My Chel’s Chem – Flashcards

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Ammonium
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NH4+
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Cesium
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Cs+
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Copper(I) or cuprous
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Cu+
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Hydrogen
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H+
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Lithium
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Li+
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Potassium
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K+
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Silver
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Ag+
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Barium
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Ba2+
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Cadmium
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Cd 2+
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Calcium
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Ca2+
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Chromium(II) or chromous
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Cr2+
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Cobalt(II) or cobaltous
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Co2+
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Copper(II) or cupric
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Cu2+
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Iron(II) or ferrous
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Fe2+
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Lead(II) or plumbous
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Pb2+
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Magnesium
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Mg2+
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Manganese(II) or manganous
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Mn2+
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Mercurous
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Hg22+
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Mercuric
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Hg2+
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Strontium
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Sr2+
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Nickle(II)
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Ni2+
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Stannous
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Sn2+
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Zinc
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Zn2+
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Aluminum
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Al3+
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Chromic
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Cr3+
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Ferric
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Fe3+
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Acetate
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C2H3O2-
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Bromide
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Br-
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Chlorate
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ClO3-
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Chloride
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Cl-
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Cyanide
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CN-
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Dihydrogen phosphate
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H2PO4-
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Fluoride
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F-
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Hydride
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H-
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Hydrogen carbonate or Bicarbonate
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HCO3-
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Hydrogen sulfite or bisulfite
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HSO3-
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Hydroxide
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OH-
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Iodide
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I-
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Nitrate
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NO3-
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Nitrite
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NO2-
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Perchlorate
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ClO4-
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Permanganate
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MnO4-
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Thiocyanate
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SCN-
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Carbonate
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CO32-
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Chromate
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CrO42-
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Dichromate
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Cr2O72-
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Hydrogen phosphate
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HPO42-
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Oxide
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O2-
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Peroxide
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O22-
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Sulfate
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SO42-
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Chemistry
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study of the properties of materials and the changes that materials undergo
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Matter
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physical material of the universe. it is anything that has mass and takes up space
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Property
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anything with characteristics that allow us to recognize a particular type of matter and to distinguish it from other types
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atom
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the almost ifinitely smallest building block of matter
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molecules
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atoms combine to form this
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Pure substance
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is matter that has distinct properties and a composition that doesn't vary from sample to sample (water; table salt)
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Compounds
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substances composed of two or more elements so they contain two or more kinds of atoms
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Mixtures
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combinations of two or more substances in which each substance retains its own chemical identity
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Physical Properties
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can be measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance
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Chemical Properties
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describe the way a substance may change, or react, to form other substances
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Intensive properties
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do not depend on the amount of the sample being examined
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Extensive properties
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substances depend on the quantity of the sample
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Dalton
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1. Atoms are indestructible
2.Compounds (h2O)
3. all elements are identical
4. atoms are the smallest building blocks
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Thompson
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Cathode rays (showed that the elements are not identical) the negative charges weighed differently
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Milliken
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Oil Drop: experiment helped us establish the mass of an electron because he was able to determine the charge
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Rutherford
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Gold foil determined that atoms are mostly empty space
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