Middle Adulthood (Ch 11) – Flashcards
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Which of the following is TRUE regarding visual changes in midlife?
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An operation can be performed to correct problems with distance vision.
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During midlife, ______.
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The cilia thin out
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Your grandmother is experiencing very strong menopausal symptoms. She is 62 years old and is a breast cancer survivor. She has heard that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can help with severe menopausal symptoms. Based on research, what would you expect to be the advice she gets from her physician?
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She should definitely not use HRT because of the risks given her age and medical history.
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In terms of American ethnic groups, women of ______ descent report the highest rate of hot flashes as a result of menopause.
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African
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Which of the following is true?
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There is no menopause in other primate species; it is unique to human females.
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Which of the following is associated with sleep problems in middle age?
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Being depressed
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Which of the following is a risk factor for osteoporosis?
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Smoking
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Among adults worldwide, what is the leading cause of death?
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Cardiovascular disease
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Rates of cardiovascular disease are likely to be lowest for an individual living in ______.
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Japan
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Which of the following is a finding that emerged from the Americans' Changing Lives study?
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People with high levels of educational attainment were less likely than others to die in middle adulthood or to experience chronic health problems in middle and late adulthood.
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A person's vocabulary, cultural information stored in long-term memory, and logical reasoning abilities are known as what type of intelligence?
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Crystallized intelligence
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Crystallized and fluid intelligence were studied in the Seattle Longitudinal Study and it was found that perceptual speed ______.
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Declined steeply throughout the adult years.
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Expertise would be considered a form of ______ intelligence.
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Crystallized
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Developmentalists refer to knowledge and experience in a specific domain as ______.
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Expertise
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In what way is Vladimir, a middle-aged man, likely to be different from his 24-year-old co worker who began working with him just under a year ago? Vladimir is ______.
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More likely to be satisfied with his job.
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A study measures the time it takes a person to push a button once they hear a sound is focused on ______.
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Reaction time
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Reaction time ______.
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Is typically longer for midlife adults than it is for young adults in laboratory settings.
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On which of the following tasks would midlife adults tend to do more poorly than their younger counterparts?
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Switching between assessing pairs of numbers as "odd or even" or as "more or less"
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The ability to maintain attention on two or more information sources simultaneously and switch back and forth between them is known as ______.
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Divided attention.
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The capacity for divided attention declines from emerging adulthood to middle adulthood and some researches have argued that this is caused by ______.
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The cohort difference
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Which of the following would you most likely hear a midlife adult say?
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"I hope my kids remember me as a dedicated and loving parent."
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When it comes to a midlife crisis, research evidence since the 1970's suggests ______.
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that the claim of a universal midlife crisis is false
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What is the Eriksonian crisis in which individuals have the desire to "live on" after they have died and to help those younger than they so that the effects of their time on earth will be evident when they are gone?
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Generativity vs. stagnation
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Clarisse loves to spend time with her grandchildren and makes every effort to help her daughter and son-in-law with babysitting and household chores while they focus on work. According to Erik Erikson, Clarisse's willingness to help and contribute to the generations after her means she will successfully resolve the ______ crisis.
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Generativity vs. stagnation
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Which of the following is most accurate regarding the status of women?
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The Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM), a measure of women's opportunity to achieve status and authority, is highest in European countries.
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The most common pattern historically in Asia, Africa, and South America has been that when a woman and man marry, ______.
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The son remains in his parents' household and his wife moves in.
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Which of the following statements about family relations is TRUE?
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Midlife adults who are highly involved in a parent's care experience high rates of exhaustion and depression
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Which of the following best describes how marital satisfaction changes over the life span?
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High satisfaction in the first few years of marriage, reaching a low point while caring for young children and remaining low until the children enter emerging adulthood, then a steep and steady rise in satisfaction at midlife and beyond
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Research on marriage in the United States has shown that ______.
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Midlife married couples often describe their spouse as their best friend.
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Which of the following statements about work and leisure is most accurate?
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All developed countries except the United States guarantee workers a minimum number of weeks of paid vacation per year.
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The aspect of hearing that declines most significantly in midlife is the ability to ______.
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hear high-pitched tones.
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Which of the following statements about menopause is true?
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Japanese women experience less extreme menopausal symptoms than those in other ethnic groups.
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______ is/are the leading cause(s) of death worldwide.
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Cardiovascular disease
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Which of the following is most accurate regarding research on predictors of health in middle adulthood and later adulthood?
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Education predicted health from middle to late adulthood more strongly than did income.
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Crystallized intelligence represents a person's ______.
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Culturally-based knowledge.
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Experts ______.
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Are more automatic in their problem-solving than are novices.
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Midlife adults ______.
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Stay unemployed longer than young adults after experiencing a job loss
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The one test in Seattle Longitudinal Study that showed a clear decline from young to middle adulthood was ______.
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Perceptual speed
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Which of the following decreases for most people through middle adulthood?
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Ability for divided attention
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Which of the following is most accurate regarding research on self-development in middle adulthood?
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Self-acceptance, autonomy, and environmental mastery all increase during middle adulthood
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One of the weaknesses of the research of Daniel Levinson, who studied the midlife crisis in the 1970s, is that his initial observations were based on a(n) ______.
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Intensive study of only 40 men
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Research on generatively ______.
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Has shown that there are a variety of ways an adult can be generative.
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During middle adulthood, women in India ______.
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Gain the authority that once belonged to their mother-in-law
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Which of the following is true of grandparents in developed countries?
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Grandparents' involvement with their grandchildren depends partly on their relationship with their children and sons- and daughters-in-law.
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Research on marriage in the United States has shown that by midlife ______.
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Nearly three-fourths of American adults describe their marriage as "excellent" or "very good"
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Research indicates that vacation time ______.
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Increases cognitive and physical functioning.
