Nutrition Midterm Quizzes 1-9 – Flashcards

Which of the following accurately describes the term hypothesis?

Which of the following nutrients can directly supply energy for human use?

Which of the following is characteristic of lipids?

Which of the following is a function of water?

Carbohydrates provide ______ kilocalories per gram.

The essential nutrients

To reduce their risk for many chronic diseases, Americans should limit their intakes of

A meal consisting of a cheeseburger, large fries, and a chocolate shake provides a total of 1,120 kilocalories. Forty-eight percent of the energy in the meal is from carbohydrate and 13 percent is from protein. How many kilocalories of fat does the meal contain?

Vitamins and minerals ______ be broken down to provide energy.

Which of the following is an essential nutrient?

Which of the following is the leading nutrition-related cause of death in the United States?

The "Freshman 15" is the term used to describe the

Minerals can

Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamins?

Nutrition is

One serving of Raisin Bran cereal contains 50 percent of the 18 mg Daily Value for iron. How much iron will one serving of your cereal provide?

Which of the following nutrient standards is referenced on the Nutrition Facts panel of a box of Cheerios™?

An adult who follows a 2000-kcal Healthy U.S.-Style Eating Pattern should consume ______ cups of milk or milk equivalents per day.

An adult who follows a 2000-kcal Healthy U.S.-Style Eating Pattern should consume ______ ounce-equivalents from the Protein Foods group per day.

Which meal contains foods from all food groups represented in MyPlate?

Which of the following is true about the way we should eat to achieve good nutritional status?

The RDAs for nutrients are set

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend which of the following?

When it comes to choosing fruit, the Dietary Guidelines recommend

Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, released in 2008, advise a minimum of minutes per week of moderate-intensity physical activity for adults.

Which statement best describes the healthful diet principle of moderation?

Which statement best describes nutrient density?

According to MyPlate, food choices from the Grains group should include

The Dietary Guidelines recommend limiting intake of ______ to less than 10% of calories.

The food grouping guidelines most recently released from the United States government are called

The organelles that are known as the "power plants" or the "powerhouses" of the cell are the

Which of the following is not a function of the urinary system?

Nutrient-rich blood leaving the intestine goes by way of a vein directly to the

Which organ of the urinary system produces urine?

Connective Tissue

Muscle Tissue

Tissue

Organ

Nervous tissue

Epithelial tissue

After digestion and absorption, which circulatory system carries fat and fat-soluble vitamins?

Most chemical digestion takes place in the

Which of the following, upon digestion, is not normally absorbed directly into the bloodstream?

Where does digestion begin?

Peristalsis refers to

The ______ system is assisted by the lymphatic system and the physical barriers of the skin and gastrointestinal tract.

What substance helps suspend fat in a watery digestive mixture, making fat more available to digestive enzymes?

The villi of the small intestine

Which large blood vessel is the first to receive most recently eaten nutrients, transporting them to the liver?

To which body part does blood travel to pick up oxygen and release carbon dioxide?

The Food and Nutrition Board recommends that Americans consume ______ of their total calories from carbohydrates.

Amylase is

Which of the following is not a monosaccharide?

______ is a condition in which one lacks lactase. Symptoms include gas and bloating after consuming dairy products.

What enzyme is responsible for carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine?

Which of the following combinations of monosaccharides is true?

Excessive sugar intake is related to development of dental caries because

Low fiber intake can cause constipation and force parts of the large intestine wall out from between the surrounding bands of muscle, forming many small pouches called

The main function of glucose is to supply _______ for the body.

Which of the following is not true of carbohydrate absorption?

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the

Which organ will first receive sugars after they are absorbed into the blood?

Glycogen is

Nonfermentable (insoluble) fibers

Polysaccharides

Viscous (soluble) fibers

Monosaccharide

Disaccharide

Gram for gram, which of the following contains the most cholesterol?

Which lipoprotein is responsible for picking up cholesterol from dying cells and other sources so it can be transported back to the liver for excretion?

Olive and canola oils contain a high percentage of _____ fatty acids.

Which of the following is the best strategy to limit trans fat in the diet?

______ are synthesized by the liver to transport fat to the rest of the body.

After chylomicrons leave the intestinal cells, they are transported via what system?

Hydrogenation produces

Which of the following is a rich source of saturated fatty acids?

Sterols are similar to triglycerides in which of the following ways?

A(n) _____ is the simplest form of lipid; it is a carbon chain, flanked by hydrogens, with an acid group at one end and a methyl group at the other end.

According to the Food and Nutrition Board, what is the upper limit of fat (in grams) that should be consumed by a healthy person requiring 2,000 kilocalories per day?

