Medical Terminology "Word Elements" – Flashcards
416 test answers
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extremity or topmost
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acr/o
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hearing
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acous/o; acust/o
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to, toward, or near
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ad-
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gland
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aden/o
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fat
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adip/o
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adrenal
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adren/o; adrenal/o
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pertaining to
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-al
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albino
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albin/o
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pain
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-algia; -alges
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digestive tract
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alimen/o
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alveolus (air sac)
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alveol/o
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amnion
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amni/o
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on both sides
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amphi-
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without
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an-
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up, apart
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ana-
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male
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andr/o
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converts noun to adjective pertaining to
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-aneous
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vessel
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angi/o
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crooked
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ankyl/o
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against or opposed to
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ante-
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aorta
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aort/o
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appendix
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appendic/o
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pertaining to
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-ar
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spider
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arachn/o
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artery
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arteri/o
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joint
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arthr/o
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pertaining to
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-ary
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weakness
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-asthen
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star-shaped
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astr/o
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fatty, or lipid, paste
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ather/o
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atrium
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atri/o
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hearing
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audi/o; audit/o
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ear
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aur/o; auricul/o
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self
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auto-
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bacteria
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bacteri/o
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glans penis
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balan/o
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two or both
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bi-
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life
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bi/o
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eyelid
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blephar/o
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arm
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brachi/o
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slow
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brady-
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bronchus (airway)
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bronch/o; bronchi/o
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cheek
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bucc/o
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bulb-like
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bulb/o
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heel
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calcane/o
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calcium
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calc/i
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heart
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cardi/o
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wrist
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carp/o
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pouching or hernia
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-cele
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puncture for aspiration
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-centesis
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head
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cephal/o
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cerebellum
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cerebell/o
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largest part of the brain, cerebrum
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cerebr/o
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neck
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cerv/o; cervic/o
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lip
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cheil/o
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chemical
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chem/o
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hand
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chir/o
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bile duct
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cholangi/o
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bile
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chol/o; chole/o
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gallbladder
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cholecyst/o
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common bile duct
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choledoch/o
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cartilage
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chondr/o
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to kill
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-cidal; -cide
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around
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circum/o
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yellow
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cirrh/o
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clotting
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coagul/o
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colon (large intestine)
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col/o; colon/o
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vagina
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colp/o
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with, together
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con-
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rounded end surface of a bone
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condyl-
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conjunctiva
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conjunctiv/o
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against or opposed to
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contra-
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cornea
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corne/o
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circle or crown
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coron/o
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outer layer of covering
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cortic/o
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rib
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cost/o
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skull
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crani/o
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blending; mixture
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-crasia
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to secrete
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crin/o
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to freeze
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cry/o
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hidden
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crypt-
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hearing
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-cusis
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skin
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cutane/o
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blue
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cyan/o
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bladder or sac
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cyst/o
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cell
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-cyte; cyt/o
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tear
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dacry/o
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lacrimal sac
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dacryocyst/o
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finger, toe
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dactyl/o
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from, down, or not
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de-
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teeth
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dent/i; dent/o
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skin
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derm/o; dermat/o
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binding
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-desis
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two
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di-
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across or through
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dia-
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increase diameter; open up
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-dilator
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two, double
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dipl/o; dipl
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thrist
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dips/o
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dorsal
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dors/o
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duodenum
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duoden/o
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dura
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dur/o
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painful
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-dynia
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painful, difficult, or faulty
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dys-
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out or away
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ec-, ecto
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dilation of a tubular structure
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-ectasia
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dialtion of tubular structure
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-ectasis
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excision or removal
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-ectomy
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collection of watery fluid in tissues
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-edema
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electricity
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electr/o
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vomiting
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-emesis
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pertaining to vomiting
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-emetic
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blood condition
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-emia
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entire brain
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encephal/o
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within
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en-, endo-
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endocrine
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endocrin/o
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small intesine
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enter/o
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upon, following, subsequent to
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-eous
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upon
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epi-
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red
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erythr/o
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redness
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erythemat/o
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esophagus
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esophag/o
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sensation
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esthesi/o
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out or away
