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Enculturation which Socialization into one's primary culture as a child

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A 6-month-old child from Guatemala was adopted by an American family in Indiana. The child's socialization into the American midwestern culture is best described as:

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Arab Americans emerging population background

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Three major waves of immigration from late 1800s to 1960s Three largest groups: Lebanese, Syrians, Egyptians Their Religions is Christianity, Judaism, Islam

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Health concerns and issues Arab Americans emerging population

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Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus Coronary artery disease Role of acculturation Mental health Teenage smoking

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Arab Americans emerging population Barriers to care

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Religious belief and practices Cultural norms/modesty Gender issues regarding providers Communication difficulty Folk remedies Lack of culturally competent providers

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Selected health-related cultural aspects of Arab Americans

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Role of religion Importance of family; male-dominated family structure Present-oriented

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Native Americans/Alaskan Natives emerging population Background

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Native to North/South America for thousands of years Experience minority group status; lower education and income levels compared to other groups

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Native Americans/Alaskan Natives emerging population Health concerns and care issues

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Linked to social and economic conditions Smoking, substance abuse Deaths: unintentional injuries, cirrhosis, homicide, suicide, pneumonia, diabetes

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Barriers to care for Native Americans/Alaskan Natives

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emerging population Difficult access to care Underserved population

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Selected health-related cultural aspects for Native Americans/Alaskan Natives

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Present-oriented; take one day at a time Value cooperation over competition Value families—form kinship systems Share resources Believe health exists when person is in harmony with nature Traditional health practices important (shaman

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Emerging population Black /African American population risk factor of disease are

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prostate cancer, glaucoma, sickle cell disease

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According to the CDC death rate for African Americans are:

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Heart disease Cancer Diabetes HIV

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Second largest minority population in the U.S Majority of Blacks live in the Southern states

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Black/African American makes up4.2 million of people of the Black/African American population make up 13.2 % of the total U.S population

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makes up4.2 million of people of the Black/African American population make up 13.2 % of the total U.S population

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Black/African American

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Background, recognizing her biases and prejudices

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A 46-year-old woman from Bosnia came to the United States 6 years ago. Although she did not celebrate Christmas when she lived in Bosnia, she celebrates Christmas with her family now. This woman has experienced assimilation into the culture of the United States because she:

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African American elders typically don't like to seek out

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health care when needed

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Health Related Cultural Aspect for Black/African American

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Religion: Church Healing powers of prayer Spiritual : Disease caused by natural and spiritual points Spiritualist/healer Remedies use roots, herbs, potion

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Roles of a Nurse for Black/African American

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Advocate Find what insurance they can get/receive/eligible for and who to go to Are they eligible for Medicade/Medicare

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Cultural awareness

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is an in-depth self-examination of one's own background, recognizing biases and prejudices and assumptions about other people.

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Black/African American use Parish Nurses

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A leader in faith community nurse education and research with at least two years of experience An RN who encourages physical and spiritual health and wholeness by developing and leading programs within faith communities They address issues of its members as well as those in the broader community/ neighborhood

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42% of homeless are Shortage in affordable housing may be related Fewer work opportunities

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African Americans

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African Americans are more prone to

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health issues Lack of education and income are major issues related to their health care Their culture is very family oriented

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What disease are African Americans most prone to

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prostate cancer, glaucoma, sickle cell disease HIV

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Which of the following is required in the delivery of culturally congruent care?

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Acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes

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Do you bathe and use deodorant more than one time a week?"

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A registered nurse is admitting a patient of French heritage to the hospital. Which question asked by the nurse indicates that the nurse is stereotyping the patient?

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Asian American/Pacific Islanders

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Asians make 5.6 percent of U.S population

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What is the third most widely non-English Language spoken after Spanish

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Chinese

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Asian American/Pacific Islanders are made up of

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Native Hawaiians or Pacific Islanders

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The three Largest Group of Asians

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Chinese, Koreans and Filipinos

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Native Hawaiians or Pacific Islanders

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Are People having origins of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa or other Pacific Island

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According to the 2010 U.S. Census Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders comprise

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26 percent of the total population

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Asians are people having origins in

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FAR EAST, SOUTH WEST ASIA and INDIAN SUBCONTIENT

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ISSUES FOR Asian American/Pacific Islanders (AAPIs)

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Infrequent Medical Visits Language/ Culture barriers Lack of health insurance Fear of transportation

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Leading Cause of Death FOR Asian American/Pacific Islanders (AAPIs

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Cancer Heart Attack Stroke Diabetes Unintentional injuries

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Risk factor for Asian American/Pacific Islanders (AAPIs)

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Hepatitis B Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV, AIDS) Smoking TB Liver Disease Higher risk for Stomach Cancer

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Health-related cultural aspects

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The following are what affect the health care of APPIs Avoid disagreements with doctors Avoid mental health care Avoid sex relate topics Practice Folk medicine such as: herbs, leaves, roots, and tree bark Ex. Taoism, Ying and Yang Ex. Herbs, leaves, roots, and tree bark.

