microecon ch 12 – Flashcards

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When the value of a product to each user, including existing users, increases due to an increase in the total number of users, we refer to this as:
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Network effects
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Allocative inefficiency happens in a monopoly because at the profit-maximizing output level
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P > MC
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A non-discriminating pure monopolist is generally viewed as:
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Both productively and allocatively inefficient
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Many people believe that monopolies charge any price they want to without affecting sales. Instead, the output level for a profit-maximizing monopoly is determined by:
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Marginal cost = marginal revenue
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The non-discriminating pure monopolist must decrease price on all units of a product sold in order to sell more units. This explains why:
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Marginal revenue is less than average revenue
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With a natural monopoly, the fair return price:
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Is allocatively inefficient; the socially optimal price is allocatively efficient
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An exclusive legal right as sole producer for 20 years granted to an inventor of a product is called a
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Patent
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A monopoly results in productive inefficiency because at the profit-maximizing output level:
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ATC is not at its minimum level
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Barriers to entry
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Can result from government regulation
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With non-rivalrous consumption such as in the case of online music and movies, as more consumers buy the product:
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The average cost of the output declines because the marginal cost is very small
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A non-discriminating monopolist will find that marginal revenue
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Is less than average revenue or price
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Refer to the above graph showing the revenue curves for a monopolist. Total revenue will be greatest at what output level?
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Q3
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An argument for making regulated monopolies adopt marginal cost pricing is that this would:
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Make the marginal cost equal to society's valuation of the marginal benefit
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Refer to the above graph showing the revenue curves for a monopolist. If it wants to sell quantity Q1, it must charge a price
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P1
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Under pure monopoly, a profit-maximizing firm will produce
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In the elastic range of its demand curve
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Refer to the above graph showing the revenue curves for a monopolist. At what output level is demand inelastic?
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Q4
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Which is true of a price discriminating pure monopolist?
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The average price will be higher than in the nondiscriminating case
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The economic incentive for price discrimination is based upon
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Differences among buyers' elasticities of demand
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One feature of pure monopoly is that the firm is:
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A price maker
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A firm will earn economic profits whenever:
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Average revenue exceeds average total costs
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In the short run equilibrium, a monopolist's profits:
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May be positive, negative, or zero
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Refer to the above graph showing the revenue curves for a monopolist. The elastic portion of the demand curve ranges from quantity:
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0 to Q3
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Which of the above shows the correct relationship between demand and marginal revenue?
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B
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X-inefficiency is said to occur when a monopolist's
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Average cost is greater than the minimum possible average cost at a given output level
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Which phrase would be most characteristic of pure monopoly
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Sole seller
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