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eu-; ex-; ex/o
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outside
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estra-
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firous membrane
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fasci/o
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femur, thighbone
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femur/o
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fiber
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fibr/o
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ganglia (singular: ganglion)
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gangli/o; ganglion/o
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stomach
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gastr/o
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orin or production
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gen-; -genesis
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pertaining to origin
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-genic
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aged
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ger/o; geront/o
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glue
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gingiv/o; gli/o
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protein
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-globin
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glomerulus
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glomerul/o
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tongue
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gloss/o
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sugar (glucose)
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gluc/o; glyc/o
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gonad
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gonad/o
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record
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-gram
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instrument for recording
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-graph
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process for recording
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-graphy
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female
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gyn/o; gynec/o
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blood
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hem/o; hemat/o
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half
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hemi-
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liver
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hep/o; hepat/o
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hernia
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herni/o
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hormone
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hormon/o
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humerus, upper arm bone
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humer/o
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water
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hydr/o
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above or excessive
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hyper-
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sleep
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hypn/o
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below or deficient
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hypo-
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pituitary gland
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hypopnys/o
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uterus
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hyster/o
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condition of
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-ia
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specialist
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iac; -ian
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formation or presence of
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-iasis
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medical specialty
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-iatric
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specialist
answer
-iatrist
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treatment
answer
iatr/o
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medical specialty
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-iatry
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pertaining to
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-ic, -ical
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fish scales, very dry
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ichthy/o
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medical specialty
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-ics
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ileum
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ile/o
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safe
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immun/o
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suffix used in the formation of names of chemicals
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-ine
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inside or below
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infra-
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inguinal
answer
inguin/o
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between
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inter-
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within
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intra-
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smaller
answer
-iole
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condition
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-ion
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iris (colored circle)
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ir/o; irid/o; irit/o
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to hold back
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isch/o
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condition of
answer
-ism
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one who specializes in
answer
-ist
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inflammation
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-itis
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structure or tissue
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-ium
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yellow
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jaund/o
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jejunum
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jejun/o
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cornea
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kerat/o
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movement
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kine-; kinesi/o; -kinesia
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humpbacked
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kyph/o
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lips
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labi/o
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labyrinth
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labyrinth/o
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tear
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lacrim/o
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milk
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lact/o
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abdomin
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lapar/o
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larynx (voice box)_
answer
laryng/o
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sseizure
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-lepsy
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white
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leuk/o
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ligament
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ligament/o
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fatty
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-lipid;
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stone
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lith/o; -lith
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condition of having stones
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-lithiasis
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one who specializes in the study or treatment of
answer
-logist
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study of
answer
-logy
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bent
answer
lord/o
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loin (lower back)
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lumb/o
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clear fluid
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lymph/o; lymphat/o
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lymph nodes
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lymphaden/o
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lymph vessels
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lymphangi/o
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breakdown or dissolution
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-lysis
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large (prefix)
answer
macro-
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softening
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-malacia
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breast
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mamm/o
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condition of abnormal impulse toward or frenzy
answer
-mania
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breast
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mast/o
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enlargement
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-megaly
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black
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melan/o
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month (menstration)
answer
men/o
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membrane (meninges)
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mening/o
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referring to the mind
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ment/o
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middle, mean
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meso-
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beyond, after, or change
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meta-
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instrument for measuring
answer
-meter
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uterus
answer
metr/o
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process of measuring
answer
-metry
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small
answer
micro-
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memory
answer
-mnesia
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one
answer
mono-
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mucus
answer
muc/o
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muscle
answer
muscul/o
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fungus
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myc/o
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muscle
answer
my/o
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bone marrow or spinal cord
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myel/o
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eardrum or tympanic membrane
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myring/o
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stupor or sleep
answer
narc/o
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nose
answer
nas/o
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birth
answer
nat/o
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dead
answer
necr/o
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new
answer
neo-
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kidney
answer
nephr/o
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nerve
answer
neur/o
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night
answer
noct/o
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eye
answer
ocul/o
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resembling
answer
-oid
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small
answer
-ole
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scanty
answer
olig-, oligo-
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tumor
answer
-oma
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tumor
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onc/o
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chemical compound
answer
-one
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nail
answer
onych/o
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oary, egg
answer
oo
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ovary
answer
oophor/o
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eye
answer
ophthalm/o
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eye, vision
answer
-opia
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vision
answer
-opsia
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process of viewing
answer
-opsy
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eye
answer
opt/o
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mouth
answer
or/o
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testis or testicle
answer
orch/o; orchi/o, orchid/o
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straight, normal, or correct
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orth/o
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pertaining to
answer
-ory
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abnormal condition or increase
answer
-osis
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bone, bony
answer
osse/o
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bone
answer
oste/o
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ear
answer
ot/o
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pertaining to
answer
-otic
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pertaining to
answer
-ous
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egg
answer
ov/i; ov/o
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ovary
answer
ovar/o
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oxygen
answer
ox/o; -oxia
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all
answer
pan-
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pancreas
answer
pancreat/o
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alongside of or abnormal
answer
para-