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Issues in the healthcare system due to beliefs of Asian American/Pacific Islanders (AAPIs)

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New Diseases due to not understanding Western medical concepts, language/cultural barriers, lack of insurance, and fear of transportation Traditional Chinese medical texts have no concept of cancer, this can interfere with preventive mammograms and Pap smears that screen for cancer

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Nursing Roles in Caring for Asian American/Pacific Islanders (AAPIs)

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Understanding the culture to provide health care accordingly Speak on behalf of the patient when certain topics are hard to talk about Research the patient's culture Create a safe environment for the patient

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Important Information of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders

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Smoking and tobacco use is a prominent health issue and a preventable cause of disease and death Increased rates of HIV/AIDS infections Deals with prejudice, discrimination, and racism

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Which of the following people/countries would be considered Asian American

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Japan Vietnam Korea India

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Which rationale by a nursing instructor best explains why it is challenging to globally classify the Asian American culture?

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The nursing instructor's best explanation is that the Asian American culture is difficult to classify globally due to the number of countries that identify with this culture. The Asian American culture includes peoples and descendants from Japan, China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Thailand, Cambodia, Korea, Laos, India, and the Pacific Islands. Within this culture there are vast differences in values, religious practices, languages, and attitudes.

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Hispanic/Latino Culture emerging population

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Hispanic refers to individuals who have a historical relation to Spain

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Hispanic

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being of Latin American or Iberian ancestry, primarily referring to people of Spanish-speaking origin. People who are Hispanic may consider Spanish or English their native language

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Latino

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A Hispanic individual who is born in the United States. Not fluent in Spanish and is engaged in social empowerment through Identity Politics. English is usually their native language.

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Hispanic/Latino Culture emerging population People of lower socioeconomic status

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do not commonly use reading and writing as a means of communication.

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Hispanics, are the highest

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uninsured racial or ethnic group within the United States

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Hispanic Americans' health is often associated with

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factors such as language/cultural barriers, lack of access to preventive care, and lack of health insurance

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Leading causes of illness and death among Hispanics include

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heart disease, cancer, HIV/AIDs, stroke, and diabetes.

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Both Hispanic men and women have higher incidence and mortality rates for

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stomach cancer.

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Latino/Hispanic Americans had the second-largest numbers of persons with

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HIV/AIDS at the close 2005

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Mexican American adults are almost 2 times more likely than

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non-Hispanic whites to have diabetes and 1.5 times as likely to die from this disease.

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Other barriers of Latino/Hispanic Americans include :

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lack of racial and ethnic diversity in the leadership and workforce for the health care system, lack of interpreter services for Spanish speaking people, and lack of or inadequate culturally appropriate health care resources.

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Most Hispanic people do not engage in direct

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eye contact when speaking to healthcare staff.

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Personalismo:

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Display of mutual respect

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Latino/Hispanic Americans Address older individuals by

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last name

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Familismo

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Importance of family at all levels which include nuclear, extended, and friends. Needs of family super cede personal needs. Examples include: pooling incomes, mutual support for duties such as childcare and elderly, cooking, and cleaning

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Jerarquismo:

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Respect for familial hierarchy

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Presentismo

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Emphasis on present

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Machismo

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Culture centered on males as the leader and decision makers especially in financial and health matters

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Espiritismo

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Spiritual beliefs of good/evil spirits affect the persons well being

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Using techniques such as the teach back technique can help people of

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of Latin culture understand healthcare options.

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Considerations related to Nurse's Role for Latino/Hispanic Americans

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known to have higher stress levels. Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus are on the rise within this ethnic group. have a three times higher rate of being a victim of hypertension. Tuberculosis is a rising awareness. Treatments for health that is common among Latin people is herbal therapy. (wormwood, teas, steamed baths) In Latin culture herbs are known to cure diseases.

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Conclusions for Latino/Hispanic Americans

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Spanish is the native language for Hispanics. Hispanic people are reluctant to seek traditional healthcare. High rate of uninsured individuals. Since many Hispanics are reluctant to disclose home remedies used, understanding the cultural practices will allow for open communication. To increase compliance, ask about religious beliefs and church resources, include family members, and incorporate home remedies in healthcare. Respect is important in communication, always call older adults by last name, direct eye contact is not practiced.

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Rate of serious illness and injury are 3 to 6 times higher than society

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In Emerging Populations Homeless Population

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Ms. Rose, a 58 year old Hispanic female is hospitalized after having open heart surgery. She has a history of hypertension, coronary artery disease, and diabetes mellitus type II. The nurse that understands the Hispanic culture incorporates which of the following into the clients healthcare/teaching:

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Incorporates Ms. Rose's sister and daughters into her healthplan. B.) Teach about the effects of garlic with Coumadin. C.) Maintain direct eye contact while speaking with patient. D.) Use "teach back" technique to assess Ms. Rose's understanding of medication compliance

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Beliefs within the Homeless Population consist of

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Self-survival, in the sense that they may not be open to public health care. The feeling of being at home on the streets due to the fact that they have a connection with their social environment.

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Nurses must have a specific care plan for homeless people due to the

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availability to self care and recovery equipment.

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A nurse has just finished her 12 hour shift and is on her way home. On her way home, she decides to stop for coffee at a local Dunkin Donuts. While walking in, she sees a man on the sidewalk that appears to be homeless. As she walks closer, she notices signs and symptoms that he may be hypoglycemic. What are some of the signs that the nurse might be noticing?

answer

Sweating Clammy, cool skin Seizures

NR 222 chp 9 culture and ethnicity And Emerging population(Vulnerable population – Flashcards

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