The major fat-digesting enzyme is

Of the macronutrients, fats are the most significant dietary factor(s) associated with

"Hidden" fat includes

Which of the following is a food source of cholesterol?

Cooking an egg alters its appearance due to

The basic building block of a protein is called a(n)

What enzyme is released by the stomach to digest protein?

When protein consumption is in excess of body needs and energy needs are met, the excess amino acids are metabolized and the energy in the molecule is

Treating a protein with acid, heat, or agitation will cause ______, meaning that the three-dimensional structure of the protein has been altered.

Which of the following is true about protein?

The type of malnutrition that results primarily from not consuming enough calories is called

If a person does not eat enough carbohydrate to supply the glucose the body needs, which of the following will happen?

If the diet is lacking an essential amino acid, what will be the course of action?

An essential amino acid

Most plant proteins are ______ proteins, which means that they are low in one or more of the essential amino acids.

Which of the following is true about an incomplete protein source?

The disease phenylketonuria (PKU) illustrates how a nonessential amino acid can become conditionally essential as a result of a genetic disease. A person with PKU has a limited ability to metabolize the essential amino acid

Short chain proteins and ______ are the end products of protein digestion that can be taken up by the absorptive cells of the small intestine.

How many grams of protein are needed per day by a male non-athlete, weighing 87 kilograms?

When attempting to use body fat percentage to define obesity, body fat above _______ for men results in an obesity diagnosis.

Bob is a 34-year-old male who weighs 150 pounds and is a long distance cycler. He is engaged in vigorous activity. Based on the MyPlate Calorie Guidelines, Bob needs approximately _______ kilocalories per day.

The energy expended to digest, absorb, and further process nutrients in food is called the ______ of food. This equals approximately 5% to 10% of energy intake.

Basal metabolism is the energy expended

Men with body fat levels greater than _____ have increased health risks.

For a woman who is 1.63 meters tall and weighs 72 kilograms, the body mass index would equal

Cognitive restructuring

Contingency management

Stimulus control

Self-monitoring

Chain-breaking

The name for the minimum energy expended to keep a resting, awake body alive is ______. This represents about 60% to 70% of total energy expenditure.

When attempting to use body fat percentage to define obesity, body fat above ______ for women results in an obesity diagnosis.

The thermic effect of food

Martha is maintaining her current weight by eating 2,500 kilocalories per day. To lose 1 pound of fat per week, she would have to decrease her intake to how many kilocalories per day?

Thermogenesis refers to all of the following except

Mary wishes to lose 5 pounds before her vacation in approximately 5 weeks. Her average consumption is 2,100 kilocalories per day. How many kilocalories should she consume daily to begin to lose this weight, assuming her activity pattern remains unchanged?

Which of the following does not contribute to total energy expenditure?

When considering physical activity for weight control, keep in mind that aerobic activity, including brisk walking, jogging, or cycling, burns more ______ than resistance activity.

Which of the following is true about the intake of vitamins?

Which of the following is not true of B vitamins?

Which of the following vitamins are most readily excreted by the body?

______ are mostly stored in the liver and adipose tissue.

Which of the following does not help preserve the vitamin content of fruits and vegetables?

Zinc competes with ______ for absorption.

Which of the following is best for preserving the vitamin content of foods?

Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and fluoride mainly serve as structural components of

In general, excess amounts of water-soluble vitamins are excreted via the

Which of the following is true about the absorption, transport, and storage of fat-soluble vitamins?

Which of the following statements about micro nutrients is true?

Minerals are categorized based on the amount we need per day. Which of the following statements is correct?

Which of the following statements is true about vitamin characteristics?

Which of the following is true about mineral bioavailability?

Micronutrients can be classified based on the presence of ______ in their chemical structures. According to this classification system, vitamins are organic and minerals are inorganic.

The amount of water in each body compartment mainly is controlled by

Active transport of ______ from the lumen of the intestine into the cells lining the intestine facilitates absorption of water from the gastrointestinal tract.

Which of the following electrolytes is especially important for proper heart rhythm?

The two most significant extracellular ions are

Of the following foods, which one is lowest in sodium?

Which of the following is not true about the regulation of fluid in the body?

Intracellular water volume depends primarily on the concentration of

Which of the following is a function of potassium?

A useful strategy to reduce the risk of developing hypertension is

Consumption of a diet high in salt by a healthy individual will

Water constitutes ______ percent of body weight.

The major source of ______ in the American diet is processed foods.

Obesity

About 95% of Americans exceed the Upper Level for

Water regulates body temperature through heat loss via