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thyroid
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parathyr/o; parathyroid/o;
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a wall of the body
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pariet/o
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weakness, loss of movement
answer
-paresis
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disease
answer
path/o; -pathy
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chest
answer
pector/o
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lice
answer
pedicul/o
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abnormal reduction
answer
-penia
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foot, child
answer
ped/o
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pelvis
answer
pelv/o
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deficiency
answer
-penia
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digestion
answer
-pepsia
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around
answer
peri-
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suspension or fixation
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-pexy
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eat or swallow
answer
phag/o; -phagia
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lens
answer
phak/o; phac/o
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bones of fingers and toes
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phalang/o
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drug
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pharm/o; pharmacy/o
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pharynx or throat
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pharyng/o
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speech
answer
phas/o; -phasia
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attraction for
answer
-phil
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vein
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phelb/o
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condition of abnormal fear or sensitivity
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-phobia
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voice
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phon/o; -phonia
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light
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phot/o
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diaphragm, mind
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phren/o
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protection
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-phylaxis
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to grow
answer
-physis
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hair
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pil/o
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formation
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-plasia
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surgical repair or reconstruction
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-plasty
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paralysis
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-plegia
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pleura
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pleur/o
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breathing
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-pnea
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air or lung
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pneum/o
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formation
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-poiesis
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many
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poly-
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porous
answer
-porosis
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after
answer
post-
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posterior
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poster/o
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before
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pre-
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old age
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presby/o
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rectum and anus
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proct/o
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prostate gland
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prostat/o
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proximal
answer
proxim/o
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to itch
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prurit/o
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mind
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psych/o
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falling or downward displacement
answer
-ptosis
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spitting
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-ptysis
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lung
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pulmon/o
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pupil
answer
pupil/o
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pus
answer
py/o
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pelvis
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pyel/o
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pylorus
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pylor/o
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fever
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pyret/o
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four
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quadri-
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rectum
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rect/o
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kidney
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ren/o
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retina
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retin/o
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behind, backward
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retro-
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to flow
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rheum/o; rheumat/o
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nose
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rhin/o
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to burst forth (usually blood)
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-rrhage, -rrhagia
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suture
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-rrhaphy
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discharge
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--rrhea
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rupture
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-rrhexis
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uterine or fallopian tube
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salping/o
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flesh
answer
sarc/o
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to scratch
answer
scab/o
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split
answer
schiz/o
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hard or sclera
answer
scler/o
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hardness
answer
-sclerosis
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twisted
answer
scoli/o
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instrument for examination
answer
-scope
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process of examination
answer
-scopy
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sebaceous
answer
seb/o
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half
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semi-
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decay or breaking
answer
-septic
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salivary glands
answer
sial/o
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sigmoid colon
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sigmoid/o
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sinus
answer
sinus/o
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involuntary contraction
answer
-spasm
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sperm
answer
sperm/o
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sperm
answer
spermat/o
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pulse
answer
sphygm/o
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thorn
answer
spin/o
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breathing
answer
spir/o
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spleen
answer
splen/o
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vertebra
answer
spondyl/o
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stapes
answer
staped/o
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stop or stand
answer
-stasis
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narrow
answer
sten/o
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chest
answer
stern/o
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chest
answer
steth/o
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strength
answer
sthen/o
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mouth
answer
stomat/o
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creation of an opening
answer
-stomy
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below or under
answer
sub-
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sweat gland
answer
sudor/o
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above or excessive
answer
super/o; super-; supra-
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together
answer
sym-
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together or with
answer
syn-
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fast
answer
tachy-
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temper
answer
temper/o
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tendon
answer
tend/o; tendin/o
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pressure
answer
tens-
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testis or testicle
answer
test/o; testost/o
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four
answer
tetra-
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chest
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thorac/o; thorac/i; thoracic/o
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clot
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thromb/o
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thymus gland
answer
thym/o
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thyroid gland (shield)
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thyr/o, thyroid/o
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to cut
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tom/o
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cutting insturment
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-tome
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incision
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-tomy
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tone or tension
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ton/o
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tonsil
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tonsill/o
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trachea (windpipe)
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trache/o
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across or through
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trans-; trnas/o
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three
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tri-
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crushing
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-tripsy
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nourishment or development
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troph/o; tropin; -trophy
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eardrum or tympanic membrane
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tympan/o
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converts a root ro noun to an adjective
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-ular
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singular noun ending
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-um
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one
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uni-
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urine
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ur/o, urin/o
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ureter
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ureter/o
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urethra
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urethr/o
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condition
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-us
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uterus
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uter/o
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uvea
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uve/o
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vagina
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vagin/o
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valve
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valv/o; valvul/o
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swollen, twisted vein
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varic/o
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vessel
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vas/o; vascul/o
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vein
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ven/o
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ventricle (belly or pouch)
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ventricul/o
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to turn
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-version
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vertebra
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vertebr/o
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bladder or sac
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vesic/o
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vulva
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vulv/o
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yellow
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xanth/o
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dry
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xer/o
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adjective suffix
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-y
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yoke, to join
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zyg/o
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