med term urinary system ch 9 – Flashcards
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cystorrhaphy
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surgical suturing of the bladder
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catheterization
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insertion of a tube through the urethra and into the urinary bladder for the purpose of withdrawing urine or inserting dye
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catheterization suprapubic
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placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision made through the abdominal wall just above the pubic bone
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meatotomy
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surgical incision made in the urinary meatus to enlarge the opening
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urethropexy
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surgical dilation of the urethra to correct urinary stress incontinence
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nephro or reno
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kidneys
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pyelo
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renal pelvis
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uro or urino
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urine
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uretero
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ureters
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cysto
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urinary bladder
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urethro
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urethra
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nephrons
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filtering units of the kidney that remove wastes from the blood and produce urine
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renal pelvis
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the funnel-shaped area within each kidney that is surrounded by renal cortex and medulla
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ureters
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2 narrow tubes about 0-12 inches long
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peristalsis
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involuntary waves of muscle contraction. moves urine down the ureters
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urinary bladder
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hollow, muscular organ that holds and stores urine
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urethra
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tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
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nephrologist
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a physician who studies and treats diseases of the kidney
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renal failure
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inability of the kidneys to excrete wastes and to help maintain the electrolyte balance
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uremia
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aka uremic poisoning , a toxic condition resulting from excessive amounts of urea and other waste products in the blood stream
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urologist
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one who specializes in the study of urinary system and the male reproductive system
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genitourinary
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refers to both the genital and urinary organs
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acute renal failure
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has sudden onset & is characterized by uremia. it can be fatal if not reversed promptly
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nephrotic syndrome
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a condition in which very high levels of protein are lost in the urine and abnormally low levels of protein are present in the blood
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hyperproteinuria
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the presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine
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hydronephrosis
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the dilation (swelling) of one or both kidneys
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nephroptosis
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floating kidney
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nephropyosis
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aka pyonephrosis, discharge or formation of pus in the kidney
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renal colic
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acute pain that occurs in the kidney area caused by blockage during the passage of a stone
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nephrolithiasis
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presence of a renal stone or stones
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ureterectasis
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distention of the ureter
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ureterorrhagia
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the discharge of blood from the ureter
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pyelitis
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inflammation of the renal pelvis
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pyelonephritis
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inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney
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interstitial cystitis
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chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder
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cystocele
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fallen bladder
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vesicovaginal fistula
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abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina
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neurogenic bladder
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a urinary problem caused by interference with the normal nerve pathways associated with urination
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urethrostenosis
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narrowing of the urethra
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epispadias
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a congenital abnormality of the urethral opening where in the male, the urethral opening is located on the upper surface of the penis, and in the female the urethral opening is in the region of the clitoris
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diuresis
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increased formation and secretion of urine
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enuresis
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involuntary discharge of urine
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nocturnal enuresis
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bedwetting
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urinary retention
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inability to empty the bladder
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incontinence
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inability to control bladder and/or bowels
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stress incontinence
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the inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress such as running, sneezing, laughing, or coughing
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intravenous pyelogram
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diagnostic radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters with the use of a contrast medium that is administered intravenously
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pyelogram
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x-ray of the renal pelvis
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KUB
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(Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder) is a radiographic study of structures without the use of a contrast medium.
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diuretics
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medications administered to increase urine secretion in order to rid the body of excess water and salt
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dialysis
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a procedure to remove waste products from the blood of patients whose kidneys no longer function
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hemodialysis
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Method to remove impurities by pumping the patient's blood through a dialyzer, the specialized filter of the artificial kidney machine
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peritoneal dialysis
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lining of the peritoneal cavity acts as the filter to remove waste from the blood
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nephrolysis
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freeing of a kidney from adhesions
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pyelotomy
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a surgical incision into the renal pelvis; performed to correct an obstruction of the junction between the renal pelvis and the ureter
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lithotripsy
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crushing of a stone
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nephrolithotomy
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removal of a kidney stone through an incision made into the kidney
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percutaneous nephrolithotomy
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performed by making a small incision in the back and inserting a nephroscope to crush and remove a kidney stone
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ureterectomy
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surgical removal of a ureter
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ureteroplasty
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surgical repair of a ureter
