Nursing 102 Final – Flashcards
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When did Hospitals begin to attract well-to-do patients who could afford to pay privately?
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When hospitals offered superior medical services and surgical procedures that could not be offered at the home.
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Wo opened the first proprietary hospitals?
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Physicians
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What triggered the downsizing phase in the US hospital industry during the 1980s?
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Prospective payment system
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DRG-based reimbursement necessitated hospitals to do what?
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Reduce the length of stay for hospitalized patients
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Most federal hospitals in the US serve
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veterans
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A large number of _________ have closed because there was no need for separate institutions.
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Osteopathic hospitals
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True or False? Women are admitted to hospitals more often than men even after adjusting for childbearing?
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True
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True or False? The Internal Revenue Code forbids nonprofit hospitals to make a profit.
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False
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True or False? Compared to general hospitals, specialty hospitals offer services that are clinically superior.
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False
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Ethical issues concerning patients are guided by which of the following
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E. ALL OF THE ABOVE
The principle of beneficence
The principle of nonmalefiicence
The patient self-determination act
Informed consent
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What is one aspect in which managed care differs from conventional insurance?
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Responsibility for delivery of services
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The CMS uses ____ as an overall measure of a health plan's quality
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A star rating system
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What was the consumers' main gripe against managed care during the 1990s?
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Lack of choice of providers
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In which type of utilization management is a primary care physicians opinion necessary in referring or not referring a patient to a specialist?
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Gatekeeping
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Pre-certification is associated with which type of utilization review?
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Prospective
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In which of the following plans an MCO can lose a large number of physicians if a contract is lost?
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HMO IPA model plans
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True or False? Most medicare beneficiaries receive their health care through managed care plans.
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False
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True or False? A PPO plan is a hybrid between HMO and POS plans.
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False
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True or false? Research shows that there are issues with access to both primary and specialty care in Medicaid managed care.
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True
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To increase comprehensiveness and continuity of services, an appropriate integration strategy for a health care organization would be to implement...
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Vertical integration
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Long term care services often interface with what type of care?
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Various non-long term care services
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Severe ADL limitation often indicate the need for what service?
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Institutionalization
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What is the main goal of LTC as it relates to a patients function?
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Promote independence
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To qualify for home health care under Medicare, skilled nursing services must be
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Part time or intermittent
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What is the purpose of SNF certification?
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It enables a facility to serve Medicare clients
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When living in a long-term care facility, a patient's personal dignity is part of _________.
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Quality of Life
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True or false? Most LTC services are provided informally by family and friends?
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True
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True or false? The IADL scale incorporates activities that are necessary for living independently in the community.
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True
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Which approach below addresses/incorporates a patient's physical, mental, social, and spiritual needs?
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holistic approach
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What is the term for the rapid and cumulative physical and emotional changes that characterize childhood?
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Developmental vulnerability
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Which of the following does not qualify as a challenge that faces rural health?
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Easy access to transportation
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Which of the following is a major health concern for women?
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D. All of the above
Higher chance of developing more acute and chronic illnesses
Poorer health outcomes
Greater morbidity
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Mental disorders are common psychiatric illnesses affecting which group?
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Adults
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What causes the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)?
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HIV
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Uninsured individuals typically tend to be
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Young adults (ages 25-40)
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True or False? Let's Move is an initiative designed to promote a healthy start in life for children, from pregnancy through early childhood, serve healthier food in schools, and increase physical activity?
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True
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True or False? The nation's mental health system is composed of three subsystems based on the severity of mental health condition.
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False
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According to your book, new morbidities consists of:
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D. All of the above
Drug Abuse
Alchohol Abuse
Neighborhood violence
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The rate of growth in health spending in the US slowed to its lowest level during what time period?
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1993-2000
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How were Diagnostic related groups (DRGs) originally supposed to decrease costs?
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Creating certain procedure/service codes that hospitals would be reimbursed accordingly
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According to Donabedain, in order to help define and measure quality in healthcare organizations, you must examine three domains. Which of the following is NOT one of those domains?
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Risk
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Which of the following is related to improving access to care:
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D. All of the above
Population-based surveys supported by federal statistical agencies are the major data sources for conducting analyses on access to care
Access to care has been incrementally addressed by the US government through a variety of public programs
It is society duty to ensure equitable access to an adequate level of health care for all
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Which of the following is NOT an implication of the IOMs definition of Quality?
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Quality can only be evaluated from an individual's experience rather than population level.
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Accountable Care Organizations are:
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Designed to help increase cooperation between providers across various health care settings to improve Medicare patient outcomes.
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True or false? The US healthcare system is centrally planned by the government.
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False
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True or False? The US has the highest per capita health spending, but poorer health relative to other developed countries.
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True
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If a physicians orders more tests and services that are NOT medically justified because of the threat of malpractice lawsuits, this process is referred to as..
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Defensive medicine
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What type of allocative tool spreads benefits throughout society
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Distributive
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How does healthcare policy making operate in the US?
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Incrementally
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Which of the following is NOT an essential role that individual states play in healthcare policy making?
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Providing all funding for graduate medical residents.
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What two main concerns dominate the debate today over Medicare reform policy?
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Decrease spending: comprehensive coverage
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How was the Medicare PPS system designed to curb escalating healthcare costs?
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By providing a general fee schedule for services
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All of the following are issues remaining after the ACA was enacted, EXCEPT:
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Children above the age of 21 still cannot qualify for insurance
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True or False? The US health care system is centrally controlled.
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False
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True or false? The SCHIP program is focused on the health care of children.
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True
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True or false? The American public generally accepts the idea of universal health coverage and the federal government managing the health care delivery system.
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False
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When it comes to healthcare funding/financing in the Us which sector plays a larger role?
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Private sector
