality

question

_____ refers to the decision to continue to follow a failing course of action. The expression "throwing good money after bad" captures this common decision-making error.

answer

escalation of commitment

question

Learning has a _____ effect on commitment.

answer

weak positive

question

Transfer of training can be fostered if organizations create a _____, an environment that can support the use of new skills.

answer

climate of transfer

question

A disposal tendency to experience unpleasant moods such as hostility, nervousness and annoyance are all _____.

answer

negative affectivity

question

Conscientiousness has a _____ effect on commitment.

answer

moderate positive

question

Facet in emotional intelligence: _____, or the appraisal and expression of emotions in oneself. Ability to understand the types of emotions he/she is experiencing.

answer

self-awareness

question

Facet in emotional intelligence: _____, or the appraisal and recognition of emotion of others. Ability to recognize and understand the emotions that other people are feeling.

answer

other awareness

question

Facet in emotional intelligence: _____, being able to recover quickly from emotional experiences.

answer

emotion regulation

question

Facet in emotional intelligence: _____, degree in which people can harness emotions and employ them to improve their chances of being successful in whatever they're seeking to do.

answer

use of emotions

question

In physical abilities, near and far visions, night vision, depth perception, hearing sensitivity, auditory retention and speech recognition are all facets of _____.

answer

sensory

question

General cognitive ability has _____ affective commitment.

answer

no effect

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