Medical Terminology, Chapter 1 Terms, Intro to Medical Terminology – Flashcards
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abdominocentesis
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the surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid
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abnormal
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not normal or away from normal
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acronym
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a word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term
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acute
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a condition that has a rapid onset, a severe course, and a relatively short duration
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addiction
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drawn toward or a strong dependence on a drug or substance
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angiogram
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the film produced by angiography
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angiography
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the process of producing a radiograph (x-ray) study of the blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium
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appendectomy
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the surgical removal of the appendix
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appendicitis
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an inflammation of the appendix
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arteriomalacia
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the abnormal softening of the walls of an artery or arteries
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arterionecrosis
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the tissue death of an artery
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arteriosclerosis
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the abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries
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arteriostenosis
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the abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries
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arthralgia
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pain in a joint or joints
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arthroscopy
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the visual examination of the internal structure of a joint
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atheroma
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a fatty deposit within the wall of an artery
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cardiac
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pertaining to the heart
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colostomy
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the surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface
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colotomy
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a surgical incision into the colon
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cranium
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the portion of the skull that encloses the brain
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cyanosis
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blue discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood
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dermatologist
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a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin
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diagnosis
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the identification of a disease
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diarrhea
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the frequent flow of loose or watery stools
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dysfunctional
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an organ or body part that is not working properly
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edema
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swelling caused by excess fluid in the body tissues
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endarterial
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pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery
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eponym
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a disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first
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erythrocyte
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a mature red blood cell
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euthyroid
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a normally functioning thyroid gland
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fissure
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a groove or crack-like sore of the skin
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fistula
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an abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs, or leading from an organ to the surface of the body
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gastralgia
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pain in the stomach
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gastritis
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an inflammation of the stomach
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gastrodynia
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pain in the stomach
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gastroenteritis
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an inflammation of the stomach and small intestine
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gastrosis
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any disease of the stomach
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hemorrhage
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the loss of a large amount of blood in a short time
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hepatomegaly
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abnormal enlargement of the liver
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hypertension
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higher than normal blood pressure
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hypotension
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lower than normal blood pressure
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ileum
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the last and longest portion of the small intestine
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ilium
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part of the hip bone
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infection
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the invasion of the body by a pathogenic (disease producing) organism
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inflammation
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a localized response to an injury or destruction of tissues
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interstitial
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between, but not within, the parts of a tissue
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intramuscular
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within the muscle
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laceration
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a torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut wound
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lesion
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a pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury
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leukocyte
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a white blood cell
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melanosis
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any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissues or organs
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mycosis
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any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus
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myelopathy
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any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord
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myopathy
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any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue
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myoplasty
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the surgical repair of a muscle
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myorrhaphy
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the surgical suturing of a muscle wound
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myorrhexis
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the rupture of a muscle
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natal
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pertaining to birth
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neonatology
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the study of disorders of the newborn
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neuritis
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inflammation of a nerve or nerves
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neuroplasty
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the surgical repair of a nerve
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otorhinolaryngology
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the study of the ears, nose, and throat
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palpation
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an examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts
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palpitation
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a pounding or racing heart
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pathology
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the study of all aspects of diseases
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perinatal
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the time and events surrounding birth
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phalanges
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the bones of the fingers and toes
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poliomyelitis
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a viral infection of the gray matter of the spinal cord
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postnatal
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the time and events after birth
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prenatal
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the time and events before birth
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prognosis
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a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disorder
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prostate
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a male gland that lies under the urinary bladder and surrounds the urethra
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prostrate
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to collapse and be lying flat or to be overcome with exhaustion
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pyelitis
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an inflammation of the renal pelvis
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pyoderma
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any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection
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pyrosis
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discomfort due to the regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus
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remission
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the temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure
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sign
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objective evidence of disease such as a fever
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subcostal
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below a rib or ribs
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supination
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the act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward
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suppuration
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the formation or discharge of pus
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supracostal
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above or outside the ribs
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symptom
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subjective evidence of a disease, such as pain or a headache
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syndrome
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a set of the signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process
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tonsillectomy
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the surgical removal of the tonsils
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tonsillitis
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an inflammation of the tonsils
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trauma
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wound or injury
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triage
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the medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and the proper place of treatment
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viral
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pertaining to a virus
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virile
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having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male
